Basilar artery

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"basilar" redirects here. For basilar crackles or crepitations of the base of the lung, see crackles. For other uses, see Basal (disambiguation).

Artery: Basilar artery

The basilar artery (middle of figure) arises from the vertebral arteries and terminates when it bifurcates in the left and right posterior cerebral arteries.

The arteries of the base of the brain. Basilar artery labeled below center. The temporal pole of the cerebrum and the cerebellar hemisphere have been removed on the right side. Inferior aspect (viewed from below).
Latin	Arteria basilaris
Gray's	p.580
Supplies	Superior and inferior aspects of the cerebellum pons
Source	Vertebral arteries
Branches	Anterior inferior cerebellar, posterior cerebral, superior cerebellar arteries and pontine branches
MeSH	Basilar+Artery

In human anatomy, the basilar artery is one of the arteries that supplies the brain with oxygen-rich blood.

The two vertebral arteries and the basilar artery are sometimes together called the vertebrobasilar system, which supplies blood to the posterior part of circle of Willis and anastomoses with blood supplied to the anterior part of the circle of Willis from the internal carotid arteries.

Course

It arises from the confluence of the two vertebral arteries at the junction between the medulla oblongata and the pons.

It ascends in the central gutter (sulcus basilaris) inferior to the pons and divides into the posterior cerebral arteries and the superior cerebellar artery just inferior to the pituitary stalk.

From the basilar artery arises the anterior inferior cerebellar artery (supplying the superior and inferior aspects of the cerebellum), as well as smaller branches for the supply of the pons (the pontine branches).

In under 15% of people the basilar artery gives rise to the labyrinthine artery.

Additional images

cr = Arteria cerebri rostralis, cm = Arteria cerebri media, ma = Arteria maxillaris, RZ = Retezuflüsse, ci = Arteria carotis interna, rm = Rete mirabile, ba = Arteria basilaris
The internal carotid and vertebral arteries (Right side view)
Medulla oblongata and pons. Anterior surface.
The hypophysis cerebri, in position. Shown in sagittal section.
Cerebral angiogram showing the transverse projection of the vertebro-basilar and posterior cerebral circulation.
Human brainstem blood supply
Basilar artery
Cerebrum.Inferior view.Deep dissection
Cerebrum.Inferior view.Deep dissection
Spinal cord. Brachial plexus. Cerebrum.Inferior view.Deep dissection.
The arteries of the base of the brain. Basilar artery labeled below center. The temporal pole of the cerebrum and a portion of the cerebellar hemisphere have been removed on the right side. Inferior aspect (viewed from below).

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Basilar artery.

http://neuroangio.org/anatomy-and-variants/basilar-artery/
Diagram at merck.com
28:09-0204 at the SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "Cranial Fossae: Arteries, Inferior Surface of the Brain"
Blood supply at neuropat.dote.hu
Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 13048.000-1
Roche Lexicon - illustrated navigator, at Elsevier 13048.000-3

List of arteries of head and neck (TA A12.2.05–08, GA 6.549)

cervical branches (ascending palatine, tonsillar, submental, glandular)
facial branches (inferior labial
superior labial / nasal septum
lateral nasal
angular)

1st part / mandibular	anterior tympanic deep auricular middle meningeal (superior tympanic, petrosal) accessory meningeal inferior alveolar (mental, mylohyoid)

2nd part / pterygoid	to muscles of mastication (deep temporal, pterygoid, masseteric) buccal

3rd part / pterygopalatine	posterior superior alveolar infraorbital (anterior superior alveolar) descending palatine (greater palatine, lesser palatine) artery of the pterygoid canal sphenopalatine (posterior septal branches, posterior lateral nasal) pharyngeal

cervical	carotid sinus

petrous	Vidian caroticotympanic

cavernous/ ophthalmic	orbital group:anterior ethmoidal (anterior septal, anterior lateral nasal, anterior meningeal) posterior ethmoidal lacrimal (lateral palpebral) medial palpebral terminal (supraorbital, supratrochlear, dorsal nasal) ocular group: central retinal ciliary (short posterior, long posterior, anterior) hypophysial (superior, inferior)

Willis/Cerebral	ACA (anterior communicating, medial striate) MCA (anterolateral central, Orbitofrontal artery, Prefrontal artery, Superior terminal branch, Inferior terminal branch, Anterior temporal branch) posterior communicating anterior choroidal

vertebral artery

meningeal
spinal (posterior, anterior)
basilar: pontine
labyrinthine
cerebellar (AICA, SCA, PICA)
cerebral (PCA)

thyrocervical trunk

inferior thyroid	inferior laryngeal tracheal esophageal ascending cervical pharyngeal glandular branches

transverse cervical	superficial branch deep branch / dorsal scapular

suprascapular	acromial branch

costocervical trunk

M: VAS

anat (a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot

noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

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