Air Ceylon
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Founded |
1947 Colombo, Ceylon | |||
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Ceased operations | 1978 | |||
Hubs |
Ratmalana Airport (1947-1967) Bandaranaike International Airport (1967-1978) | |||
Fleet size | 3 (In 1978) | |||
Headquarters | Colombo, Ceylon |
Air Ceylon was the flag carrier airline of Sri Lanka (known as Ceylon until 1972) from 1947 until 1978, when it was replaced by Air Lanka.
History
Air Ceylon was established in 1947 as state-owned flag carrier airline, initially operating scheduled domestic flights using Douglas C-47 Dakota aircraft. International services with Douglas DC-4s commenced in 1949, in a co-operation with Australian National Airways (ANA), which acquired a 49 percent stake in Air Ceylon. The longest route flown at that time was to London Heathrow airport.[citation needed]
The partnership with ANA lasted until 1953,[citation needed] when it was replaced by new international co-operations: In 1956 with KLM,[1] which included the lease of 2 Lockheed Constellation airliners for long-haul flights, and with BOAC in 1962, allowing the re-launch of flights to London using the de Havilland Comet.[citation needed]
From the mid-1960s, the Hawker Siddeley HS 748 became the aircraft mainly used on Air Ceylon's short-haul routes, along with the Aérospatiale N 262. When Bandaranaike International Airport was completed in 1967, Air Ceylon opened its hub there. A Hawker Siddeley Trident jet airliner was purchased in 1969 and it was operated on regional routes until it was withdrawn in July 1978.[citation needed]
In 1972, Union de Transports Aériens (UTA) became Air Ceylon's partner, introducing French-made aircraft into the fleet. UTA ended the partnership on 31 March 1977, leaving Air Ceylon without a European aide.[1] In 1978, Air Ceylon was shut down by the Sri Lankan government due to bankruptcy, and Air Lanka was established as new national carrier.
Fleet
Before ending operations in 1978, Air Ceylon had 3 Douglas DC-8's. 2 of them were sold to Biman Bangladesh Airlines and Pomair. The other was scrapped.
Over the years, Air Ceylon operated the following aircraft typesAircraft | Introduced | Retired |
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Aérospatiale N 262 | ||
Boeing 707 | ||
Boeing 720 | ||
Convair 990 Coronado | ||
de Havilland Comet | ||
Douglas DC-3 | ||
Douglas DC-4 | ||
Douglas DC-8 | ||
Hawker Siddeley HS 748 | ||
Hawker Siddeley Trident | ||
Lockheed Constellation | ||
Lockheed L-188 Electra | ||
Sud Aviation Caravelle | ||
Vickers VC10 | ||
Destinations
1950s
During that period, Air Ceylon offered multiple-stopover flights, which were leaving Colombo on three routes: To Europe, to Australia, and a regional one to India. KLM was the important partner airline, serving as gerneral sales agent for Air Ceylon.[2][3]
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1960s
Due to more modern aircraft with a longer range, fewer stops were required on the long-distance routes, reducing travel time. Air Ceylon passengers could reach additional destinations (in Europe and towards Australia) with co-operative BOAC or Qantas flights.[4]
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1970s
The co-operation with BOAC and Qantas was reduced at that time, instead a codeshare-like agreement was signed with Indian Airlines. As a consequence, Air Ceylon re-launched services to Australia and expanded its European network.[5][6][7]
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Accidents and incidents
- On 21 December 1949, an Air Ceylon Douglas C-47 Dakota (registered VP-CAT) was damaged beyond repair in a crash landing at Tiruchirapalli Airport following a scheduled passenger flight from Jaffna. The 21 passengers and three crew members survived the accident.[8]
- On 7 September 1978, an Air Ceylon Hawker Siddeley HS 748 (registered 4R-ACJ) was destroyed in a fire while parked at Ratmalana Airport. Two pilots had been carrying out pre-departure checkups, when the fire started by the explosion of a bomb in the aircraft cargo hold.[9]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Information about Air Ceylon provided by the Aero Transport Data Bank
- ↑ Air Ceylon 1953 timetable at timetableimages.com
- ↑ Air Ceylon 1959 timetable at timetableimages.com
- ↑ Air Ceylon 1967 timetable at timetableimages.com
- ↑ Air Ceylon 1970 timetable at timetableimages.com
- ↑ Air Ceylon 1972 timetable at timetableimages.com
- ↑ Air Ceylon 1974 timetable at timetableimages.com
- ↑ Air Ceylon 1949 accident at the Aviation Safety Network
- ↑ Air Ceylon 1978 bomb incident at the Aviation Safety Network
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