Basiliximab
| Monoclonal antibody | |
|---|---|
| Type | Whole antibody |
| Source | Chimeric (mouse/human) |
| Target | CD25 |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Simulect |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | monograph |
| Pregnancy cat. | B (US) |
| Legal status | ? |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Half-life | 7.2 days |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 152923-56-3  |
| ATC code | L04AC02 |
| DrugBank | DB00074 |
| UNII | 9927MT646M |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1201439  |
| Chemical data | |
| Formula | C6378H9844N1698O1997S48 |
| Mol. mass | 143801.3 g/mol |
| (what is this?) (verify) | |
Basiliximab (trade name Simulect) is a chimeric mouse-human monoclonal antibody to the α chain (CD25) of the IL-2 receptor [1] of T cells.[2] It is used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation, especially in kidney transplants. It is a Novartis Pharmaceuticals product[3] and was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1998.[4]
It is a chimeric CD25 monoclonal antibody of the IgG1 isotype. It acts as an antagonist at the interleukin-2(IL-2) binding site of the p55 subunit (Tac antigen) of the high affinity IL-2 receptor (CD25) on the surface of the activated T lymphocytes.
Minimum serum level should be 0.2 ug/ml(ELISA) Dose is 20 mg two times 4 days apart generally in an adult. It is given in two doses, the first within 2 hours of the start of the transplant operation and the second 4 days after the transplant. These saturate the receptors and prevent T cells from replication and also from activating the B cells, which are responsible for the production of antibodies, which would bind to the transplanted organ and stimulate an immune response against the transplant.
Like the similar drug daclizumab, basiliximab reduces the incidence and severity of acute rejection in kidney transplantation without increasing the incidence of opportunistic infections.[citation needed] In the United Kingdom, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence has recommended its use be considered for all kidney transplant recipients.
It has been reported that some cases of Lichen Planus have been successfully treated with Basiliximab as an alternative therapy to Cyclosporine, with a dose of 20 mg every 4 days. No short-term side effects have been reported [5]
References and notes
- ↑ Lupo L, Panzera P, Tandoi F, et al. (October 2008). "Basiliximab versus steroids in double therapy immunosuppression in liver transplantation: a prospective randomized clinical trial". Transplantation 86 (7): 925–31. doi:10.1097/TP.0b013e318186b8a3. PMID 18852657.
- ↑ IL-2Rα receptor is also known as the CD25 T-cell antigen
- ↑ Novartis product page for Simulect (basiliximab for injection) . Retrieved 2005-03-09.
- ↑ Waldman, Thomas A. (2003). Immunotherapy: past, present and future. Nature Medicine 9, 269-277.
- ↑ A.D. Katsambas, T.M. Lotti European handbook of dermatological treatments 2nd edition, 2003, page 291, ISBN 3-540-00878-0
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Basiliximab, mechanism of action and pharmacological properties. Kapic E, Becic F, Kusturica J. SourceInstitute for Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Bosnia And Herzegovina.
Abstract Basiliximab is a chimeric anti-intcrleukin-2 receptor monoclonal antibody. Basiliximab is a glycoprotein produced by recombinant technology. It is used to prevent white blood cells from acute renal transplantation rejection. It specifically binds to and blocks the alpha chain of interleukin-2 receptors (IL-2R alpha), also known as CD25 antigen, on the surface of activated T-lymphocytes. Due to its monoclonal nature it provides safer and more predictable therapeutic, that is, immunosuppressive response of the polyclonal antibodies. The most common adverse effects in adult patients are constipation, infections, pain, nausea, peripheral oedema, hypertension, anaemia, headache, hyperkalacmia, hypercholesterolemia, increase in serum creatinine, and hypophosphataemia.