1943 in science
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| List of years in science (table) |
|---|
| ... 1933 . 1934 . 1935 . 1936 . 1937 . 1938 . 1939 ... 1940 1941 1942 -1943- 1944 1945 1946 ... 1947 . 1948 . 1949 . 1950 . 1951 . 1952 . 1953 ... |
| Art . Archaeology . Architecture . Literature . Music . Philosophy . Science +... |
The year 1943 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.
Biology
- July 21 - Living specimens of Metasequoia glyptostroboides, the Dawn Redwood, previously known only as a Mesozoic fossil, are located in China.[1]
- The University of Oxford acquires the nearby Wytham Woods which become an important centre for research into ecology in England.
Computer science
- March–December - Construction of British prototype Mark I Colossus computer, the world's first totally electronic programmable computing device, at the Post Office Research Station, Dollis Hill, to assist in cryptanalysis at Bletchley Park.[2]
- May 17 - The United States Army contracts with the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School to develop the ENIAC.
Earth sciences
- February 20 - The cinder cone volcano Parícutin begins to appear in Mexico, giving volcanologists an unusual opportunity to observe its complete life cycle.[3][4][5]
Pharmacology
- March 23 - The drugs Vicodin and Lortab are made in Germany.
- October 19 - The antibiotic streptomycin (the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis) is first isolated by Albert Schatz in the laboratory of Selman Abraham Waksman at Rutgers University in the United States.[6]
Psychology
- Abraham Maslow proposes the Hierarchy of Needs theory of psychology in his paper "A Theory of Human Motivation".
Physiology and medicine
- Leo Kanner of the Johns Hopkins Hospital first adopts the term autism in its modern sense in English in referring to early infantile autism.[7]
- Warren S. McCulloch and Walter Pitts publish "A Logical Calculus of the Ideas Immanent in Nervous Activity" in Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, considered seminal in neural network theory.[8]
- Dr. Willem J. Kolff builds the first dialysis machine, in the occupied Netherlands.[9]
- New Zealand-born British anaesthetist Robert Reynolds Macintosh introduces his new curved laryngoscope blade for tracheal intubation.[10][11]
Technology
- May 16–17 - Operation Chastise: British Royal Air Force attacks German dams using 'bouncing bombs' designed by Barnes Wallis.[12]
- Lyle Goodhue and William Sullivan patent the refillable aerosol spray in the United States, for use with mosquito-repellant.[13]
Awards
Births
- January 14 - Ralph Steinman (died 2011), Canadian-born winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2011).
- May 9 - Colin Pillinger, English astrophysicist.
- June 6 - Richard Smalley (died 2005), American winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1996) for the discovery of a new form of carbon, buckminsterfullerene.
Deaths
- January 5 - George Washington Carver (born c.1864), African American agricultural botanist.
- January 7 - Nikola Tesla (born 1856), Croatian-born Serbian American inventor.
- January 26 - Nikolai Vavilov (born 1887), Russian plant pathologist (in prison).
- February 14 - David Hilbert (born 1862), German mathematician.
- March 28 - Robert W. Paul (born 1869), English pioneer of cinematography.
- April 8 - Kiyotsugu Hirayama (born 1874), Japanese astronomer.
- June 26 - Karl Landsteiner (born 1868), Austrian-born American Jewish physiologist.
- September 23 - John Bradfield (born 1867), Australian civil engineer.
- October 1 - Albert Stewart Meek (born 1871), English-born Australian ornithologist.
- Abraham Buschke (born 1868), German Jewish dermatologist (in Theresienstadt concentration camp).
References
- ↑ Ma, Jinshuang; Shao, Guofan (2003). "Rediscovery of the 'first collection' of the 'Living Fossill', Metasequoia glyptostroboides". Taxon 52: 585–8.
- ↑ Copeland, B. Jack, ed. (2006). Colossus: the Secrets of Bletchley Park's Codebreaking Computers. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-284055-4.
- ↑ "The Eruption of Parícutin (1943-1952)". How Volcanoes Work. Retrieved 2012-10-23.
- ↑ "Parícutin, Mexico". Volcano World. Retrieved 2012-10-23.
- ↑ "Parícutin: The Birth of a Volcano". Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 2012-10-23.
- ↑ Comroe, J. H., Jr (1978). "Pay dirt: the story of streptomycin. Part I: from Waksman to Waksman". American Review of Respiratory Disease 117 (4): 773–781. PMID 417651.
- ↑ Kanner, L. (1943). "Autistic disturbances of affective contact". Nervous Child 2: 217–50. Retrieved 9 May 2011. Reprinted in: Acta Paedopsychiatrica 35: 100–36. 1968. PMID 4880460.
- ↑ Aizawa, Ken (2004). "McCulloch, Warren Sturgis". Dictionary of the Philosophy of Mind. Retrieved 2011-12-03.
- ↑ Moore, Carrie A. (2009-02-11). "Kolff, 'father of artificial organs,' dies at 97". Deseret News (Salt Lake City). Retrieved 2012-06-13.
- ↑ Macintosh, R. R. (1943). "A new laryngoscope". The Lancet 241 (6233): 205. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(00)89390-3.
- ↑ Scott, J.; Baker, P. A. (2009). "How did the Macintosh laryngoscope become so popular?". Paediatric Anaesthesia 19 (Supplement 1): 24–9. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9592.2009.03026.x. PMID 19572841.
- ↑ Flower, Stephen (2002). A Hell Of A Bomb. Tempus. ISBN 0-7524-2386-X.
- ↑ McGrath, Kimberley A.; Travers, Bridget E. (ed.). World of Invention. Detroit: Thomson Gale. ISBN 0-7876-2759-3. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 27 June 2011.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike; additional terms may apply for the media files.