Bedaquiline
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|---|---|
| Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
| (1R,2S)-1-(6-Bromo-2-methoxy-3-quinolyl)-4-dimethylamino-2-(1-naphthyl)-1-phenyl-butan-2-ol | |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Sirturo |
| Licence data | US FDA:link |
| Pregnancy cat. | B (US) |
| Legal status | ℞-only (US) |
| Routes | Oral |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 654653-81-3 |
| ATC code | J04AK05 |
| PubChem | CID 5388906 |
| ChemSpider | 4534966 |
| UNII | 78846I289Y |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:72292  |
| Synonyms | TMC207; R207910; AIDS222089 |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C32H31BrN2O2 |
| Mol. mass | 555.5 g/mol |
| SMILES
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Bedaquiline (trade name Sirturo, code names TMC207 and R207910) is a diarylquinoline anti-tuberculosis drug, which was discovered by a team led by Koen Andries at Janssen Pharmaceutica.[1] It is the first new medicine to fight TB in more than forty years,[2][3] and is specifically approved to treat multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Mode of action
Bedaquiline affects the proton pump for ATP synthase. This mechanism is unlike that of the quinolones, whose target is DNA gyrase.[4]
Clinical trials and approval
Bedaquiline was described for the first time in 2004 at the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy (ICAAC) meeting, after the drug had been in development for over seven years.[5]
One of the first published trials of Bedaquiline was a Phase II trial of 47 patients, which showed that the drug was effective in reducing the time to TB-free sputum cultures.[6] A subsequent phase II efficacy trial was published in 2010 and sponsored by Tibotec and the TB Alliance.[7]
It is manufactured by Johnson & Johnson (J&J), who sought accelerated approval of the drug, a type of temporary approval for diseases lacking other viable treatment options.[8] By gaining approval for a drug that treats a neglected disease, J&J is now able to request expedited FDA review of a future drug.[9]
It was formally approved for use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in tuberculosis (TB) treatment, as part of a fast-track approval for use only in cases of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis, and the more resistant extensively drug resistant tuberculosis.
There is some controversy over the approval for the drug, as the FDA's ruling was based on a surrogate outcome (sputum cultures) as opposed to patient deaths. In the clinical trials used for approval, the patients taking bedaquiline were more likely to die, even though they had resolution of TB based on sputum cultures.[10]
Adverse effects
The most common side effects of bedaquiline in studies were nausea, joint and chest pain, and headache. The drug also has a black-box warning for arrhythmias, as it may induce long QT syndrome by blocking the hERG channel.[11]
References
- ↑ de Jonge MR, Koymans LH, Guillemont JE, Koul A, Andries K (June 2007). "A computational model of the inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ATPase by a new drug candidate R207910". Proteins 67 (4): 971–80. doi:10.1002/prot.21376. PMID 17387738.
- ↑ "FDA Approves 1st New Tuberculosis Drug in 40 Years". ABC News. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
- ↑ "F.D.A. Approves New Tuberculosis Drug". New York Times. Retrieved 31 December 2012.
- ↑ Kotz J (June 2005). "Targeting tuberculosis". Nature Chemical Biology. doi:10.1038/nchembio002.
- ↑ Protopopova M, Bogatcheva E, Nikonenko B, Hundert S, Einck L, Nacy CA (May 2007). "In search of new cures for tuberculosis". Med Chem 3 (3): 301–16. doi:10.2174/157340607780620626. PMID 17504204.
- ↑ Diacon AH, Pym A, Grobusch M, Patientia R, Rustomjee R, Page-Shipp L, Pistorius C, Krause R, Bogoshi M, Churchyard G, Venter A, Allen J, Palomino JC, De Marez T, van Heeswijk RP, Lounis N, Meyvisch P, Verbeeck J, Parys W, de Beule K, Andries K, Mc Neeley DF (June 2009). "The Diarylquinoline TMC207 for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis". N. Engl. J. Med. 360 (23): 2397–2405. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa0808427. PMID 19494215.
- ↑ Matteelli A, Carvalho AC, Dooley KE, Kritski A (June 2010). "TMC207: the first compound of a new class of potent anti-tuberculosis drugs". Future Microbiol 5 (6): 849–58. doi:10.2217/fmb.10.50. PMC 2921705. PMID 20521931.
- ↑ Walker, Joseph; Tadena, Nathalie (December 31, 2012). "J&J Tuberculosis Drug Gets Fast-Track Clearance". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
- ↑ Edney, Anna (December 31, 2012). "J&J&J Sirturo Wins FDA Approval to Treat Drug-Resistant TB". Bloomberg. Retrieved 2013-01-01.
- ↑ Avorn, J. (2013). "Approval of a Tuberculosis Drug Based on a Paradoxical Surrogate Measure". JAMA 309 (13): 1349–1350. doi:10.1001/jama.2013.623. PMID 23430122.
- ↑ Drugs.com: Sirturo Side Effects
See also
- Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB)
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