Bernard Fellay

Bernard Fellay SSPX
Superior General of the Society of St. Pius X
Elected	July 1994
Orders
Ordination	29 June 1982 by Marcel Lefebvre
Consecration	30 June 1988 by Marcel Lefebvre
Personal details
Born	(1958-04-12) 12 April 1958 Sierre, Switzerland
Nationality	Swiss
Denomination	Roman Catholic
Alma mater	The International Seminary of Saint Pius X
Motto	spes nostra
Coat of arms

Bernard Fellay SSPX (born 12 April 1958) is a Roman Catholic bishop and superior general of the Traditionalist Catholic Society of Saint Pius X. In 1988, the Roman Catholic Church declared Fellay automatically excommunicated through being consecrated a bishop by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, an act that the Holy See described as "unlawful" and "schismatic".^[1]

In January 2009, at Fellay's request,^[2] the Congregation for Bishops, on instructions from Pope Benedict XVI, rescinded the excommunication.^[3] Pope Benedict followed up this gesture by stressing that the Society of Pope Pius X has no canonical status in the Church and its ministers do not legitimately exercise any ministry in the Church.^[4]

Early life and ministry

Fellay was born in Sierre, Switzerland in 1958. In October 1977, at the age of nineteen, Fellay began studies for the priesthood at the International Seminary of Saint Pius X at Écône, Switzerland. On 29 June 1982 he was ordained a priest by Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre. After his ordination, he was named Bursar General of the SSPX and was stationed at Rickenbach, the headquarters of the SSPX in Switzerland. He continued in that position for the next ten years.

Consecration and excommunication

Coat of Arms of Mgr. Fellay

In June 1988 Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre announced his intention to consecrate Fellay and three other priests as bishops. Lefebvre did not have a pontifical mandate for these consecrations (i.e. permission from the pope), normally required by Canon 1382 of the Code of Canon Law. On 17 June 1988 Cardinal Bernardin Gantin, prefect of the Congregation for Bishops sent Fellay a formal canonical warning that he would automatically incur the penalty of excommunication if he were ordained by Lefebvre without papal permission.

On 30 June 1988 Fellay and the three other priests were consecrated bishop by Archbishop Lefebvre. On 1 July 1988 Cardinal Gantin issued a declaration stating that Lefebvre, Fellay, and the three other newly-ordained bishops "have incurred ipso facto the excommunication latae sententiae reserved to the Apostolic See".

On 2 July 1988, Pope John Paul II issued the motu proprio Ecclesia Dei, in which he reaffirmed the excommunication, and described the consecration as an act of "disobedience to the Roman pontiff in a very grave matter and of supreme importance for the unity of the Church", and that "such disobedience — which implies in practice the rejection of the Roman primacy — constitutes a schismatic act".^[5] Cardinal Darío Castrillón Hoyos, head of the commission responsible for implementing Ecclesia Dei, has said this resulted in a "situation of separation, even if it was not a formal schism".^[6]

Fellay and his supporters denied the validity of the excommunication, saying that the consecrations were necessary due to a moral and theological crisis in the Catholic Church.^[7][8][9]

SSPX Superior General

In July 1994 the General Chapter of the SSPX met at Écône and elected Fellay Superior General in succession to Father Franz Schmidberger. On 12 July 2006, he was re-elected to another twelve-year term, which expires in 2018. Some opponents of the SSPX, most notably the French ultra-traditionalist web sites Virgo-Maria, Resistance-Catholique, and the TRADITIO Network, have criticized the 12-year terms as too long, noting that other religious orders have 4-year terms.^{[citation needed]}

On 29 August 2005 Fellay was received in audience by Pope Benedict XVI at Castel Gandolfo.^[10] The audience was also attended by Cardinal Castrillón Hoyos and Father Schmidberger. They discussed the present state of the Church and of the SSPX, the Society's concerns about Modernism in the Church, the re-allowance of the Tridentine Mass, and the possible recognition of the SSPX by the Holy See.

By a decree of 21 January 2009 (Protocol Number 126/2009), which was issued in response to a renewed request that Bishop Fellay made on behalf of all four bishops whom Lefebvre had consecrated on 30 June 1988, the Prefect of the Congregation for Bishops, by the power expressly granted to him by Pope Benedict XVI, remitted the automatic excommunication that they had thereby incurred, and expressed the wish that this would be followed speedily by full communion of the whole of the Society of Saint Pius X with the Church, thus bearing witness, by the proof of visible unity, to true loyalty and true recognition of the Pope's Magisterium and authority.^[3] The canonical situation of the four bishops thus became the same as that of the other clergy of the Society, who are suspended a divinis.^[11]

The remissions have not been unanimously welcomed by all members of the SSPX. Fr. Florian Abrahamowicz, a SSPX's dean of Northeastern Italy, called the action "insulting," since it claimed to remit an excommunication of these four bishops that the Society had officially maintained since 1988 did not exist.^[12] Abrahamowicz was very soon expelled by the Italian chapter of the Society of Saint Pius X, whether for this reason or his Holocaust-related remarks.^[13]

Cardinal Antonio Cañizares Llovera, Prefect of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, has reported Fellay as declaring that, if Archbishop Lefebvre had seen how Mass is celebrated in an abbey near Florence in strict accordance with the 1970 Missal, he would not have taken the step that he did take.^[14]

Speaking in relation to the talks with Rome in an interview in July 2009, Fellay said of the significance of the Second Vatican Council that: "'We will not make any compromise on the Council. I have no intention of making a compromise. The truth does not tolerate compromise. We do not want a compromise, we want clarity regarding the Council.'" In February 2011, Fellay said that the reconciliation talks with the Vatican would soon be coming to an end, with little change in the views of either side. In addition to disputes over the changes introduced by the Second Vatican Council, new problems have been created by plans for the beatification of Pope John Paul II. Fellay said the scheduled beatification of Pope John Paul II on 1 May 2011 posed "a serious problem, the problem of a pontificate that caused things to proceed by leaps and bounds in the wrong direction, along 'progressive' lines, toward everything that they call 'the spirit of Vatican II.'"^[15] Bishop Williamson attacked him for being too open to dialogue between the Society of St. Pius X and the Holy See, as in Williamson's weekly message of 26 May 2012.^[16] However, on 12 October 2013, Fellay himself declared, "We thank God, we have been preserved from any kind of agreement from last year", and said that the society had withdrawn the compromise text that it presented to Rome on 15 April 2012.^[17]

On the same occasion he spoke of the Third Secret of Fatima as seemingly foretelling "both a material chastisement and a great crisis in the Church", and described Pope Francis as "a genuine Modernist", who in late July 2013 had began a series of contacts regarding which Fellay said: "We may not have the entire picture at this point, we have enough to be scared to death."^[17]

On December 28, 2012, in a radio interview aired from Our Lady of Mount Carmel Chapel in New Hamburg, Ontario, Canada, Bishop Fellay declared that Jews, the Freemasons and the Modernists are "enemies of the Church". His exact statement was “Who, during that time, was the most opposed that the Church would recognize the Society? The enemies of the Church. The Jews, the Masons, the Modernists…” This statement was misunderstood by various media entities to be an attack on the Jewish people^[18] However, the Society of St. Pius X issued the following clarification: "The word 'enemies' used here by Bishop Fellay is of course a religious concept and refers to any group or religious sect which opposes the mission of the Catholic Church and her efforts to fulfill it: the salvation of souls. ... By referring to the Jews, Bishop Fellay's comment was aimed at the leaders of Jewish organizations, and not the Jewish people, as is being implied by journalists. Accordingly the Society of St. Pius X denounces the repeated false accusations of anti-Semitism or hate speech made in an attempt to silence its message."^[19]

References

External links

• Writings of Bishop Fellay
• Society of Pope St. Pius X
• Catholic World News Article: SSPX leader rejects hopes for reconciliation with Rome