About URI scheme

about is an internal URI scheme (also known as a “URL scheme” or, erroneously, “protocol”) implemented in various Web browsers to reveal internal state and built-in functions. It is an IANA officially registered scheme, and is standardised.

In early versions of Netscape, any URI beginning about: which wasn't recognised as a built-in command would simply result in the text after the colon being displayed. Similarly, in early versions of Internet Explorer, about: followed by a string of HTML (e.g. about:<em>hello world</em>) would render that string as though it were the source of the page — thus providing a similar (though more limited) facility to the data: URI scheme defined by RFC 2397. Still other versions of Netscape would return various phrases in response to an unknown about URI, including “Whatchew talkin' 'bout, Willis?” (a catch phrase from the TV show Diff'rent Strokes) or “Homey don't play dat!” (from a recurring skit on the TV show In Living Color).^[1][2]

The most commonly implemented about URIs are about:blank, which displays a blank HTML document, and simply about:, which may display information about the browser. Opera uses URIs beginning with opera for similar purposes, and many about URIs will be translated into an appropriate opera URI if entered; an exception is about:blank, which is not translated.

Note: In more recent versions of Internet Explorer, many of the following do nothing or have since been removed.

Standardisation

In 2010, and onwards, there are efforts to standardise the about URI scheme, and define the processing requirements for some specific URIs, in the IETF Applications Area Working Group (APPSAWG).^[3] In August 2012, it was published as an official Request for Comments as RFC 6694. Note that Opera ASA, the proponents, had long used and advocated alternative browser specific URIs.^[4] The about URIs that are known to be defined for specific purposes are listed below.

Common about: URIs

Mozilla-specific about: URIs

Many of these can also be used in Thunderbird, by setting them as the “Mail Start Page”. Also, some extensions define additional about: URIs not listed here.

Opera-specific about: URIs

about is an alias for opera, therefore all these URIs also work with about prefixed. User JavaScript is disabled for all URIs in the about or opera URI schemes as a security feature. These pages can, however, be styled using local stylesheets.

None of these functions, except the opera:about combination, work in the Nintendo DS version of the Opera browser, the Nintendo DS Browser.

Internet Explorer-specific about: URIs

Internet Explorer about URIs are configurable in Windows. It is therefore possible that some of the listed URIs will not work on a particular computer. For example “about:mozilla” was removed in SP2 (although the page can still be found at “res://mshtml.dll/about.moz”). These about URIs are sometimes used for spyware and adware, most notably in CoolWebSearch, which made about:blank display advertisements.

Google Chrome-specific about: URIs

Note: Any “about:” URI is accepted, but only a page with a blank source is returned, as with the “about:blank” of other browsers. Similar to Safari.

Note: In Chromium “about:” is usually translated to a “chrome://” URL.

Konqueror

Note: Any about URI except about:blank and about:plugins redirects to about:konqueror.

Epiphany

Note: When Epiphany used Gecko as its layout engine, the general and Mozilla-specific about: URIs worked as in Mozilla Firefox. Since WebKit became Epiphany's layout engine, only these URIs are supported:^{[citation needed]}

Netscape (historical)

• The about: URL originated in and has existed in all versions of Netscape browsers. It was originally added as an Easter egg to display information about the development team.^[10]
• Older versions of the Netscape browser have an about:people URI that was similar to about:credits above, but it would redirect to Netscape's active employee listing. In addition, about:username, where username is the username of a Netscape employee, would redirect to the Netscape homepage of the employee specified. For example, about:jwz would redirect to http://people.netscape.com/jwz/ (not an active link).^[11]
• Not all employee pages were accessible through this scheme. Only developers who knew which file in the source tree and the encoding scheme used to obfuscate the directory of employee about entries could add their names.^{[citation needed]}
• Many other about: easter eggs existed, including the famous about:mozilla, and other less known ones that showed pictures of the Netscape mascot Mozilla in various foreign garb, such as about:deutsch showing Mozilla in Lederhosen.^[12]
• Some versions of Netscape would display the browser history for the about:global URI^[12]

Internet Explorer for Mac OS 5 (historical)

In Internet Explorer for Mac 5 was an offline Easter egg, accessible by typing ‘about:tasman’, showing the Acid1 test with the text replaced by the names of the developers.^[13]

Safari

Any about URI is accepted, but only a page with a blank source is returned, as with the about:blank of other browsers.

Microsoft Outlook

In Microsoft Outlook, an additional outlook:today URI was added, which showed the Outlook Today Screen (it shows messages, tasks and appointments and is also accessible from IE). Also, although about:blank is supported, anything else (including about:about) typed after about: would show that text as a web page in the browser.

Notes

References

External links

• RFC 6694 - The "about" URI Scheme
• About protocol links in Mozilla and Mozilla Firefox.
• about redirectors' source code in Firefox