Bilge Khagan

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Bilge Khagan
Khagan of the Turkic Khaganate
Reign	717–734
Predecessor	Inel Khagan
Successor	Yiran Khagan

Spouse	Po Beg
Issue
Yollıg Khagan Tengli Khagan
House	House of Ashina
Father	Ilterish Khagan
Mother	Ilbilge Khatun
Born	683 or 684
Died	734
Religion	Tengrism

Bilge Khagan (Old Turkic: , Bilge qaγan)^[1] (683 or 684 – 734) was the khagan of the Second Turkic Khaganate. His accomplishments were described in the Orkhon inscriptions.

Names

As was the custom, his personal name and the name after assuming the title Khagan were different. His personal name was : 阿史那默棘連, Ashǐnà mòjílián, a-shih-na mo-chi-lan) . His name after assuming the title was Bilge Khagan (or Bilge Qhagan). (Old Turkic: 𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀 𐰴𐰍𐰣, Bilge qaγan,^[1] 毗伽可汗, Pinyin: píjiā kěhàn, Wade–Giles: p'i-chia k'o-han, official title: 𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃𐱅𐰏 𐱅𐰭𐰼𐰃𐰓𐰀 𐰉𐰆𐰞𐰢𐱁 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰏𐰀 𐰴𐰍𐰣, Teŋіriteg Тeŋiride bolmuš Türük Bilge qaγan,^[2] His wife was Po Beg, Tonyukuk's daughter. "Bilge" sounds similar to Mongolian language word "bileg" meaning "gift/present/lucky." Gift, presenty, lucky is Beleg in Mongolian not Bileg. Bileg means intelligence and wise in Mongolian.

As a khagan

In 716, Kapaghan Khagan the second khaghan of the khaganate was killed in his campaign against Toquz Oghuz and his severed head was sent to Chang'an.^[3] Although his son Inel Qaghan succeeded him, the legal claimant of the throne was his cousin Ashǐnà mòjílián. Mojilan's brother Kul Tigin and Tonyukuk carried out a coup d'état against Inel Qaghan. They killed Inel Qaghan and made Mojilan a khagan with the name Bilge Qaghan.^[3] His name literally means "wise king".

Bilge's khaganate spanned vast steppes from the Caspian Sea to Manchuria; he also invaded the western sections of the Chinese territories. After his death from poisoning, several stelae were erected in the capital area by the Orkhon River. These Orkhon inscriptions are the first known texts in the Old Turkic language. He was poisoned by Buyruk Chor^[4] (梅錄啜/梅录啜, méilù chuò, mei-lu-ch'o). He didn't die immediately and he had time to punish the family of Buyruk Chor with death.^[3]

Sources

References

Encyclopædia Britannica, Micropaedia, Vol. II, pp16–17

Illustrations

The National Museum of Mongolian History: The early Turk Empire and the Uighurs

External links

Bilge Kagan Inscriptions complete text

Bilge Khagan Ashina Clan
Preceded by Inel Khagan	Khagan of the Second Eastern Turkic Khaganate 717–734	Succeeded by Yollıg Khagan

v t e Göktürks

Turkic Khaganate	Bumin Qaghan Issik Qaghan Muqan Qaghan Taspar Qaghan Ashina Anluo Ishbara Qaghan Bagha Qaghan Tulan Qaghan (Istämi) (Empress Ashina) (Apa Qaghan) (Tamgan) Tardu

Western Turkic Khaganate	Niri Qaghan Heshana Khan Sheguy Tong Yabghu Qaghan Külüg Sibir Irbis Bolun Cabgu Dulu Khan Ishbara Qaghan Yukuk Shad Irbis Seguy Hallig (Bagha Shad) (Böri Shad)

Eastern Turkic Khaganate	Yami Qaghan Shibi Qaghan Chulo Qaghan Illig Qaghan Qilibi Qaghan Chebi Qaghan Ashina Nishufu Ashina Funian (Ashina Jiesheshuai)

Second Turkic Khaganate	Kutluk Khagan Kapaghan Khagan Inel Khagan Bilge Khagan Yollıg Khagan Tengli Khagan Kutluk Yabgu Khagan Irterish Qaghan Özmiş Khagan (Kul Tigin) (Tonyukuk)

Göktürk culture	Ashina clan Tengriism Asena Ötüken Suyab Khagan Kurultai Yabgu Ishad Elteber Old Turkic language Old Turkic script Orkhon inscriptions Orkhon Valley Tang Dynasty Göktürks

Göktürk wars and treaties	Göktürk civil war Göktürk–Persian Wars(First, Second, Third) Taizong's Eastern Tujue campaign Xueyantuo Tang Western Tujue campaigns (Western Regions Karasahr Kucha Conquest) Ili River Treaty

Persondata
Name	Khagan, Bilge
Alternative names
Short description	Khan of Gokturk
Date of birth
Place of birth
Date of death	734
Place of death

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