Bolam Glacier

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Bolam Glacier
Bolam Glacier
Siskiyou County, California, USA
Type Mountain glacier
Coordinates 41°24′55″N 122°12′02″W / 41.41528°N 122.20056°W / 41.41528; -122.20056Coordinates: 41°24′55″N 122°12′02″W / 41.41528°N 122.20056°W / 41.41528; -122.20056[1]
Area 2 sq mi (5.2 km2)
Length 1.4 mi (2.3 km)
Thickness 70 ft (21 m) average
Terminus Moraine
Status Expanding

The Bolam Glacier is a glacier situated on the northern flank of Mount Shasta, in the U.S. state of California.[2][3] It is the second longest glacier in California behind the nearby Whitney Glacier, and the fourth largest and most voluminous after the neighboring Hotlum Glacier, Whitney Glacier, and Wintun Glacier.[4] The Bolam Glacier flows from a cirque on the north side of Mount Shasta's main summit, with the moving ice starting below a large bergschrund which spans the glacier at 12,600 ft (3,800 m).[5] Above that, permanent snow and ice extends towards the summit to about 13,500 ft (4,100 m).[5] The glacier flows north down a steep slope and terminates near 9,800 ft (3,000 m).[5]

In 2002, scientists made the first detailed survey of Mount Shasta's glaciers in 50 years. They found that seven of the glaciers have grown over the period 1951–2002, with the Hotlum and Wintun nearly doubling, the Bolam increasing by half, and the Whitney and Konwakiton Glaciers growing by a third.[6][7][8]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Bolam Glacier". Geographic Names Information System, U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 2012-09-30. 
  2. ↑ "Existing Glaciers of Mount Shasta". College of the Siskiyous. Retrieved 2007-01-23. 
  3. ↑ "Glaciers of California". Glaciers of the American West. Glaciers Online. Archived from the original on September 3, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-23. 
  4. ↑ Driedger, Carolyn L.; Kennard, Paul M. (1986). "Ice volumes on Cascade volcanoes; Mount Rainier, Mount Hood, Three Sisters, and Mount Shasta". U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1365. Retrieved 2007-03-06. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Google Earth elevation for GNIS coordinates
  6. ↑ Harris, Stephen L. (2005). Fire Mountains of the West: The Cascade and Mono Lake Volcanoes (3rd ed.). Mountain Press Publishing Company. p. 109. ISBN 0-87842-511-X. 
  7. ↑ Wong, Kathleen. "California Glaciers". California Wild. California Academy of Sciences. Archived from the original on October 6, 2006. Retrieved 2007-01-23. 
  8. ↑ Whitney, David (September 4, 2006). "A growing glacier: Mount Shasta bucks global trend, and researchers cite warming phenomena". The Bee. Archived from the original on January 21, 2007. Retrieved 2007-01-23. 
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