Black and Tan
 | |
| A blend of Guinness stout and Bass pale ale | |
| Type | Mixed drink |
|---|---|
| Served | Straight up; without ice |
| Standard drinkware | Pint glass |
| Commonly used ingredients |
Pale ale or lager and stout or porter |
Black and Tan is a beer cocktail made from a blend of a pale beer (usually pale ale or lager) with a dark beer (usually stout or porter).
History
The term likely originated in England, where consumers have blended different beers since at least the seventeenth century.[1] The name "black and tan" had earlier been used to describe the coats of dogs, such as the black and tan coon-hound. The earliest recorded usage of the term in the drink context is from 1881, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, in the American magazine Puck.[2] The first recorded British use of the term to describe a drink is from 1889.[2]
Preparation
The "layering" of Guinness on top of the pale ale or lager is possible because the lower relative density of the Guinness.[1] The opposite scenario (where the layer on top is heavier than bottom) would produce the fluid mechanics phenomenon known as the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability.
To prepare a Black and Tan, fill a glass halfway with pale ale then add the stout. The top layer is best poured slowly over an upside-down tablespoon placed over the glass to avoid splashing and mixing the layers. A specially designed black-and-tan spoon is bent in the middle so that it can balance on the edge of the pint-glass for easier pouring.[1] Alternatively, the stout can be poured first so that the drinks are thoroughly mixed together.
Variants
Several American breweries currently make premixed Black and Tan, for example Yuengling's Original Black and Tan.[1]
Black and Tan in the United States is usually Guinness Draught mixed with Bass with variations using Harp Lager instead of Bass referred to as Half and Half, and Guinness and Newcastle Brown Ale known as Black Castle.
Controversy
The name "Black and Tan" is not used in Ireland as a term for a mixture of two beers, the drink is instead referred to as a Half and half.[1] Indeed, the drink has image problems in Ireland and elsewhere due to the association with the Royal Irish Constabulary Reserve Force, nicknamed the "Black and Tans", which was sent into Ireland in the early 1920s.[1] As a result, in Ireland the name is seen as contentious and disrespectful.[3]
In March 2006, Ben and Jerry's released an ice cream flavour in the United States for Saint Patrick's Day inspired by the drink; the name offended Irish nationalists because of the paramilitary association. Ben and Jerry's has since apologised. A spokesman told Reuters, "Any reference on our part to the British Army unit was absolutely unintentional and no ill will was ever intended."[4] In March 2012, the drink's name once more came into the news when Nike, as part of an Irish themed set of designs, released a pair of shoes advertised as the "Black and Tan" and generating offence similar to the earlier Ben and Jerry's ice cream.[5]
See also
- Shandy
- Black Velvet (cocktail)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Oliver, Garrett (2011). The Oxford Companion to Beer. Oxford University Press. p. 135. ISBN 978-0-19-536713-3.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Home : Oxford English Dictionary
- ↑ Ireland's War of Independence: The chilling story of the Black and Tans - The Independent, 21 April 2006
- ↑ Black and Tan ice cream causes a chill in Ireland - The Telegraph, 21 April 2006
- ↑ Nike puts its foot in it with 'Black and Tan' sneaker - The Irish Times, 10 March 2012