Batkivshchyna

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All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland" ("Batkivshchyna")
Всеукраїнське об'єднання "Батьківщина"
Leader Yulia Tymoshenko[2][3]
First Deputy Oleksandr Turchynov[3]
Parliamentary leader Arseniy Yatsenyuk[4]
Slogan We Will Stop Them (2012 Elections), Many Parties, One Batkivshchyna (2012)'[5]
Founded 9 July 1999[6]
Headquarters Kiev
Youth wing The young activists of Batkivschyna[7]
Ideology Liberal conservatism[8]
Moderate conservatism[9]
Pro-Europeanism[8]
Populism[10]
Political position Centre-right[11]
International affiliation International Democrat Union (observer status)[12]
European affiliation European People's Party (observer status)[13][14]
Colours Crimson
Seats in Verkhovna Rada
90 / 450
[15]
Regions (2010)
351 / 3,056
[16]
Website
http://byut.com.ua/
Politics of Ukraine
Political parties
Elections

Batkivshchyna or the All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland" (Ukrainian: Всеукраїнське об'єднання "Батьківщина", Vseukrayins'ke Obyednannya Bat’kivshchyna) is a political party in Ukraine, led by Yulia Tymoshenko.[2]

As the core party of the former Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc, Batkivshchyna has had representation in the Verkhovna Rada (Ukraine's parliament) since Yulia Tymoshenko set up the parliamentary faction Batkivshchyna in March 1999.[17][18][19] After the November 2011 banning of the participation of blocs of political parties in parliamentary elections[20] "Fatherland" became a major force in Ukrainian politics independently.[21] In the 2012 parliamentary elections the party also added the name "United Opposition" to its name and it aligning several other parties under its banner during this election in which it won 101 parliamentary seats.[21][22][23] In June 2013 several of these parties merged with Batkivshchyna.[24] On 31 December 2013 the parties parliamentary faction was 90 votes strong.[15]

Party leader Yulia Tymoshenko was sentenced to seven years in jail in October 2011 on abuse of power charges; she is currently being held in Kharkiv.[2][25]

History

Early history

The political organisation was at first established in 1995 as the All-Ukrainian Citizen Association "Union of Peaceful Forces "Fatherland" by Volodymyr Prisnyakov, a rector of the Dnipropetrovsk National University.[19] The citizen association was reorganized into a party on 9 July 1999 by former members of Hromada.[19] In the spring of 1999 faction members of Hromada had left the party to join other parliament factions (on 14 September 1998 the General Prosecutor of Ukraine had instigated a criminal case for embezzlement against the party leader of Hromada Pavlo Lazarenko[17]), among them Yulia Tymoshenko who did set up the parliamentary faction Batkivshchyna in March 1999.[17][18][19] (Tymoshenko was originally elected during the 1998 parliamentary elections in the Ukrainian parliament on the party list of Hromada[26]) On 16 September 1999 the party was registered at the Ukrainian Ministry of Justice.[19][27] The first party chairman was elected Viktor Drachenko who used to be a secretary of the Communist Party (Bolsheviks) of Ukraine in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast.[19] At the second party congress on 18 December 1999, the chair was given to Tymoshenko.[19]

After Tymoshenko was elected as Deputy Prime Minister in the Yushchenko-led government, the party at first was considered "conditionally pro-presidential" and "leftist".[19][28][29] In 2000 "Fatherland" went in opposition to President Kuchma.[30] And it started to attract the voters who had voted for Yevhen Marchuk in the October 1999 presidential election.[30] After Tymoshenko was arrested in February 2001, Fatherland moved solidly to the opposition and joint the citizen action Ukraine without Kuchma.[31] The party also was active in creation of the National Salvation Committee which just before the next parliamentary elections laid the groundwork for creation of the Yulia Tymoshenko Electoral Bloc alliance.[31]

In December 2001 the Ukrainian Conservative Republican Party was merged into the party.[32]

Core party of Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc

Main article: Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc

At the 2002 parliamentary elections, the party was the main constituent part of the Yulia Tymoshenko Electoral Bloc alliance.[27] The bloc obtained 22 seats in the parliament, all on the party list. Thirteen of them were allocated to "Fatherland".

In January 2005 Tymoshenko became Prime Minister of Ukraine under Viktor Yushchenko's presidency.[33][34] The months before Tymoshenko had been one of the leaders of the Orange Revolution that had made possible Yushchenko's presidency.[33][35]

After it had lost a few seats in the years 2002 and 2003; in September 2005 the parliamentary faction of the Bloc had grown to 40 members.[36]

In March 2005 the Yabluko party was self-liquidated and merged into Batkivshchyna.[19] But in March 2007 this merge was omitted and Yabluko was renamed it Party of Free Democrats.[19] Late 2005 the party "United Ukraine" dissolve itself and merged (also) into Batkivshchyna.[19]

During the 2006 and 2007 parliamentary elections the party also took part in the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc,[27] which won 129 out of 450 seats in 2006 (22.29% of the total votes) and 156 out of 450 seats (30.71% of the total votes) in 2007.[27]

Yulia Tymoshenko at a March 2011 congress of the European People's Party

On 18 December 2007 Yulia Tymoshenko, with a margin of two votes, was elected Prime Minister again in an Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc and Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc a majority coalition.[37][38]

Since 2008 the Party has the status of "Observer Member" in the European People's Party.[14]

After Tymoshenko's second Tymoshenko Government fell 3 March 2010 the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc moved into opposition.[39]

During the 2010 Ukrainian local elections the party (political blocs were not permitted to compete in the election[40][41]) was defeated by rivals Party of Regions in almost all Ukrainian regions, although it remained the main opposition force.[42] The party won representative in 19 of the 24 regional parliaments, it did not win seats in the Supreme Council of Crimea.[43] In Lviv Oblast and Kiev Oblast as well as in Ternopil the party did not participate in the elections cause it was unable to register their candidates; Yulia Tymoshenko claimed that "fraudulent Batkivshchyna party organisations were registered on orders from Viktor Yanukovych".[44][45][46]

"United Opposition" during the 2012 parliamentary elections

On 16 November 2010 the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc faction in the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament) was officially renamed “Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko-Batkivschyna”.[47]

Party leader Tymoshenko was sentenced to seven years in jail in October 2011 on abuse of power charges.[2][25]

On 17 November 2011 the participation of blocs of political parties in parliamentary elections was banned.[20]

In December 2011 The partie and "People's Self-Defense" announced that "People's Self-Defense" will be merged into "Fatherland".[48][49] This process started late December 2011; first deputy head of the party Oleksandr Turchynov stated on 28 December 2011 "I believe that other political forces will join in".[50]

"Fatherland", former Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc member Reforms and Order Party and People's Movement of Ukraine announced their intention to compete one single party list during the 2012 parliamentary elections in March 2012.[51] On 7 April 2012 Arseniy Yatsenyuk announced his party Front of Changes will join them on this (single) party list.[52]

In July 2012 the party agreed with All-Ukrainian Union "Svoboda" on the distribution of the candidates in single-seat constituencies in the 2012 parliamentary elections.[54] Two weeks before the (28 October) election the party withdrew 26 parliamentary candidates in favor of UDAR and UDAR withdrew 26 of its candidates running in single-member constituencies in favour of "Fatherland" candidates in an attempt to maximise votes for the opposition.[55]

Results in the 2012 elections

In the election "Fatherland" was de-facto an "umbrella" party which election list included members of Reforms and Order Party, People's Movement of Ukraine, Front of Changes, For Ukraine, People's Self-Defense, Civil Position and Social Christian Party.[56][57][58][59] In July 2012 members of the Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People joined this list.[60] This list named themselves: United Opposition “Fatherland”.[60] Front for Change leader Arseniy Yatsenyuk headed this election list; because "Fatherland"-leader Yulia Tymoshenko was imprisoned.[23][53] During the election the list won 62 seats and 25.55% of the votes under the proportional party-list system (falling from 30.71% in 2007 for the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc[27]) and another 39 by winning 39 simple-majority constituencies (it had competed in 152 of the 225 constituencies[61]); this sum gave them a total of 101 seats and 22.67% of the 450 seats in the Ukrainian Parliament.[62] The party did lost about 2 million voters compared with the results of the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc in the previous election.[21] On 12 December 2012 (father and son) Oleksandr Tabalov and Andriy Tabalov (although elected into parliament on party-lists of "Fatherland") did not join the parliamentary faction of "Fatherland"[63] (they did not join any faction[64]). Yatsenyuk was elected leader of this parliamentary faction (also) on 12 December 2012.[4] On 19 October 2012 the party and "Svoboda" signed an agreement "on the creation of a coalition of democratic forces in the new parliament".[65] The party is also coordinating its parliamentary activities with Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform (UDAR).[66]

Early April 2013 4 lawmakers left the parties faction in parliament (in protest against Yatsenyuk's style of leadership) and Roman Stadniychuk was forced to replace Serhiy Vlasenko's parliamentary mandate.[67][68]

In May 2013 Batkivshchyna, UDAR and "Svoboda" vowed to coordinate their actions during the 2015 Ukrainian presidential election.[69]

On 6 June 2012 Vyacheslav Kutovy and Volodymyr Kupchak left the parties faction in parliament;[70] According to Kupchak he had received psychical treats from faction leader Yatsenyuk and the party had "betrayed Yulia Tymoshenko, who had requested the stop the protest movement Rise up, Ukraine!".[71]

Unification of 2013

Per December 2012 the parties who allignated with Batkivshchyna in the 2012 parliamentary elections and Batkivshchyna where considering the formation of a single party.[72]

On 15 June 2013 Reforms and Order Party and Front for Change merged into the party.[73] A part of People’s Movement of Ukraine (including its former chairman Borys Tarasyuk[74]) also merged (the rest of this party had merged with Ukrainian People's Party in May 2013[75]).[24] During the (same) congress the party also approved the decision to nominate Tymoshenko as its candidate in the 2015 Ukrainian presidential election.[3]

On 4 July 2013 the Batkivshchyna faction expelled Vasyl Kravchuk "for betraying the interests of the people and the systematic violation of decisions of the faction".[76]

Ideology and stances

Batkivshchyna has an eclectic ideology;[77] the party stated it advocates "European values" and "a high level of living for people".[78][79]

The party wants to simplify procedures for opening and closing of businesses.[80] It also wants to "establish a new minimum wage and will raise wages and pensions and lower taxes" and it wants to limit the kinds of taxes to seven and simplify the methods of payment and "minimise the possibility of tax evasion through offshore companies".[80] It also wants to create "public non-profit construction company that will build affordable housing".[80]

The party wants a campaign against corruption.[80] It advocates an “anti-corruption lustration” whereby state officials’ expenses and property values are compared with their tax declarations.[81] If there is a discrepancy, the officials will be criminally charged and banned from public office.[81] It wants to establish a "National Anti-Corruption Bureau" modeled on the FBI (an idea that has circulated in Ukraine since the late 1990s).[81] The party believes that what has been “stolen” through corrupt tenders and insider privatizations should be returned to the state budget.[81] Organizing election fraud will be criminally liable[81] and voting in parliament for absent lawmakers punishable.[81]

According to the party, only citizens of Ukraine will have the right to private ownership of land, but "high concentration of land in one hand" will not be allowed.[80]

The party sees Ukrainian membership in the European Union (EU) as a strategic goal[79][80] and wants to "cancel humiliating visa regimes" and a visa-free travel for Ukrainians to the EU.[80] It would like to see "a mutually beneficial and equitable agreement on the establishment of free trade with Russia".[80] In June 2013 the parties parliamentary faction voted for the denunciation of the 2010 Ukrainian–Russian Naval Base for Natural Gas treaty[nb 1].[82] The parties 2012 elction program did not mention NATO.[81]

The party wants to prosecute "Law enforcement involved in political repression"[81] and to impeach current Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych and his “anti-people regime” to "return Ukraine to the path of European integration".[81]

The party tries to reverse the Azarov Government policy of raising the status of the Russian language.[78]

The party is in favor of party-list proportional representation elections with open lists.[80][81][83] And Citizens' Initiative's after 50, 000 signatures are collected.[80] The party also wants to empower local governance.[80]

Government grants should be awarded to graduates who successfully passed testing for studies at Ukrainian universities.[80]

The basis of Ukraine's health system will be mandatory health insertion and the gradual development of voluntary health insurance by employers.[80]

The party wants to introduce jury trials into the Ukrainian law system and wants to "depoliticise" the process of appointment of judges.[80] It also wants an independent judiciary that will increase the role of the Supreme Court of Ukraine.[81] The Constitutional Court of Ukraine, “which has compromised itself with decisions that were ordered (by the Yanukovych administration),” should be liquidated.[81] The criminal code be "Europeanized" and law enforcement brought under civil control.[81]

The party wants to improve human rights in Ukraine.[79][80]

The party believes that the Holodomor was genocide of the Ukrainian nation.[79]

Associated and merged parties

Associated in electoral block

Merged

Elections

Parliamentary since 2002
(year links to election page)
Year Block Votes % Mandates (const.)
2002
Tymoshenko Bloc
1,895,413
7.50
22 (0)
2006
Tymoshenko Bloc
5,652,876
22.29
129 (0)
2007
Tymoshenko Bloc
7,162,193
30.71
156 (0)
2012
5,209,090
25.54
62 (39)
Date Party leader Remarks
1999 Ivan Drachenko
1999–present Yulia Tymoshenko


Notes

  1. ↑ In June 2013 Ukraine’s First Deputy Foreign Minister Ruslan Demchenko stated a unilateral denunciation of the 2010 Ukrainian–Russian Naval Base for Natural Gas treaty was not possible from a legal point of view.[1]

References

  1. ↑ Kyiv cannot denounce Kharkiv accords unilaterally, says Foreign Ministry, Interfax-Ukraine (19 June 2013)
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Tomenko:Batkivschyna not planning to change its leader Tymoshenko, Kyiv Post (4 December 2012)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Batkivschyna to nominate Tymoshenko for presidency, Yatseniuk heads party’s political council, Interfax-Ukraine (14 June 2013)
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Five factions, including Communist Party, registered in parliament, Kyiv Post (12 December 2012)
  5. ↑ Homepage of the official website of the party
  6. ↑ (Ukrainian) Official Website
  7. ↑ Young opposition activists stage rally to celebrate resignation of Azarov's government, Kyiv Post (5 December 2012)
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Nordsieck, Wolfram, "Ukraine", Parties and Elections in Europe, retrieved 5 November 2012 
  9. ↑ Day, Alan (2002), A Political and Economic Dictionary of Eastern Europe (First ed.), Cambridge International Reference on Current Affairs, p. 212 
  10. ↑ Kuzio, Taras (2006), "Kravchuk to the Orange Revolution: The Victory of Civic Nationalism in Post-Soviet Ukraine", After Independence: Making and Protecting the Nation in Postcolonial and Postcommunist States (University of Michigan Press): 204 
  11. ↑ Kuzio, Taras (2011), "Ukraine: Muddling Along", Central and East European Politics: From Communism to Democracy (Rowman & Littlefield): 359 
  12. ↑ "International Democrat Union". IDU. Retrieved 2013-08-27. 
  13. ↑ "Gasprinsessen, mumien og den faldne helt - Verden". Berlingske.dk. Retrieved 2013-08-27. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 (Ukrainian) Європейська народна партія взяла до себе "УДАР" і виключила "Нашу Україну" European People's Party took a "hit" and excluded "Our Ukraine", Ukrayinska Pravda (6 September 2013)
    Member Parties, European People's Party
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 (Ukrainian) Депутатські фракції і групи VII скликання Deputy fractions and Groups VII convocation, Verkhovna Rada
  16. ↑ (Ukrainian) Results of elections, Central Election Commission
  17. ↑ 17.0 17.1 17.2 Revolution in Orange: The Origins of Ukraine's Democratic Breakthrough by Anders Aslund and Michael A. McFaul, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2006, ISBN 978-0-87003-221-9
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 State Building in Ukraine: The Ukrainian Parliament, 1990-2003 by Sarah Whitmore, Routledge, 2004, ISBN 978-0-415-33195-1, page 106
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 19.5 19.6 19.7 19.8 19.9 19.10 (Ukrainian) Всеукраїнське об'єднання "Батьківщина" All-Ukrainian Union Batkivshchyna, RBC Ukraine
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 Parliament passes law on parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (17 November 2011)
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 After the parliamentary elections in Ukraine: a tough victory for the Party of Regions, Centre for Eastern Studies (7 November 2012)
  22. ↑ Party of Regions gets 185 seats in Ukrainian parliament, Batkivschyna 101 - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (12 November 2012)
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 They Call Themselves the Opposition, The Ukrainian Week (31 August 2012)
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 Batkivschyna, Front for Change, Reform and Order Party, part of NRU unite for victory – Tymoshenko’s address to congress, Interfax-Ukraine (15 June 2013)
    Tymoshenko re-elected Batkivshchyna leader, Yatseniuk council chair, Ukrinform (15 June 2013)
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 Yulia Tymoshenko ends hunger strike after hospital move, BBC News (9 May 2012)
  26. ↑ Biography of Yulia Tymoshenko leader of BYUT, Ukraine, Official website of Yulia Tymoshenko
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 27.2 27.3 27.4 (Ukrainian) Всеукраїнське об'єднання „Батьківщина“, Database DATA
  28. ↑ Problems with Economic Transformation in Ukraine, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (23 June 1999)
  29. ↑ Understanding Ukrainian Politics: Power, Politics, And Institutional Design by Paul D'Anieri, M.E. Sharpe, 2006, ISBN 0-7656-1811-7 (page 117)
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Democratic Revolution in Ukraine: From Kuchmagate to Orange Revolution by Taras Kuzio, Routledge, 2009, ISBN 0415441412 (chapter 4)
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Europa World Year Book 2, Routledge, 2004, ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8, p. 4295
  32. ↑ (Ukrainian) У "Батьківщину" "влилася" перша партія In "Motherland" "joined" the first party, Ukrayinska Pravda (12 December 2001)
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Ukraine's Gold-Plaited Comeback Kid, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (23 September 2008)
  34. ↑ Laws of Ukraine. Presidential decree No. 144/2005: On the recognition of Y. Tymoshenko as the Prime Minister of Ukraine. Passed on 4 February 2004. (Ukrainian)
  35. ↑ Profile: Viktor Yushchenko, BBC News
  36. ↑ Virtual Politics - Faking Democracy in the Post-Soviet World, Andrew Wilson, Yale University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-300-09545-7
    Ukraine on Its Meandering Path Between East and West by Andrej Lushnycky and Mykola Riabchuk, Peter Lang, 2009, ISBN 303911607X
    Ukraine at the Crossroads: Velvet Revolution or Belarusification by Olexiy Haran, National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy, October 2002
  37. ↑ "Youtube". Youtube: Yulia Tymoshenko elected Prime-Minister (in Ukrainian). 18 December 2007. Retrieved 18 December 2007. 
  38. ↑ "Ukrainian Parliament Continues Shift Towards Yushchenko". Korrespondent (in Russian). 15 October 2007. Retrieved 15 October 2007. 
  39. ↑ Tymoshenko says cabinet won't stay on as caretaker, Kyiv Post (3 March 2010)
    Tymoshenko: Government members will immediately leave offices after Rada's decision on cabinet dismissal, Kyiv Post (3 March 2010)
    MPs desert defeated Ukraine candidate Yulia Tymoshenko, BBC News (21 September 2010)
    Sobolev: Seven MPs from BYT bribed to vote for Tymoshenko's resignation, Kyiv Post (3 March 2010)
  40. ↑ Ukraine changes election rules before key vote, Kyiv Post (July 28, 2010)
  41. ↑ Law: All parties registered in Ukraine will be able to participate in local elections, Kyiv Post (August 30, 2010)
  42. ↑ Local government elections in Ukraine: last stage in the Party of Regions’ takeover of power, Centre for Eastern Studies (October 4, 2010)
  43. ↑ (Ukrainian) Results of the elections, preliminary data, on interactive maps by Ukrayinska Pravda (8 November 2010)
  44. ↑ Westerners, local observers rip Oct. 31 elections as undemocratic, Kyiv Post (November 5, 2010)
  45. ↑ European Parliament resolution of 25 November 2010 on Ukraine , European Parliament (25 November 2010)
  46. ↑ In Lviv, popular incumbent squares off against Party of Regions-backed candidate, Kyiv Post (October 29, 2010)
  47. ↑ (Ukrainian) Фракція БЮТ змінила свою назву, STB (November 16, 2010)
  48. ↑ (Ukrainian) Партії Тимошенко і Луценка об’єднаються у середу?, Ukrayinska Pravda (16 December 2011)
  49. ↑ (Ukrainian) Батьківщина та Народна самооборона завтра оголосять про злиття, UNIAN (16 December 2011)
  50. ↑ Turchynov: Batkivschyna, People's Self-Defense start unification (updated), Kyiv Post (28 December 2011)
  51. ↑ Oppositon to form single list to participate in parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (2 March 2012)
  52. ↑ (Ukrainian) "ФРОНТ ЗМІН" ІДЕ В РАДУ З "БАТЬКІВЩИНОЮ", Ukrayinska Pravda (7 April 2012)
    Yatseniuk wants to meet with Tymoshenko to discuss reunion of opposition, Kyiv Post (7 April 2012)
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 (Ukrainian) Список депутатів нової Верховної Ради, Ukrayinska Pravda (11 November 2012)
  54. ↑ Governing Party Claims Victory in Ukraine Elections, The New York Times (28 october 2012)
    Batkivschyna United Opposition, Svoboda agree on single-seat constituencies among their candidates, Kyiv Post (26 july 2012)
  55. ↑ Opposition parties join forces ahead of Ukrainian election, EurActiv (16 October 2012)
  56. ↑ (Ukrainian) Соціально-християнська партія вирішила приєднатися до об'єднаної опозиції, Den (newspaper) (24 April 2012)
  57. ↑ Oppositon to form single list to participate in parliamentary elections, Kyiv Post (2 March 2012)
    (Ukrainian) "ФРОНТ ЗМІН" ІДЕ В РАДУ З "БАТЬКІВЩИНОЮ", Ukrayinska Pravda (7 April 2012)
    Yatseniuk wants to meet with Tymoshenko to discuss reunion of opposition, Kyiv Post (7 April 2012)
  58. ↑ (Ukrainian) Tymoshenko and Yatsenyuk united ("Тимошенко та Яценюк об'єдналися"), Ukrayinska Pravda (23 April 2012)
  59. ↑ Civil Position party joins Ukraine's united opposition, Kyiv Post (20 June 2012)
  60. ↑ 60.0 60.1 Mustafa Dzhemiliov is number 12 on the list of the United Opposition “Fatherland”, Den (2 August 2012)
  61. ↑ (Ukrainian) Candidates, RBC Ukraine
  62. ↑ (Ukrainian) Proportional votes & Constituency seats, Central Electoral Commission of Ukraine
    % of total seats, Ukrayinska Pravda
  63. ↑ Batkivschyna: Father and son Tabalov did not take oath, so they are not deputies, Kyiv Post (12 December 2012)
  64. ↑ (Ukrainian) Independent National deputies of Ukraine, Verkhovna Rada
  65. ↑ United opposition, Svoboda sign coalition agreement, Klitschko absent at ceremony, Kyiv Post (19 october 2012)
    Batkivschyna plans to cooperate with Svoboda in parliament, Kyiv Post (13 December 2012)
  66. ↑ Batkivschyna, UDAR, Svoboda to create opposition council to coordinate activity in Rada, Kyiv Post (17 December 2012)
  67. ↑ (Ukrainian) "Dynamics" in the Batkivshchyna Verkhovna Rada faction, Verkhovna Rada
  68. ↑ MPs Kanivets, Skosar say they quit Batkivschyna due to reluctance to participate in Yatseniuk’s ‘show’, Interfax-Ukraine (4 April 2013)
    Stadniychuk, Kozub become MPs instead of Vlasenko, Verevsky, Interfax-Ukraine (19 March 2013)
  69. ↑ Batkivschyna, UDAR, Svoboda to coordinate their actions at presidential election, Interfax-Ukraine (16 May 2013)
  70. ↑ MPs Kutovy, Kupchak declare they are leaving Batkivschyna faction, Interfax-Ukraine (6 June 2013)
  71. ↑ (Ukrainian) Кутовий і Купчак прийшли від Яценюка, кажуть у "Батьківщині" Kutovy and Kupchak came from Yatsenuk, said the "Homeland", Ukrayinska Pravda (6 June 2013)
  72. ↑ Ukraine's united opposition discussing formation of single party, Kyiv Post (7 December 2012)
  73. ↑ 73.0 73.1 Sobolev: Front for Change and Reform and Order Party to join Batkivschyna, Interfax-Ukraine (11 June 2013)
    Front for Change, Reforms and Order to dissolve for merger with Batkivshchyna - Sobolev, Ukrinform (11 June 2013))
  74. ↑ Ukraine-Russia relations didn’t get any better, ex-Foreign Minister Borys Tarasiuk says, z i k (February 5, 2011)
  75. ↑ Ukrainian People's Party, People's Movement Of Ukraine Decide Unite Into Rukh, Elect Kuibida Its Leader, Ukrainian News Agency (19 May 2013)
  76. ↑ Rada speaker officially announces expulsion of Kravchuk from Batkivschyna faction, Interfax-Ukraine (4 July 2013)
  77. ↑ Ukraine’s Opposition trying to unite, Den (25 October 2012)
  78. ↑ 78.0 78.1 Q&A:Ukrainian parliamentary election, BBC News (23 October 2012)
  79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 79.2 79.3 Ukraine should become full member of EU, says manifest of Batkivschyna, Interfax-Ukraine (15 June 2013)
  80. ↑ 80.0 80.1 80.2 80.3 80.4 80.5 80.6 80.7 80.8 80.9 80.10 80.11 80.12 80.13 80.14 (Ukrainian) Electronic Bulletin "Your Choice - 2012". Issue 4: Batkivshchyna, Ukrainian Center for Independent Political Research (24 October 2012)
  81. ↑ 81.0 81.1 81.2 81.3 81.4 81.5 81.6 81.7 81.8 81.9 81.10 81.11 81.12 Ukraine’s Opposition Program Requires Another Revolution, The Jamestown Foundation (29 May 2012)
  82. ↑ Rada fails to support bill on denunciation of Kharkiv accords on Black Sea Fleet basing in Ukraine, Interfax-Ukraine (19 June 2013)
  83. ↑ Game of Endurance, The Ukrainian Week (22 February 2013)

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