Bitot's spots

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Bitot's spots
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	E50.1
ICD-9	264.1

Bitot's spots are the buildup of keratin debris located superficially in the conjunctiva, which are oval, triangular or irregular in shape. These spots are a sign of vitamin A deficiency and are associated with conjunctival xerosis. In 1863, Pierre Bitot (1822-1888), a French physician, first described these spots.^[1]

In ancient Egypt, this was treated with animal liver, which is where vitamin A is stored^{[citation needed]}.

Treatment

Vitamin A
Beta carotene

References

↑ Shukla, M. and Behari, K. (1979), Congenital Bitot spots, Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, 27(2), 63-64

External links

1174798366 at GPnotebook
Illustration
BJO Online
Online Atlas of Ophthalmology at the University of Iowa

Nutrition disorders (E40–E68, 260–269)

Hypoalimentation/
malnutrition

Protein-energy
malnutrition

Avitaminosis

B vitamins	B₁: Beriberi / Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome (Wernicke's encephalopathy Korsakoff's syndrome) B₂: Ariboflavinosis B₃: Pellagra (Niacin deficiency) B₆: Pyridoxine deficiency B₇: Biotin deficiency B₉: Folate deficiency B₁₂: Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency

Other vitamins	A: Vitamin A deficiency/Bitot's spots C: Scurvy D: Hypovitaminosis D/Rickets/Osteomalacia E: Vitamin E deficiency K: Vitamin K deficiency

Mineral
deficiency

Hyperalimentation

Overweight Obesity	Childhood obesity Obesity hypoventilation syndrome Abdominal obesity

Vitamin poisoning	Hypervitaminosis A Hypervitaminosis D Hypervitaminosis E

Mineral overload	see inborn errors of metal metabolism, toxicity

M: NUT

cof, enz, met

noco, nuvi, sysi/epon, met

drug (A8/11/12)

Eponymous medical signs for eyes and ears

Eyes

Adnexa	lacrimal: Schirmer's test eyelid: Abadie's sign of exophthalmic goiter Boston's sign Dalrymple's sign Stellwag's sign

Globe	pupil: Argyll Robertson pupils Adie pupil Marcus Gunn pupil iris: Fleischer ring Kayser-Fleischer ring Brushfield spots Lisch nodule conjunctiva: Bitot's spots Arlt's line retina: Hollenhorst plaque Roth's spot Fuchs spot others: Alexander's law Hirschberg test Siegrist streaks Hudson–Stahli line

Ears

M: EYE

anat (g/a/p)/phys/devp/prot

noco/cong/tumr, epon

proc, drug (S1A/1E/1F/1L)

M: EAR

anat (e/p)/phys/devp

noco/cong, epon

proc, drug (S2)

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