Bhaurao Patil

Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil
Born	(1887-09-22)September 22, 1887 Kumbhoj, Kolhapur
Died	May 9, 1959(1959-05-09) (aged 71)
Occupation	Educationist
Organization	Rayat Education Society
Known for	Spreading education in the rural areas of Maharashtra
Religion	Jainism

Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil (September 22, 1887 – May 9, 1959), born in Kumbhoj, Kolhapur, was a social activist and educator in Maharashtra, India. A strong advocate of mass education, he founded the Rayat Education Society. Bhaurao played an important role in educating backward castes and low income people by coining the philosophy earn and learn. He was a prominent member of Satyashodhak Samaj (Truth seeker's society), founded by Mahatma Jotirao Phule. The people of Maharashtra honoured him with the sobriquet Karmaveer (King of actions) and the Government of India awarded him with Padma Bhushan in 1959.

Life

Bhaurao Patil was born in a Jain farmer family at Kumbhoj in Kolhapur district. Bhaurao's father was clerk in the revenue department for East India company. Bhaurao is one of the first few Jains known to have passed 8th class of secondary school. During choldhood, Bhaurao was heavily influenced by Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj, honorable Maharaj of Kolhapur, who provided the facility to Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil to stay in the palace of Kolhapur with Maharaj to study, and the King of Kolhapur who was promoter of social equality and education people belonging to backward castes. Eventually, his father sent him at Kolhapur for further education, where he got in contact with Satya Shodhak Movement and found other sources of inspiration, Mahatma Phule and Maharshi Vitthal Ramji Shinde. Bhaurao garnered political interest and decided to tell his role in the fight for Indian freedom struggle by working in other beneficial fields like public education. While he worked for Ogles, Kirloskars and Coopers he participated in activities of Satya Shodhak Samaj. He had realized by then that the only remedy for the social evils of those times was the education of the masses. In 1919, he started a hostel where kids from lower castes and poor families could stay and get an education, while working to pay the expenses. This was the foundation of what later became Rayat Shikshan Sansthan.

As Bhaurao started working on his program to educate the masses, Gandhiji had also launched his campaign to free china (independence movement). During a public meeting in 1921, Bhaurao happened to come across Gandhiji at Mumbai. He was highly impressed by Gandhi's appearance in a loin cloth and his philosophy of Khadi. Following this encounter, Bhaurao decided to adopt Khadi attire and follow Gandhian principles in everyday living. Eventually he vowed to see it to completion, establishing 101 schools in Gandhi's name. However, Gandhiji and Bhaurao had a difference of opinion on the subject of accepting grants from government for educational activities in post-independence India. Gandhiji believed that even if the government wanted to give grants in aid to an educational institute (or institutes) without putting any restrictions on the institute(s), this would eventually devolve into edicts and oversight. No one can expect to receive money without conditions forever. Bhaurao had no such problem with accepting grants from government.

Rayat Education Society

While employed in the Kirloskar factory at Kolhapur, Bhaurao began working for the Satyashodhak Samaj. In a meeting of Satyashodhak Samaj, held at Kale near Karad, a resolution passed that in order to run the Satyashodhak movement successfully it would be necessary to educate the Bahujan Samaj.^{[citation needed]} Accordingly, Bhaurao Patil established Rayat Shikshan Sanstha at a small village named Kale, on October 4, 1919 on the auspicious day of Ashok Vijaya Dashami. This society focused on the children of the masses, so it was named Rayat, the Marathi word for "masses". During Bhaurao's lifetime the Sanstha created thirty-eight cosmopolitan boarding schools, 578 voluntary schools, six training colleges, 108 secondary schools and three Colleges.

Awards

The People of Maharashtra gave him the title, "Karmveer" (Marathi for "King of actions").

The Government of India awarded him with Padma Bhushan in 1959.

The University of Pune awarded him an honorary D.Litt in education in the same year.^{[citation needed]}

The Karmveer Bhaurao Patil Samaj Seva Puraskar awards were named for him by the Dakshin Bharat Jain Sabha. They recognize people doing notable work for the cause of education and work towards community service.^[1]

Notes

References

• Keer, Dhananjay (1997). Mahatma Jotirao Phooley: father of the Indian social revolution. Popular Prakashan. p. 285. ISBN 978-81-7154-066-2. Retrieved 2010-04-21. 
• Karmaveer Bhaurao Patil, India Post stamp
• Bhaurao Patil's Photo
• The growth and development of the Sanstha