Bhisho
| Bhisho | |
|---|---|
  Bhisho Bhisho shown within South Africa
| |
| Coordinates: 32°50′58″S 27°26′17″E / 32.84944°S 27.43806°ECoordinates: 32°50′58″S 27°26′17″E / 32.84944°S 27.43806°E | |
| Country | South Africa |
| Province | Eastern Cape |
| Municipality | Buffalo City |
| Area[1] | |
| • Total | 8.08 km2 (3.12 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 435 m (1,427 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 11,192 |
| • Density | 1,400/km2 (3,600/sq mi) |
| Racial makeup (2011)[1] | |
| • Black African | 98.3% |
| • Coloured | 1.0% |
| • Indian/Asian | 0.2% |
| • White | 0.2% |
| • Other | 0.2% |
| First languages (2011)[1] | |
| • Xhosa | 92.0% |
| • English | 4.0% |
| • Other | 4.1% |
| Postal code (street) | 6506 |
| PO box | 6506 |
| Area code | 040 |
Bhisho (formerly Bisho)[2] is the capital of the Eastern Cape Province in South Africa. The Provincial legislature and many other government departments are headquartered in the town.
Bhisho is the Xhosa word for buffalo, which is also the name of the river that runs through this town.
The town is part of the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality of the Eastern Cape, the urban agglomeration around East London.
History
Under its former name of Bisho, it was the capital of the former bantustan of Ciskei. Ciskei was nominally granted independence in 1981, although this was never recognised outside South Africa, and was reincorporated into South Africa on 12 August 1994. During its time as a bantustan capital, Bisho signed a sister-city agreement with the settlement of Ariel in the Israeli-occupied West Bank.[3]
On 7 September 1992, this small town became the scene of what is known as the Bisho massacre, when about 80–100,000 people marched on Bisho protesting for the dismantling of the Ciskei, which still maintained a measure of independence, and removal of Ciskei leader Brigadier Oupa Gqozo. The Ciskei Defence Force opened fire, shooting dead 28 or 29 people, and wounding 100. The massacre came at a critical time when negotiations towards democracy were underway.
On 16 July 2004, the town was officially renamed from Bisho to Bhisho.[4][5]
Climate
Köppen-Geiger climate classification system classifies its climate as cold semi-arid (BSh).
| Climate data for Bhisho | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average high °C (°F) | 26.4 (79.5) |
26.6 (79.9) |
25.5 (77.9) |
23.9 (75) |
22.1 (71.8) |
20.4 (68.7) |
20 (68) |
20.9 (69.6) |
21.7 (71.1) |
22.3 (72.1) |
23.5 (74.3) |
25.3 (77.5) |
23.22 (73.78) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 21.1 (70) |
21.3 (70.3) |
20.3 (68.5) |
18.2 (64.8) |
15.8 (60.4) |
13.9 (57) |
13.4 (56.1) |
14.2 (57.6) |
15.4 (59.7) |
16.7 (62.1) |
18.1 (64.6) |
19.8 (67.6) |
17.35 (63.23) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 15.8 (60.4) |
16.1 (61) |
15.1 (59.2) |
12.5 (54.5) |
9.6 (49.3) |
7.4 (45.3) |
6.9 (44.4) |
7.5 (45.5) |
9.2 (48.6) |
11.2 (52.2) |
12.8 (55) |
14.4 (57.9) |
11.54 (52.78) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 65 (2.56) |
71 (2.8) |
72 (2.83) |
43 (1.69) |
22 (0.87) |
19 (0.75) |
17 (0.67) |
28 (1.1) |
47 (1.85) |
80 (3.15) |
76 (2.99) |
70 (2.76) |
610 (24.02) |
| Source: Climate-Data.org[6] | |||||||||||||
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 "Main Place Bhisho". Census 2011.
- ↑ Jenkins, Elwyn (2007), Falling into place: the story of modern South African place names, David Philip Publishers, p. 75
- ↑ Sasha Polakow-Suransky, The Unspoken Alliance: Israel's Secret Relationship with Apartheid South Africa, (New York: Pantheon Books), 2010, p. 157.
- ↑ "Place Name Search". Department of Arts and Culture, South Africa. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
- ↑ "Old Place Names". Department of Arts and Culture, South Africa. Archived from the original on 6 February 2010. Retrieved 6 March 2012.
- ↑ "Climate: Bhisho - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 23 August 2013.
| |||||||||||
.svg.png)