1628

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Cardinal Richelieu at the Siege of La Rochelle. Painting by Henri Motte from 1881.

Dutch admiral Piet Hein, leader of the Dutch fleet that captured the Spanish treasure fleet in the Battle in the Bay of Matanzas.

Year 1628 (MDCXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Tuesday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.

Events

January–June

• January 25 – Shah Jahan crowned as ruler of the Mughal Empire in Agra.
• March 1 – Writs issued in February by King Charles I required every county in England (not just seaport towns) to pay ship tax by this date.
• March 17 – Oliver Cromwell makes first appearance in the English Parliament as Member for Huntingdon.
• May–August 4 – Thirty Years' War: As a result of its refusal to accept the Capitulation of Franzburg, Stralsund is besieged by Wallenstein's imperial army.
• June 7 – King Charles I reconvenes the English Parliament and accepts the Petition of Right as a concession to gain his subsidies.

July–December

• August 4 – Thirty Years' War: With the help of Danish and Swedish reinforcements, Stralsund is able to resist Wallenstein's siege until the landing of a Danish army, led by Christian IV of Denmark, forces Wallenstein to raise the siege and move his army to confront the new threat.
• August 10 – The Swedish 64 gun sailing ship Vasa sinks on her maiden voyage in the Stockholm harbor.
• August 23 – George Villiers, the first Duke of Buckingham, is assassinated by John Felton.
• September 2 – Thirty Years' War: Wallenstein defeats Christian IV of Denmark's army in the Battle of Wolgast.
• September 6 – Puritans settle Salem, which will later become part of Massachusetts Bay Colony.
• September 7–September 8 – Eighty Years' War: Dutch admiral Piet Hein captures 16 ships of the Spanish treasure fleet in the Battle in the Bay of Matanzas. The immense booty taken brings in over 11 million guilders, part of which is used to fund the entire army of the Dutch republic for 8 months long.
• October 28 – The Siege of La Rochelle ends with the surrender of the Huguenots.

Date unknown

• William Harvey publishes Exercitatio Anatomica de Motu Cordis et Sanguinis in Animalibus in Frankfurt, containing his findings about blood circulation.
• Publication of Sir Edward Coke's Institutes of the Lawes of England begins with A Commentary upon Littleton. This will remain an influential legal text on both sides of the Atlantic for three centuries.
• The Collegiate School, today the oldest educational institution in North America, is established.
• The War of the Mantuan Succession breaks out over Mantua and Montferrat. The war is fought between the Duke of Savoy, who is supported by Spain, and the Duke of Nevers, who is supported by France.

• The first black slaves arrive in the Dutch Manhattan.

Births

• January 1 – Christoph Bernhard, German composer (d. 1692)
• January 3 – Alvise II Mocenigo, doge of Venice (d. 1709)
• January 8 – François Henri de Montmorency-Bouteville, duc de Luxembourg, French general (d. 1695)
• January 10 – Jan Theunisz Blanckerhoff, Dutch Golden Age marine painter (d. 1669)
• January 10 – George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (d. 1687)
• January 10 – John Bennet (MP), English landowner and politician (d. 1663)
• January 12 – Charles Perrault, French folklorist (d. 1703)
• January 14 – Sir Roger Bradshaigh, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1684)
• January 19 – Charles Stanley, 8th Earl of Derby (d. 1672)
• January 20 – Henry Cromwell, fourth son of Oliver Cromwell (d. 1674)
• January 23 – Johann Reinhard II, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg, (d. 1666)
• February 1 – Jan Hackaert, Dutch painter (d. 1685)
• February 5 – César d'Estrées, Catholic cardinal (d. 1714)
• February 14 – Valentine Greatrakes (d. 1683)
• February 24 – Paolo Spinola, 3rd Marquis of the Balbases (d. 1699)
• February 25 – Claire-Clémence de Maillé-Brézé, French noblewoman (d. 1694)
• March 2 – Cornelis Speelman (d. 1684)
• March 10 – Marcello Malpighi, Italian doctor (d. 1694)
• March 12 – Jacques Frémin, French Jesuit missionary to Canada (d. 1691)
• March 17 – François Girardon, French sculptor (d. 1715)
• March 17 – Daniel Papebroch, Jesuit hagiographer (d. 1714)
• March 20 – Sir John Hobart, 3rd Baronet, English landowner and politician (d. 1683)
• March 24 – Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg (d. 1685)
• April 2 – Constantin Christian Dedekind, German poet (d. 1715)
• April 16 – Cornelis Evertsen the Younger, Dutch admiral (d. 1679)
• April 22 – Georg Matthäus Vischer, Austrian cartographer (d. 1696)
• April 23 – Johann van Waveren Hudde, Dutch mathematician (d. 1704)
• April 24 – William Beecher (died 1694), English politician (d. 1694)
• April 25 – Sir William Temple, 1st Baronet, English statesman and essayist (d. 1699)
• May 7 – Étienne Le Hongre, French sculptor (d. 1690)
• May 8 – Angelo Italia, Sicilian Baroque architect (d. 1700)
• May 9 – Sir William Gardiner, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1691)
• May 15 – Carlo Cignani, Italian painter (d. 1719)
• May 15 – Dominique Bouhours, French Jesuit priest (d. 1702)
• May 17 – Archduke Ferdinand Charles of Austria, regent of the Tyrol (d. 1662)
• May 24 – Marek Sobieski (1628–1652), Polish noble (d. 1652)
• June 1 – John Dugdale (herald), herald in the College of Arms (d. 1700)
• June 4 – Christopher Delphicus zu Dohna, Swedish diplomat (d. 1668)
• June 5 – Arthur Sparke, English lawyer and politician (d. 1677)
• June 15 – Walter Marshall (Puritan), English Puritan(d. 1680)
• June 21 – Alexander Parker (Quaker), Quaker preacher and author (d. 1689)
• July 11 – Tokugawa Mitsukuni, Japanese warlord (d. 1701)
• July 12 – Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk, second son of Henry Howard (d. 1684)
• July 17 – Richard Powle, English politician (d. 1678)
• August 12 – Gabriel Gerberon, Jansenist monk (d. 1711)
• August 20 – Emmanuel Philibert, Prince of Carignano, (d. 1709)
• August 29 – John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, English royalist statesman (d. 1701)
• September 7 – Sir William Courtenay, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1702)
• September 21 – Barend Graat, Dutch painter (d. 1709)
• September 23 – David Klöcker Ehrenstrahl, German artist (d. 1698)
• October 12 – Hermann of Baden-Baden, general and diplomat in the imperial service (d. 1691)
• October 12 – William Christopher of Baden-Baden, margrave of Baden and canon at Cologne (d. 1652)
• October 21 – Ursula Micaela Morata, Spanish writer (d. 1703)
• October 23 – Henry Eyre (barrister), English lawyer and politician (d. 1678)
• October 24 – Lucrezia Barberini, Italian noblewoman (d. 1699)
• November 28 – John Bunyan, English writer (d. 1688)
• December 12 – Anna Salome of Manderscheid-Blankenheim (d. 1691)
• December 21 – Samuel Capricornus, Czech composer (d. 1665)
• December 25 – Noël Coypel, French painter (d. 1707)
• December 26 – John Page (Middle Plantation) (d. 1692)
• probable – Jacob Isaakszoon van Ruisdael, celebrated Dutch landscape painter (d. 1682)

Deaths

• March 12 – John Bull, English composer (b. c. 1562)
• March 29 – Tobias Matthew, Archbishop of York (b. 1546)
• June 8 – Rudolph Goclenius, German philosopher (b. 1547)
• July 13 – Robert Shirley, English adventurer (b. c. 1581)
• August 6 – Johannes Junius, Mayor of Bamberg (b. 1573)
• August 23 – George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, English statesman (b. 1592)
• September 30 – Fulke Greville, 1st Baron Brooke, English writer (b. 1554)
• October 16 – François de Malherbe, French poet and critic (b. 1555)
• November 15 – Roque Gonzales, Paraguayan missionary (b. 1576)
• November 16 – Paolo Quagliati, Italian composer (b. c. 1555)
• date unknown – Gregor Aichinger, German composer (b. c. 1565)

In fiction

• The events of the historical novel The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas take place in this year, and include fictionalized versions of the Siege of La Rochelle and the assassination of the Duke of Buckingham.

References