Banda, Uttar Pradesh
| Banda | |
|---|---|
| city | |
  Banda | |
| Coordinates: 25°29′N 80°20′E / 25.483°N 80.333°ECoordinates: 25°29′N 80°20′E / 25.483°N 80.333°E | |
| Country |
 India |
| Government | |
| • Body | Banda Municipal Corporation |
| • Chairman | Smt. Vinod Jain (BJP) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 0.4431 km2 (0.1711 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 123 m (404 ft) |
| Population (2011) | |
| • Total | 1,799,410 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi, bundelkhandi |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| PIN | 210001 |
| Telephone code | 91-5192 |
| Vehicle registration | UP-90 |
| Sex ratio | 863 ♂/♀ |
| Literacy | 68.11% |
| Website | http://www.banda.nic.in/ |
Banda (Hindi: बांदा, Urdu: باندہ) is a city and a municipal board in Banda district in the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. Banda lies south of the Yamuna river in the Bundelkhand region. It is the administrative headquarters of Banda District. The town is well connected to major cities with railways and state highways. The town is near the right bank of the river Ken, 95 m. S. W. of Allahabad.
Banda is famous for its Shajar stone, used for making jewellery. Banda was a town and district of British India, in the Allahabad division of the United Provinces. The population in 1901 was 22,565. It was formerly, but is no longer, a military cantonment.
Languages
Among Banda's languages are Bundeli, which has a lexical similarity of 72-91% with Hindi[5] (compared to 60% for German and English)[6] and is spoken by about 7 800 000 people in Bundelkhand.[5][citation needed]
Government
Civic administration
The city elects members to the Lok Sabha as well as the Uttar Pradesh Vidhan Sabha (State Assembly). The city is under the jurisdiction of a District Magistrate, who is an IAS officer. The Collectors are in charge of property records and revenue collection for the Central Government, and oversee the national elections held in the city. The Collector is also responsible for maintaining law and order in the city. The city is administered by the Banda Municipal Corporation with executive power vested in the Municipal Commissioner of Banda, who is an administrative officer. The corporation comprises elected members (corporators elected from the wards directly by the people) with City Mayor as its head. An Assistant Municipal Commissioner oversees each ward for administrative purposes. The Banda Police is headed by a Deputy Inspector General, who is an IPS officer. The Banda Police comes under the state Home Ministry. The city is divided into several police zones and traffic police zones. The Traffic Police is a semi-autonomous body under the Banda Police. The Banda Fire Brigade department is headed by the Chief Fire Officer, who is assisted by Deputy Chief Fire Officers and Divisional Officers.
Lok Sabha constituency
Banda is a Lok Sabha parliamentary constituency in Uttar Pradesh. Members of Parliament
- 1957: Raja Dinesh Singh, Indian National Congress
- 1962: Savitri Nigam, Indian National Congress
- 1967: Jageshwar Yadav, Communist Party of India
- 1971: Ram Ratan Sharma, Jan Sangh
- 1977: Ambika Prasad Pandey, Janata Party
- 1980: Ramnath Dubey, Indian National Congress
- 1984: Bhishma Deo Dube, Indian National Congress
- 1989: Ram Sajeevan, Bahujan Samaj Party
- 1991: Prakash Narain Tripathi, Bharatiya Janata Party
- 1996: Ram Sajeevan, Bahujan Samaj Party
- 1998: Ramesh Chandra Dwivedi, Bharatiya Janata Party
- 1999: Ram Sajeevan, Bahujan Samaj Party
- 2004: Shyama Charan Gupta, Samajwadi Party
- 2009: R. K. Singh Patel, Samajwadi Party.
Economy
It contains an area of 3,061 square miles (7,930 km2). In some parts it rises into irregular uplands and elevated plains, interspersed with detached rocks of granite; in others it sinks into marshy lowlands, which frequently remain under water during the rainy season. The sloping country on the bank of the Yamuna (previously called Jamuna)is full of ravines. To the south-east the Vindhya chain of hills takes its origin in a low range not exceeding 500 feet (150 m) in height, and forming a natural boundary of the district in that direction. The principal river of the district is the Yamuna, which flows from north-west to south-east, along the north-east boundary of the district, for 125 miles (201 km) The black soil of the district yields crops of which the principal are millet, other food-grains, pulse, rice, cotton and oil-seeds. Banda cotton enjoys a high repute in the market. A branch railway from Manikpur to Jhansi traverses the length of the district, which is also crossed by the East Indian main line to Jabalpur (earlier Jubbulpore).[1] The BDA (Banda development Authority) has planned to make one mall in town.
Demographics
As per provisional data of 2011 census, Banda urban agglomeration had a population of 160,432, out of which males were 85,473 and females were 74,959. The literacy rate was 83.61 per cent.[2]
History
Banda, which forms one of the districts included under the general name of Bundelkhand, has formed an arena of contention for the successive races who have struggled for the sovereignty of India. Kalinjar town, then the capital, was unsuccessfully besieged by Mahmud of Ghazni in 1023 AD; in 1196 it was taken by Kutab-ad-din , the general of Muhammad Ghori; in 1545 by Sher Shah Suri, who, however, fell mortally wounded in the assault. About the year 1735 the raja of Kalinjar's territory, including the present district of Banda, was bequeathed to Baji Rao, the Mahratta peshwa; and from the Mahrattas it passed by the treaties of 1802–1803 to the British East India Company. At the time of the Indian Rebellion the district, which was poverty-stricken and over-taxed, joined the rebels. The town of Banda was recovered by General Whitlock on the 20 April 1858.[1][3]
Divisions
The district is divided into four tehsils, Banda, Uttar Pradesh, Naraini, Baberu and Atarra.
Culture
Folk-songs & Folk-dances
The seasonal folk-songs commonly sung in the villages are Hori or Phag during spring. Malhar and Kajri in the rainy season.Women have their own songs for special occasions such as sohar (sung on the occasion of the birth of a child ) or Mangla geet (gari) during marriage ceremony. Bhajan-Kirtan in a chorus accompanied with musical is very much liked by inhabitants of the district. alha which is sung in the praise of Alha and Udal, the most popular heroes of this region, is also the most popular song of the district during rainy season.
A number of open air performances, combining the rural style of folk music and dancing with some national theme are a regular feature of rural life in the district. Nautanki and dramas based on mythology are often staged and attract large gatherings, particularly in the villages.
There are a number of fairs/melas organized at the different places and Utsavs :
- Bhuragarh fair
- Nawab Tank fair
- Chilla fair
- Bilgav fair
- Kalinjar fair
- Khatri Pahar fair
- Tihramafi fair
- Simauni Fair
- Maheshwari Temple
Kalinjar Mahotsava: Every Year Banda-District celebrates week long Kalinjar Mahotasava to promote Kalinjar Fort's Heritage & Tourism. Kalinjar Mahotsava includes many Cultural and Social activities.
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Cuisine
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Uttar Pradeshi thali with naan, sultani dal, raita, and shahi paneer.
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Naan is one of the staple breads of Uttar Pradesh.
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Raita has its roots in Uttar Pradesh as well.
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The samosa is a popular snack from Uttar Pradesh.
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Paan Shop
Transport
Road transport
The available multiple modes of public transport in the city are taxis, cycle rickshaws, auto rickshaws. National Highway 76 (India) passes through Banda which connects it to Jhansi and Allahabad. State Highway 92, connects banda to Fatehpur. state highway 76 connects to allahabad. National Highway 86 connects to kanpur. Apart from the long distance services, there are many services to nearby places within the state. There are number of daily buses to kanpur, Allahabad, Delhi, Sagar, Lucknow, Jhansi, Khajuraho, in uttar pradesh and to many others state.
Railways
Banda lies in the north Central Railway Zone.and is well connected by trains with all major cities namely Kolkata, Delhi, Mumbai, Lucknow, Bhopal, Bilaspur, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Raipur, Varanasi, Agra. The city is well connected to Kanpur, Allahabad, Jhansi, and other neighbouring cities.
Media
Local channels
There are numerous local channels in Banda. Most of them show movies throughout the day and then news and educational programs in evening. All the channels are run by local cable operators.
Newspapers
Several daily newspapers in Hindi and Urdu are published in the city. Among the Hindi papers are Jansandesh Times" "Dainik Jagran, Amar Ujala, Dainik Hindustan, Rashtriya Sahara, Jansatta, and Karmyug Swatantra Bharat.
Radio
No radio station exists in Banda but broadcasts from radio stations in other cities are received.
Internet
The city has broadband internet connectivity and video conferencing facilities. Major companies like BSNL, Bharti Airtel, Reliance Communications, Tata Communications & STPI, have a wide infrastructure to provide broadband Internet bandwidth. 3G Internet connectivity is also available through various service providers.
People associated with Banda
- Goswami Tulsidas, the author of Ramcharitmanas, born in Rajapur Banda.
Places of interest
- The Kalinjar (Kalanjar) fort, built by the Chandela kings, is located in the Banda district, 56 km south of the Banda city.
Kalinjar is located in Banda District of Uttar Pradesh state, near the temple-city and World Heritage Site of Khajuraho.The fortress is strategically located on an isolated rocky hill at the end the Vindhya Range, at an elevation of 1203 feet overlooking the plains of Bundelkhand. It served several of Bundelkhand's ruling dynasties, including the Chandela dynasty of Rajputs in the 10th century, and the Solankis of Rewa. The fortress contains several temples, dating as far back as the Gupta dynasty of the 3rd-5th centuries.
- (Kalinjar) is one of the most characteristic specimens of the hill-fortresses, originally hill-shrines, of central India. Its antiquity is proved by its mention in the Mahabharata. Kalinjar means The destroyer of time in Sanskrit. 'Kal' is time and 'jar' destruction. Legend says that after manthan Hindu God, Lord Shiva, drank the poison and his throat became blue (hence the name Neel (blue) Kantha (throat)) and he came to Kalinjar and overcome the 'Kal' i.e. he achieved victory over death. This is the reason the Shiva temple at Kalinjar is called Neelkanth. Since then, the hill has been considered a holy site, casting its shadow across the patches of grasslands as well as the densely forested valley. The natural splendor of the surroundings makes it an ideal place for penance and meditation and, surprisingly, a strange mystique still pervades all over the hill.
- Bhuragarh Fort
- Across the river Ken there are ruins of Bhuragarh fort said to be built with brown stones by Raja Guman Singh in 17th Century. This place was important during the freedom struggle. A mela is organised in this place called ‘Natbali Ka Mela’.
- Bhuragrah Fort is situated at the bank of Ken river. Seeing the sunset from fort is a beautiful experience. The historical importance of Bhuragarh Fort is related to Bundela reign and Hridaya Shah and Jagat Rai, sons of Maharaja Chattrasal. Kirat Singh, son of Jagat Rai, mended Bhuragarh Fort in 1746 A.D. None Arjun Singh was the caretaker of the fort.
In 1787 A.D., Nawab Ali Bahudur I started looking after the domain Banda. He fought a war against None Arjun Singh in 1792 A.D. Then it came under Nawab's rule for some time but Rajaram Dauwa and Laxman Dauwa won it again from Nawabs. After the death of None Arjun Singh, Nawab Ali Bahudar took the control of Bhuragarh Fort. Nawab died in 1802 A.D. and Gaurihar Maharaj took the administration after him. The Great Freedom Struggle against British empire started on 14th June 1857. It was led by Nawab Ali Bahadur II in Banda. This struggle was much fierce than expected and revolutionaries from Allahbad, Kanpur and Bihar joined Nawab in fight against Britishers. On 15th June 1857, revolutionaries killed Joint Magistrate Cockrail. On 16th April 1858, Whitluck arrived Banda and he fought against revolutionary army of Banda. About 3000 revolutionaries were killed in the fort during this war. Nuts( one who performs acrobatic feats) from Sarbai sacrified in this war. Their graves are found inside the fort. Graves are of many revolutionaries are found around fort.
- Vamdeveshwar Temple & Mount
- The temple is said to derive its name from Bamdeo Rishi, a sage mentioned in Hindu mythology as a contemporary of Lord Rama. Bamdeo is said to have had his hermitage at the foot of a hill. There is one big and oldest Shivling is situated in the temple in the kho of Bambeshar Pahar.
- Maheshwari Devi Temple
- This temple is situated at the middle place of the Banda city. There are many murtis of Devis and Devatas in the temple.
- Nawab Tank
- Nawab tank, earlier known as the Shankar Sarovar[citation needed], is situated about 3 km south of Banda. This tank was built by the Nawab of Banda, and therefore it is known as Nawab Tank.
- Jama-Masjid
- one of the oldest mosque in the city.
- St. George's Church (YELLOW CHURCH)
- Yellow Church, established in1835 A.D. is the most famous and oldest church of Banda .Rather some records have been found that proved that Christianity was in Banda before 1809 A.D. but Yellow Church is best the symbol of British architecture and religion.
- Yellow Church was built by Churches of India (CNI) for regular prayers of Catholic Englishmen and their families living in Banda during early British Period.
- From last 170 years, Window Pans which was then imported from Belgium have not been replaced.
- During 1857 revolt, no damage was made to the Church. It stands just as it is as it was.
- The roof garders of this Church is made up English Cast Iron.
- The Rust free 170 years old Windows Speaks the tale of fine English metallurgical talent.
- The Church is built in Typical Italian Style with Conical Tops and Tall Windows.
- Inside the Campus there are three graves of Norwegian Natives of this Church.
Schools and universities
- Nalanda Sikshan & Sodh Sansthan (www.nalandasss.org)
- Kali Charan Nigam Institute of Technology (KCNIT)
- Manyawar Shri KanshiRam University of Agriculture and Technology
- Vidyawati Nigam Memorial Public School (VNMPS) & KIDZEE Play School
- Nalanda Technical & Management college' (NTMC)
- Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru Degree College
- jamia arabia hathaura university
- Adarsh Bajrang Inter College
- D.A.V. Inter College
- Government Inter College(GIC)
- Government Girl Inter College(GGIC)
- Guru Raamrai
- St Paul's school
- Saraswati Vidya Mandir Inter College
- Saraswati Shishu Mandir
- St. Mary's Senior Secondary School
- Bethel Children Academy
- Government Mahila Degree College
- Saraswati Gyan Mandir
- Eklavya Mahavidyalaya
- Raja Devi Degree College
- B.P.M.P.Omer Inter College
- Sant Tulsi Public School, Awas Vikas Banda
- D.C.D.F. school
- saraswati balika mandir, ken path
- st.xavier's high school,chilla road
- h.s.n. siksha niketan
- aadarsh inter college,
- St. George School & College
Notes
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Chisholm 1911.
- ↑ "Urban Agglomerations/Cities having population 1 lakh and above". Provisional Population Totals, Census of India 2011. Retrieved 2012-07-07.
- ↑ Amin, Agha Humayun (February 2000), "Opinion: Chapter Seven: The Central India Campaign", Pakistan Defence Journal
References
- Attribution
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Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Banda". Encyclopædia Britannica 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press
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