1582

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1582.

Year 1582 (MDLXXXII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar, and a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Proleptic Gregorian calendar. However, this year also saw the beginning of the Gregorian Calendar switch, when the Papal bull known as Inter gravissimas introduced the Gregorian calendar, adopted by Spain, Portugal, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and most of present-day Italy from the start. In these countries, the year continued as normal until Thursday, October 4. However, the next day became Friday, October 15 (like a common year starting on Friday), in those countries (France followed two months later, letting Sunday, December 9 be followed by Monday, December 20). Other countries continued using the Julian calendar, switching calendars in later years, and the complete conversion of the Gregorian calendar was not entirely done until 1929.

Events

January–June

• January 15 – Russia cedes Livonia and Southern-Estonia to Poland.
• February 10 – François, Duke of Anjou, arrives in the Netherlands, where he is personally welcomed by William the Silent.
• February 24 – Pope Gregory XIII implements the Gregorian Calendar.
• March 9 – Edward Kelley arrives at John Dee's house.
• April 16 – Spanish conquistador Hernando de Lerma founds the settlement of Salta, Argentina.
• May–August – Robert Browne and his Brownist congregationalist companions are obliged to leave England and go to Middelburg in the Netherlands.^[1]
• June 21 – The Incident at Honnō-ji occurs in Kyoto, Japan.

July–December

• July 26 – Battle of Ponta Delgada (War of the Portuguese Succession): Spanish admiral Santa Cruz decisively defeats a larger mercenary fleet from France, England, supporters of the Portuguese claimant António, Prior of Crato, and the Dutch Republic, under Filippo di Piero Strozzi (who is killed) off the Azores, the first engagement between large fleets of galleons operating at any great distance from the mainland.^[2]
• October 4 of Julian calendar (Thursday) – Italy, Poland and Iberian Peninsula make the next day Friday, October 15 of the Gregorian Calendar, skipping over 10 days. Other countries follow at various later dates.
• October 4 – Saint Teresa of Ávila dies. She is buried the next day, October 15.
• November 29 – Marriage of future English playwright William Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway.
• December 9 of Julian calendar (Sunday) – France makes the next day Monday, December 20 of the Gregorian Calendar.

Date unknown

• Kumbum is founded in Tibet.
• In Ming Dynasty China
  • Jesuit Matteo Ricci is allowed to enter the country.
  • The earliest reference to the publishing of private newspapers in Beijing.
• The sultanate of Morocco begins to press southward in search of a greater share of the trans-Saharan trade.
• Toyotomi Hideyoshi attacks a fortress at Takamatsu.
• The Douai-Rheims Bible New Testament is published.
• "On Embassies" published by Flavius Ursinus.^[3]
• John Dee practices angel magic with scryer Edward Kelley, including the Angelic Alphabet.^[4]

Births

• January 28 – John Barclay, Scottish satirist and Latin poet (d. 1621)
• May 1 – Marco da Gagliano, Italian composer (d. 1643)
• May 28 – William Fiennes, 1st Viscount Saye and Sele, English statesman (d. 1662)
• August 28 – Taichang Emperor, of the Ming dynasty of China (d. 1620)
• October 17 – Johann Gerhard, Lutheran church leader (d. 1637)
• October 19 – Dmitri Ivanovich, Russian Tsarevich (d. 1591)
• November 27 – Pierre Dupuy, French scholar (d. 1651)
• December 23 – Severo Bonini, Italian composer (d. 1663)
• date unknown
  • Giovanni Francesco Abela, Maltese writer (d. 1655)
  • Giulio Alenio, Italian Jesuit missionary (d. 1649)
  • Gregorio Allegri, Italian composer (d. 1652)
  • John Bainbridge, English astronomer (d. 1648)
  • Richard Corbet, English poet (d. 1635)
  • William Feilding, 1st Earl of Denbigh (d. 1643)
  • Phineas Fletcher, English poet (d. 1650)
  • Kobayakawa Hideaki, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1602)
  • William Juxon, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1663)
  • William Lithgow, Scottish traveller (d. 1645)
  • François Maynard, French poet (d. 1646)
  • Thomas Moulson, Lord Mayor of London (d. 1638)
  • David Teniers the Elder, Flemish painter (d. 1649)
  • Francis Windebank, English politician (d. 1646)
  • Jakub Zadzik, Polish nobleman and diplomat (d. 1642)
• probable
  • Sigismondo d'India, Italian composer (d. 1629)

Deaths

• January 26 – Thomas Platter, Swiss humanist scholar (b. 1499)
• March 18 – Juan Jauregui, attempted assassin of William I of Orange (b. 1562)
• March 30 – Takeda Nobukado, Japanese nobleman (b. 1529)
• April 3 – Takeda Katsuyori, Daimyo of Takeda Clan (b. 1546)
• April 16 – Oyamada Nobushige, Japanese samurai (b. 1545)
• May 3 or May 4 – Giorgio Mainerio, Italian composer (b. 1530 or 1540)
• May 5 – Charlotte of Bourbon, third wife of William I of Orange (b. 1547 or 1548)
• June 21
  • Oda Nobunaga, Daimyo of the Oda Clan (b. 1534) (forced suicide)
  • Anayama Nobukimi, Japanese military commander (b. 1541)
• June 23 – Shimizu Muneharu, Japanese military commander (b. 1537)
• July 2 – Akechi Mitsuhide, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1528)
• July 3 – James Crichton, Scottish scholar (b. 1560)
• July 7 – Kawajiri Hidetaka, Japanese samurai (b. 1527)
• September 28 – George Buchanan, Scottish humanist scholar (b. 1506)
• October 4 – Saint Teresa of Avila, Spanish Carmelite nun and poet (b. 1515)
• December 11 – Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba, Spanish general (b. 1507)
• date unknown
  • Wu Cheng'en, Chinese novelist and poet of the Ming Dynasty
  • Giocangga, chieftain of the Jurchens
  • Jacques Peletier du Mans, French mathematician (b. 1517)
  • Hans Hendrik van Paesschen, Flemish architect (b. 1510)
  • Zhang Juzheng, Ming Dynasty official (b. 1525)

References