Bhopali

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For the demonym, see Bhopal.
Hindustani classical music
Concepts
Genres
Thaats

Bhopali, also known as Bhoop, Bhoopali or Bhupali, is a Hindustani classical raga. It is a pentatonic scale (uses 5 notes in ascending and descending scale). Most of the songs in this raga are based on Bhakti rasa.

The same raga in Carnatic music is known as Mohanam.

Theory

Writing about the musical theory of Indian classical music is fraught with complications. There is no universally accepted set of rules or formal method of writing notations. However, the Bhatkhande and Paluskar paddhatis are the two ways of writing down musical notations. Indian music has always been more of an aural tradition, and written word has never been an essential part of imparting talim (training/knowledge).

Aroha & Avaroha

The scale of Bhopali uses only Shuddh swaras.

  • Aroha (ascent): Sa Re Ga Pa Dha Sa
  • Avaroha (descent): Sa Dha Pa Ga Re Sa

Vadi & Samavadi

  • Vadi

Gandhar - Ga (here-after G but not to be confused with note G of western music notations)

Dhaivat - Dha (here-after D but not to be confused with note D of western music notations)

Pakad & Chalan

The Pakad (catchphrase that often helps in identifying a raga) is:

S R G R S D1 S R G or: S R G R S D1 S R G P G D P G R S or: G R P G G R S R D1 S or: G R S D1 S R G R P G D P G R S Some chalans (elaborations of the pakad) are:

1. S R G R S D1 S R G
2. S R G R S D1 P1
3. P1 D1 S R G R G
4. S R P G
5. G R S R G P
6. G P D P D D S’
7. P G P D P D S’ R’ G’ R’ G’
8. G’ R’ S’ D P G R S

Note: Normally written swaras (individual notes) indicate the middle octave. A swara immediately followed by 1 indicates the mandra saptak (lower octave) and ' indicates the taar saptak (higher octave).

Bandish

This bandish is bound with Teentaal (16 beats).

1 2 3 4| 5 6 7 8|9 10 11 12|13 14 15 16|

ASTHAYI:

D2 S D2 P |G2 R2 S R2|

G2 _ G2 P |G2 R2 S _ |

S R2 G2 P |R2 G2 P D2|

G2 P D2 P |G2 R2 S _ |

ANTARA:

G2 _ G2 G2|P _ D2 P|

S' _ S'S'|D3 R3 S' _|

G3 G3 R3 S'|R3 R3 S' D3|

S' _ D2 P |G2 R2 S _|

The Asthayi starts with the 9th beat.

Organization & relationships

Raga Bhoopali belongs to the Kalyan Thaat.

Related ragas: Deshkar (a pentatonic raga belonging to the Bilawal Thaat with the same scale as Bhoopali)

Behavior

Behavior refers to practical aspects of the music. It is complicated to talk about this for Hindustani music since many of the concepts are fluid, changing, or archaic. The following information cannot be accurate, but it can attempt to reflect how the music existed.

Samay (Time)

Evening or Sandhya (First Prahar of Sandhya)

Seasonality

Certain ragas have seasonal associations.

Rasa

Bhakti Rasa (Devotional)

Historical Information

Origins

Important Recordings

E ri Aaj Bhaeelawa
Pratham sur saadhe (vilambit)

Jab Se Tumi San Lagali - Kishori Amonkar
Sahela Re - Kishori Amonkar

Film Songs based on Bhopali

Jyoti Kalash Chhalke (Hindi Film Bhabhi ki Choodiyan)
Ghanashyam sundara (Amar Bhopali - Marathi Song) Pankh hote to ud aati re

See also

References

Bor, Joep (ed). Rao, Suvarnalata; der Meer, Wim van; Harvey, Jane (co-authors) The Raga Guide: A Survey of 74 Hindustani Ragas. Zenith Media, London: 1999.

External links

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