1945 VFL season
1945 VFL Premiership season | |
---|---|
Teams | 12 |
Premiers |
Carlton (7th premiership) |
Minor premiers |
South Melbourne (6th minor premiership) |
Matches played | 124 |
Highest attendance | 62,986 |
Leading Goalkicker Medallist | Fred Fanning (Melbourne) |
Brownlow Medallist | Not awarded |
← 1944 1946 → |
Results and statistics for the Victorian Football League season of 1945.
Premiership season
In 1945, the VFL competition consisted of twelve teams of 18 on-the-field players each, plus one substitute player, known as the 19th man. A player could be substituted for any reason; however, once substituted, a player could not return to the field of play under any circumstances.
Teams played each other in a home-and-away season of 20 rounds; matches 12 to 20 were the "home-and-way reverse" of matches 1 to 9.
The determination of the 1945 season's fixtures were greatly complicated by the fact that both the Melbourne Cricket Ground and the Lake Oval were appropriated for military use and, because of this, Melbourne shared the Punt Road Oval with Richmond as their home ground, and South Melbourne shared the Junction Oval with St Kilda as their home ground.
Once the 20 round home-and-away season had finished, the 1945 VFL Premiers were determined by the specific format and conventions of the "Page-McIntyre system".
Round 1
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
St Kilda | 10.17 (77) | South Melbourne | 17.16 (118) | Junction Oval | 17,000 | 21 April 1945 |
Essendon | 22.18 (150) | Hawthorn | 12.7 (79) | Windy Hill | 11,000 | 21 April 1945 |
Collingwood | 13.13 (91) | North Melbourne | 10.10 (70) | Victoria Park | 13,000 | 21 April 1945 |
Carlton | 13.9 (87) | Melbourne | 15.18 (108) | Princes Park | 16,000 | 21 April 1945 |
Richmond | 14.11 (95) | Footscray | 16.9 (105) | Punt Road Oval | 24,000 | 21 April 1945 |
Geelong | 10.8 (68) | Fitzroy | 15.16 (106) | Kardinia Park | 10,000 | 21 April 1945 |
Round 2
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
North Melbourne | 7.18 (60) | Richmond | 8.17 (65) | Arden Street Oval | 11,500 | 28 April 1945 |
Melbourne | 17.16 (118) | St Kilda | 7.7 (49) | Punt Road Oval | 8,000 | 28 April 1945 |
Footscray | 18.9 (117) | Geelong | 12.9 (81) | Western Oval | 11,500 | 28 April 1945 |
Fitzroy | 8.16 (64) | Essendon | 9.10 (64) | Brunswick Street Oval | 19,000 | 28 April 1945 |
South Melbourne | 12.14 (86) | Collingwood | 11.10 (76) | Junction Oval | 19,000 | 28 April 1945 |
Hawthorn | 16.10 (106) | Carlton | 9.18 (72) | Glenferrie Oval | 11,000 | 28 April 1945 |
Round 3
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Richmond | 13.11 (89) | South Melbourne | 15.19 (109) | Punt Road Oval | 27,000 | 5 May 1945 |
Fitzroy | 12.9 (81) | Footscray | 14.14 (98) | Brunswick Street Oval | 20,000 | 5 May 1945 |
Collingwood | 10.21 (81) | Melbourne | 11.12 (78) | Victoria Park | 12,000 | 5 May 1945 |
St Kilda | 15.10 (100) | Hawthorn | 11.13 (79) | Junction Oval | 10,000 | 5 May 1945 |
North Melbourne | 14.15 (99) | Geelong | 10.15 (75) | Arden Street Oval | 6,000 | 5 May 1945 |
Essendon | 22.18 (150) | Carlton | 7.8 (50) | Windy Hill | 16,000 | 5 May 1945 |
Round 4
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Melbourne | 9.11 (65) | Richmond | 13.7 (85) | Punt Road Oval | 23,000 | 12 May 1945 |
Geelong | 9.13 (67) | South Melbourne | 10.23 (83) | Kardinia Park | 10,500 | 12 May 1945 |
Footscray | 11.13 (79) | North Melbourne | 14.8 (92) | Western Oval | 15,000 | 12 May 1945 |
Collingwood | 13.23 (101) | Hawthorn | 9.9 (63) | Victoria Park | 11,000 | 12 May 1945 |
Carlton | 12.12 (84) | Fitzroy | 11.11 (77) | Princes Park | 12,000 | 12 May 1945 |
St Kilda | 14.17 (101) | Essendon | 23.18 (156) | Junction Oval | 12,000 | 12 May 1945 |
Round 5
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Hawthorn | 15.7 (97) | Richmond | 20.11 (131) | Glenferrie Oval | 13,000 | 19 May 1945 |
Fitzroy | 11.10 (76) | North Melbourne | 13.14 (92) | Brunswick Street Oval | 14,000 | 19 May 1945 |
Carlton | 12.18 (90) | St Kilda | 11.13 (79) | Princes Park | 11,000 | 19 May 1945 |
Melbourne | 18.12 (120) | Geelong | 15.10 (100) | Punt Road Oval | 7,000 | 19 May 1945 |
South Melbourne | 15.9 (99) | Footscray | 12.11 (83) | Junction Oval | 30,000 | 19 May 1945 |
Essendon | 12.16 (88) | Collingwood | 11.21 (87) | Windy Hill | 17,000 | 19 May 1945 |
Round 6
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
North Melbourne | 9.12 (66) | South Melbourne | 8.10 (58) | Arden Street Oval | 25,000 | 26 May 1945 |
Geelong | 10.16 (76) | Hawthorn | 10.8 (68) | Kardinia Park | 10,000 | 26 May 1945 |
Footscray | 11.16 (82) | Melbourne | 7.13 (55) | Western Oval | 13,000 | 26 May 1945 |
St Kilda | 8.20 (68) | Fitzroy | 12.21 (93) | Junction Oval | 10,000 | 26 May 1945 |
Richmond | 12.11 (83) | Essendon | 9.17 (71) | Punt Road Oval | 28,000 | 26 May 1945 |
Collingwood | 15.18 (108) | Carlton | 12.11 (83) | Victoria Park | 18,000 | 26 May 1945 |
Round 7
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Melbourne | 10.12 (72) | North Melbourne | 18.11 (119) | Punt Road Oval | 14,000 | 2 June 1945 |
Fitzroy | 7.23 (65) | South Melbourne | 10.15 (75) | Brunswick Street Oval | 19,000 | 2 June 1945 |
Essendon | 14.28 (112) | Geelong | 9.10 (64) | Windy Hill | 8,000 | 2 June 1945 |
Carlton | 12.17 (89) | Richmond | 13.16 (94) | Princes Park | 21,000 | 2 June 1945 |
Hawthorn | 11.15 (81) | Footscray | 17.14 (116) | Glenferrie Oval | 10,000 | 2 June 1945 |
St Kilda | 7.12 (54) | Collingwood | 19.16 (130) | Junction Oval | 12,000 | 2 June 1945 |
Round 8
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Richmond | 16.15 (111) | St Kilda | 13.6 (84) | Punt Road Oval | 15,000 | 9 June 1945 |
South Melbourne | 12.16 (88) | Melbourne | 9.4 (58) | Junction Oval | 18,000 | 9 June 1945 |
North Melbourne | 16.10 (106) | Hawthorn | 10.8 (68) | Arden Street Oval | 7,000 | 9 June 1945 |
Footscray | 12.15 (87) | Essendon | 7.14 (56) | Western Oval | 23,000 | 9 June 1945 |
Fitzroy | 23.15 (153) | Collingwood | 8.10 (58) | Brunswick Street Oval | 20,000 | 9 June 1945 |
Geelong | 10.9 (69) | Carlton | 14.21 (105) | Kardinia Park | 11,000 | 9 June 1945 |
Round 9
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Hawthorn | 12.10 (82) | South Melbourne | 20.10 (130) | Glenferrie Oval | 13,000 | 16 June 1945 |
Essendon | 12.20 (92) | North Melbourne | 18.14 (122) | Windy Hill | 20,000 | 16 June 1945 |
Collingwood | 13.12 (90) | Richmond | 8.13 (61) | Victoria Park | 20,000 | 16 June 1945 |
Carlton | 11.11 (77) | Footscray | 11.20 (86) | Princes Park | 20,000 | 16 June 1945 |
St Kilda | 14.17 (101) | Geelong | 14.12 (96) | Junction Oval | 7,000 | 16 June 1945 |
Melbourne | 11.15 (81) | Fitzroy | 14.17 (101) | Punt Road Oval | 13,000 | 16 June 1945 |
Round 10
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Footscray | 16.15 (111) | St Kilda | 7.6 (48) | Western Oval | 9,000 | 23 June 1945 |
Fitzroy | 12.14 (86) | Richmond | 13.11 (89) | Brunswick Street Oval | 18,000 | 23 June 1945 |
Melbourne | 15.14 (104) | Hawthorn | 12.14 (86) | Punt Road Oval | 6,000 | 23 June 1945 |
South Melbourne | 12.15 (87) | Essendon | 5.11 (41) | Junction Oval | 22,000 | 23 June 1945 |
Geelong | 7.5 (47) | Collingwood | 21.18 (144) | Kardinia Park | 9,000 | 23 June 1945 |
North Melbourne | 7.17 (59) | Carlton | 12.12 (84) | Arden Street Oval | 15,000 | 23 June 1945 |
Round 11
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Essendon | 7.12 (54) | Melbourne | 9.14 (68) | Windy Hill | 8,000 | 30 June 1945 |
Collingwood | 9.10 (64) | Footscray | 10.9 (69) | Victoria Park | 19,000 | 30 June 1945 |
Carlton | 8.8 (56) | South Melbourne | 7.8 (50) | Princes Park | 25,500 | 30 June 1945 |
St Kilda | 6.15 (51) | North Melbourne | 6.21 (57) | Junction Oval | 7,500 | 30 June 1945 |
Richmond | 14.28 (112) | Geelong | 8.8 (56) | Punt Road Oval | 11,000 | 30 June 1945 |
Hawthorn | 7.8 (50) | Fitzroy | 10.15 (75) | Glenferrie Oval | 7,500 | 30 June 1945 |
Round 12
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Footscray | 15.12 (102) | Richmond | 11.8 (74) | Western Oval | 17,000 | 7 July 1945 |
Fitzroy | 17.27 (129) | Geelong | 4.9 (33) | Brunswick Street Oval | 7,000 | 7 July 1945 |
South Melbourne | 14.22 (106) | St Kilda | 6.14 (50) | Junction Oval | 9,000 | 7 July 1945 |
Hawthorn | 15.17 (107) | Essendon | 7.12 (54) | Glenferrie Oval | 5,500 | 7 July 1945 |
North Melbourne | 11.11 (77) | Collingwood | 13.5 (83) | Arden Street Oval | 14,000 | 7 July 1945 |
Melbourne | 12.8 (80) | Carlton | 12.9 (81) | Punt Road Oval | 16,000 | 7 July 1945 |
Round 13
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Essendon | 7.14 (56) | Fitzroy | 11.14 (80) | Windy Hill | 10,000 | 14 July 1945 |
Collingwood | 11.14 (80) | South Melbourne | 7.12 (54) | Victoria Park | 24,000 | 14 July 1945 |
Carlton | 13.12 (90) | Hawthorn | 8.11 (59) | Princes Park | 10,000 | 14 July 1945 |
Richmond | 18.10 (118) | North Melbourne | 15.9 (99) | Punt Road Oval | 21,000 | 14 July 1945 |
St Kilda | 9.10 (64) | Melbourne | 10.23 (83) | Junction Oval | 6,000 | 14 July 1945 |
Geelong | 11.14 (80) | Footscray | 13.19 (97) | Kardinia Park | 6,000 | 14 July 1945 |
Round 14
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Hawthorn | 15.15 (105) | St Kilda | 13.3 (81) | Glenferrie Oval | 5,000 | 21 July 1945 |
Geelong | 9.9 (63) | North Melbourne | 13.19 (97) | Kardinia Park | 7,500 | 21 July 1945 |
Carlton | 11.9 (75) | Essendon | 10.18 (78) | Princes Park | 14,000 | 21 July 1945 |
South Melbourne | 14.11 (95) | Richmond | 10.17 (77) | Junction Oval | 32,000 | 21 July 1945 |
Footscray | 9.7 (61) | Fitzroy | 8.15 (63) | Western Oval | 19,000 | 21 July 1945 |
Melbourne | 10.17 (77) | Collingwood | 16.16 (112) | Punt Road Oval | 15,000 | 21 July 1945 |
Round 15
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Essendon | 18.15 (123) | St Kilda | 3.6 (24) | Windy Hill | 5,000 | 28 July 1945 |
Richmond | 13.14 (92) | Melbourne | 11.13 (79) | Punt Road Oval | 13,000 | 28 July 1945 |
South Melbourne | 18.27 (135) | Geelong | 10.7 (67) | Junction Oval | 8,000 | 28 July 1945 |
North Melbourne | 11.7 (73) | Footscray | 8.6 (54) | Arden Street Oval | 12,000 | 28 July 1945 |
Hawthorn | 9.13 (67) | Collingwood | 15.9 (99) | Glenferrie Oval | 8,000 | 28 July 1945 |
Fitzroy | 7.12 (54) | Carlton | 9.4 (58) | Brunswick Street Oval | 16,000 | 28 July 1945 |
Round 16
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Geelong | 7.14 (56) | Melbourne | 17.13 (115) | Kardinia Park | 7,000 | 4 August 1945 |
Footscray | 7.13 (55) | South Melbourne | 8.8 (56) | Western Oval | 27,000 | 4 August 1945 |
Collingwood | 16.8 (104) | Essendon | 10.15 (75) | Victoria Park | 19,000 | 4 August 1945 |
Richmond | 15.15 (105) | Hawthorn | 19.7 (121) | Punt Road Oval | 13,000 | 4 August 1945 |
North Melbourne | 12.6 (78) | Fitzroy | 4.9 (33) | Arden Street Oval | 14,000 | 4 August 1945 |
St Kilda | 7.15 (57) | Carlton | 11.13 (79) | Junction Oval | 10,000 | 4 August 1945 |
Round 17
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Fitzroy | 17.27 (129) | St Kilda | 8.14 (62) | Brunswick Street Oval | 5,000 | 11 August 1945 |
Essendon | 14.22 (106) | Richmond | 10.13 (73) | Windy Hill | 12,000 | 11 August 1945 |
Carlton | 13.11 (89) | Collingwood | 13.5 (83) | Princes Park | 25,000 | 11 August 1945 |
South Melbourne | 21.8 (134) | North Melbourne | 10.16 (76) | Junction Oval | 26,000 | 11 August 1945 |
Hawthorn | 14.21 (105) | Geelong | 9.13 (67) | Glenferrie Oval | 5,500 | 11 August 1945 |
Melbourne | 12.18 (90) | Footscray | 12.9 (81) | Punt Road Oval | 12,000 | 11 August 1945 |
Round 18
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Footscray | 15.15 (105) | Hawthorn | 13.11 (89) | Western Oval | 12,000 | 18 August 1945 |
Collingwood | 17.19 (121) | St Kilda | 5.12 (42) | Victoria Park | 8,000 | 18 August 1945 |
North Melbourne | 11.17 (83) | Melbourne | 8.10 (58) | Arden Street Oval | 8,000 | 18 August 1945 |
South Melbourne | 10.13 (73) | Fitzroy | 11.16 (82) | Junction Oval | 20,000 | 18 August 1945 |
Geelong | 14.7 (91) | Essendon | 16.13 (109) | Kardinia Park | 8,500 | 18 August 1945 |
Richmond | 12.9 (81) | Carlton | 13.15 (93) | Punt Road Oval | 38,000 | 18 August 1945 |
Round 19
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Melbourne | 10.13 (73) | South Melbourne | 12.20 (92) | Punt Road Oval | 17,000 | 25 August 1945 |
Hawthorn | 11.11 (77) | North Melbourne | 10.10 (70) | Glenferrie Oval | 12,000 | 25 August 1945 |
Essendon | 15.17 (107) | Footscray | 9.13 (67) | Windy Hill | 20,000 | 25 August 1945 |
Collingwood | 16.7 (103) | Fitzroy | 10.17 (77) | Victoria Park | 24,000 | 25 August 1945 |
Carlton | 23.23 (161) | Geelong | 9.13 (67) | Princes Park | 9,000 | 25 August 1945 |
St Kilda | 7.6 (48) | Richmond | 13.22 (100) | Junction Oval | 8,000 | 25 August 1945 |
Round 20
Home team | Home team score | Away team | Away team score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Geelong | 13.14 (92) | St Kilda | 9.11 (65) | Kardinia Park | 7,500 | 1 September 1945 |
Fitzroy | 14.22 (106) | Melbourne | 15.11 (101) | Brunswick Street Oval | 5,000 | 1 September 1945 |
South Melbourne | 16.16 (112) | Hawthorn | 11.10 (76) | Junction Oval | 12,000 | 1 September 1945 |
North Melbourne | 14.17 (101) | Essendon | 13.17 (95) | Arden Street Oval | 12,000 | 1 September 1945 |
Richmond | 8.19 (67) | Collingwood | 12.15 (87) | Punt Road Oval | 23,000 | 1 September 1945 |
Footscray | 8.14 (62) | Carlton | 16.19 (115) | Western Oval | 30,000 | 1 September 1945 |
Ladder
| ||||||||||||
TEAM | P | W | L | D | PF | PA | % | PTS | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | South Melbourne | 20 | 16 | 4 | 0 | 1840 | 1396 | 131.81 | 64 | |||
2 | Collingwood | 20 | 15 | 5 | 0 | 1902 | 1477 | 128.77 | 60 | |||
3 | North Melbourne | 20 | 13 | 7 | 0 | 1696 | 1526 | 111.14 | 52 | |||
4 | Carlton (P) | 20 | 13 | 7 | 0 | 1718 | 1607 | 106.91 | 52 | |||
5 | Footscray | 20 | 12 | 8 | 0 | 1717 | 1576 | 108.95 | 48 | |||
6 | Fitzroy | 20 | 11 | 8 | 1 | 1730 | 1452 | 119.15 | 46 | |||
7 | Richmond | 20 | 11 | 9 | 0 | 1802 | 1742 | 103.44 | 44 | |||
8 | Essendon | 20 | 10 | 9 | 1 | 1837 | 1614 | 113.82 | 42 | |||
9 | Melbourne | 20 | 8 | 12 | 0 | 1683 | 1699 | 99.06 | 32 | |||
10 | Hawthorn | 20 | 6 | 14 | 0 | 1665 | 1944 | 85.65 | 24 | |||
11 | Geelong | 20 | 2 | 18 | 0 | 1415 | 2180 | 64.91 | 8 | |||
12 | St Kilda | 20 | 2 | 18 | 0 | 1305 | 2097 | 62.23 | 8 | |||
Key: P = Played, W = Won, L = Lost, D = Drawn, PF = Points For, PA = Points Against |
Finals
Semi finals
Home team | Score | Away team | Score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
North Melbourne | 8.20 (68) | Carlton | 14.10 (94) | Princes Park | 54,846 | 8 September |
South Melbourne | 13.10 (88) | Collingwood | 11.11 (77) | Princes Park | 46,224 | 15 September |
Preliminary Final
Home team | Score | Away team | Score | Venue | Crowd | Date |
Collingwood | 12.8 (80) | Carlton | 13.12 (90) | Princes Park | 41,305 | 22 September |
Grand final
Carlton defeated South Melbourne 15.13 (103) to 10.15 (75), in front of a crowd of 62,986 people. (For an explanation of scoring see Australian rules football).
Awards
- The 1945 VFL Premiership team was Carlton.
- The VFL's leading goalkicker was Fred Fanning of Melbourne with 67 goals.
- No Brownlow Medal was awarded in 1945.
- St Kilda took the "wooden spoon" in 1945.
- The seconds premiership was won by Footscray. Footscray 9.16 (70) defeated Fitzroy 9.3 (57) in the Grand Final, played as a stand-alone match on Saturday 22 September at Victoria Park before a crowd of 6,000.[1][2]
Notable events
- The home-and-away season was expanded to 20 rounds.
- South Melbourne's captain and Brownlow Medal winner Herbie Matthews and South Melbourne forward Keith Smith were dropped from the Round 13 match by their club for refusing to play in the positions they were directed to play in.
- After its Round 14 loss to Essendon, Carlton won its next nine consecutive matches (including the Grand Final).
- North Melbourne made the Finals for the first time since entering the VFL in 1925. Of the three clubs to enter the league in 1925, only Hawthorn had not yet made the Finals, and would not do so until 1957.
- Carlton's 1945 premiership win was the first time since the "Page-McIntyre system" had been adopted in 1931 that a team from fourth place on the home-and-away ladder (i.e., a team that had no "double chance") had won the Grand Final; the only other team to have done so prior to Carlton was Fitzroy in 1916.
- The Grand Final was played at Princes Park -- the last time it would be held there, and away from the Melbourne Cricket Ground until 1991.
- The Grand Final, played in extremely wet, muddy conditions, is remembered as "the Bloodbath" for its overall continuous violence (on the field and amongst the fans), and its plethora of crude king hits and brawls (many of which were broken up with the assistance of team officials and the police). The Melbourne tabloid newspaper, The Truth, called it "the most repugnant spectacle League football has ever known", with ten players reported for a total of sixteen offences.
- Tribunal outcomes following the conclusion of the Grand Final were:
--- South Melbourne:
-- Ted Whitfield was charged with using abusive language to goal umpire Les Whyte, attempting to strike field umpire Frank Spokes, kicking the ball away after a free kick was given against him, and attempting to conceal his guernsey so goal umpire Les Whyte could not report him. He was suspended for 21 matches (all of 1946 and the first two games of 1947). -- Jack "Basher" Williams was charged with using abusive language to Carlton's Rod McLean and goal umpire Les Whyte, and adopting a fighting attitude to Whyte when he went to report him. Suspended for 12 matches. -- Don Grossman was charged with striking Jim Mooring after Mooring had been awarded a mark. Suspended for 8 matches. -- "Gentleman" Jim Cleary was charged with striking Ken Hands (Carlton) after a mark, and attempting to strike Bob Chitty. He was found not guilty on attempted striking charge, but suspended for 8 matches on the striking charge. -- Herbie Matthews was charged with throwing the ball away after a mark was given against him, and was severely reprimanded. -- Keith Smith was charged with striking Jim Mooring, but was found not guilty.
--- Carlton:
-- Bob Chitty was charged with elbowing Billy Williams. He was suspended for 8 matches. -- Ron Savage was charged with striking Don Grossman in retaliation for Grossman having king-hit teammate Jim Mooring, which sparked a final-quarter bench-clearing brawl. Suspended for 8 matches. -- Fred Fitzgibbon was charged with one count of melee involvement; despite serving a four-match suspension from the preliminary final for having king-hit Collingwood forward Len Hustler, he ran onto the field during a final-quarter bench-clearing brawl and fought with Ted Whitfield before being ejected from the arena. Suspended for an additional four matches. -- Ken Hands was charged with charging Ron Clegg, but was found not guilty.
References
- Rogers, S. & Brown, A., Every Game Ever Played: VFL/AFL Results 1897-1997 (Sixth Edition), Viking Books, (Ringwood), 1998. ISBN 0-670-90809-6
- Ross, J. (ed), 100 Years of Australian Football 1897-1996: The Complete Story of the AFL, All the Big Stories, All the Great Pictures, All the Champions, Every AFL Season Reported, Viking, (Ringwood), 1996. ISBN 0-670-86814-0
External links
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