Bertram Raphael
| Bertram Raphael | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born |
November 16, 1936 New York |
| Residence | United States |
| Fields | Artificial intelligence |
| Institutions | SRI International |
| Alma mater |
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
| Doctoral advisor | Marvin Minsky |
Bertram Raphael (born 1936) is an American computer scientist known for his contributions to artificial intelligence.[1]
Early life and education
Raphael was born in 1936 in New York. He received his bachelor's degree in physics from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1957. He was a student of Marvin Minsky at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and received his PhD in mathematics in 1964.[1][2]
Career
Raphael started at SRI International in 1964 as a consultant. After completing his Ph.D. at MIT, he was at the University of California, Berkeley for an academic year, and subsequently joined SRI full time in April 1965.[2] He was a long-time member of SRI's Artificial Intelligence Center, and was its director from 1970 to 1973.[1] While at SRI, he helped invent the A* search algorithm and develop Shakey the robot, which was one of the first projects sponsored by DARPA; Raphael directed work on Shakey from 1970 to 1971.[1][3] He also co-founded the Journal of Artificial Intelligence.[1]
In 1976 he sold the NLS technology developed by the Augmentation Research Center (ARC), led by Douglas Engelbart, to Tymshare.
He was a Senior Fulbright Lecturer in Vienna during 1973 and 1974.
Selected publications
- Books
- The Thinking Computer: Mind Inside Matter (W.H. Freeman & Company, 1976)
- Dissertation
- SIR (Semantic Information Retrieval program) on the logical representation of knowledge for question-answering systems (MIT, 1964)[4]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "Oral History: Bertram Raphael". IEEE Global History Network. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. Retrieved 2012-02-25.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nilsson, Nils J. (2010). The Quest for Artificial Intelligence: A History of Ideas and Achievements. Stanford University.
- ↑ "Dr Bertram Raphael". Artificial Intelligence Center. Retrieved 2012-02-24.
- ↑ ftp://publications.ai.mit.edu/ai-publications/pdf/AITR-220.pdf
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