13th century in literature
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See also: 13th century in poetry, 12th century in literature, 14th century in literature, list of years in literature.
Events
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- 1204 - The Imperial Library of Constantinople is destroyed by Christian knights of the Fourth Crusade and its contents burned or sold.[1]
- 1211 - Hélinand of Froidmont begins compiling his Chronicon.[2]
- 1226: By August - The biographical poem L'histoire de Guillaume le Maréchal, commissioned to commemorate the life of William Marshal, 1st Earl of Pembroke (d. 1219), a rare example at this time of a life of a lay person, is completed, probably by a Tourangeau layman called John in the southern Welsh Marches.[3]
- 1240 - Albert of Stade joins the Franciscan order and begins his chronicle.[4]
- 1249: September 27 - Chronicler Guillaume de Puylaurens is present at the death of Raymond VII of Toulouse.
- 1251 - The carving of the Tripitaka Koreana, a collection of Buddhist scriptures recorded on some 81,000 wooden blocks, is completed.
- 1258: February 13 - The House of Wisdom in Baghdad is destroyed by forces of the Mongol Empire following the end of the Siege of Baghdad. It is said that the waters of the Tigris run black with ink from the enormous quantities of books flung into the river and red from the blood of the philosophers and scientists killed.
- 1274: May 1 - In Florence, the nine-year-old Dante Alighieri first sees the eight-year-old Beatrice, his lifelong muse.
- 1276 - Merton College, Oxford, is first recorded as having a collection of books, making its Library the world's oldest in continuous daily use.[5]
- 1289 - Library of the Collège de Sorbonne, earliest predecessor of the Bibliothèque de la Sorbonne, is founded in Paris.[6]
- 1298–1299 - Marco Polo dictates his Travels to Rustichello da Pisa while in prison in Genoa, according to tradition.
New works
- 13th century
- Huon of Bordeaux
- Beatrice of Nazareth - Seven Ways of Holy Love, the earliest prose work in Dutch
- Zhou Mi - Miscellaneous observations from the year of Guixin (癸辛雜識)
- c. 1200
- early 13th century
- 1205 - Lancelot-Grail
- c. 1210 - Gottfried von Strassburg - Tristan
- 1212 - Kamo no Chōmei - Hōjōki
- 1214 - Gervase of Tilbury - Otia Imperialia
- c. 1215
- Bertrand de Bar-sur-Aube - Girard de Vienne
- Rumi - diwan-e Shams-e Tabrizi, masnavi in Persian
- 1220 - Ibn Hammad - Akhbar muluk bani Ubayd
- c. 1220s - Snorri Sturlusson - Prose Edda
- c. 1225
- Francis of Assisi - Laudes creaturarum or Cantico delle creature ("Praise of God's creation"), the oldest known Italian poetry[11]
- King Horn, the oldest known English verse romance[12]
- 1227 - Brother Robert - Tristrams saga ok Ísöndar, an Old Norse translation of the Tristan and Iseult legend
- c. 1227 - Henry of Latvia - Livonian Chronicle of Henry
- c. 1230
- La Mort le roi Artu, French prose romance
- Guillaume de Lorris - First section of Romance of the Rose
- c. 1230s - Post-Vulgate Cycle
- c. 1240 - Rudolf von Ems - Alexanderroman
- mid-13th century
- Doön de Mayence
- Old incidents in the Xuanhe period of the great Song Dynasty (大宋宣和遺事)
- c. 1250–1282 - Mechthild of Magdeburg - Das fließende Licht der Gottheit ("The Flowing Light of Divinity"; originally composed in Middle Low German)
- 1252
- Calyla e Dymna, translation of the Panchatantra into Castilian
- Jikkunshō
- 1259 - Bonaventure - Itinerarium Mentis ad Deum ("Journey of the Mind to God")
- completed 1260 - Minhaj-i-Siraj - Tabaqat-i Nasiri
- c. 1260 - Sa'di - Gulistan, Bustan poets and texts in Persian
- 1263 - Bonaventure - Life of St. Francis of Assisi
- c. 1263 - Jacob van Maerlant - Der Naturen Bloeme
- c. 1264–1273 - Thomas Aquinas - Summa contra Gentiles
- c. 1264 - Jacob van Maerlant - De Spieghel Historiael
- c. 1270
- Ibn al-Nafis - Theologus Autodidactus
- Poetic Edda written in Codex Regius
- 1274 - Bonvesin da la Riva - Libro de le tre scritture (Negra, Rubra, Aurea) (Western Lombard)
- c. 1275 - Jean de Meun - Second section of Romance of the Rose
- late 13th century
- Amir Khusrow - The Tale of the Four Dervishes (Persian: قصه چهار درویش, Ghesseh-ye Chahār Darvīsh)
- Njáls saga
- c. 1280 - Heinrich der Vogler - Dietrichs Flucht
- c. 1280s - The Owl and the Nightingale
- 1283
- 1288 - Bonvesin da la Riva - De magnalibus urbis Mediolani ("On the Marvels of Milan")
- 1288-9 - Amir Khusrow - Qiran-us-Sa’dain ("Meeting of the Two Auspicious Stars") (masnavi)
- 1290-1 - Amir Khusrow - Miftah-ul-Futooh ("Key to the Victories") (masnavi)
- 1293 - Dante Alighieri - La Vita Nuova
- 1294 - Amir Khusrow - Ghurratul-Kamal (diwan)
- c. 1295 - Mathieu of Boulogne - Liber lamentationum Matheoluli ("Book of the Lamentations of Matheolus")
- 1298 - Amir Khusrow - Khamsa-e-Nizami
- 1299 - Rustichello da Pisa - The Travels of Marco Polo
- c. 1300 - Gesta Romanorum
New drama
- The Orphan of Zhao (趙氏孤兒 Zhaoshi guer)
Births
- 1207: September 9 - Rumi, Persian poet (died 1273)
- 1255: January 28 - Thomas Aquinas, Italian philosopher and theologian (died 1274)
- 1266 (probable) - Duns Scotus, Scottish philosopher and theologian (died 1308)
Deaths
- c. 1210 - Gottfried von Strassburg, German writer
- 1212 - Adam of Dryburgh, Anglo-Scots theologian (born c. 1140)
- 1223 - Gerald of Wales, Cambro-Norman churchman and topographer (born c. 1146)
- 1228 (probable) - Gervase of Tilbury, English lawyer, statesman and writer (born c. 1150)
- 1251 (probable) - Albertanus of Brescia, Latin prose writer (born c. 1195)
- 1252 (probable) - Alberic of Trois-Fontaines, Cistercian chronicler
- 1253: October 9 - Robert Grosseteste, English churchman and scholar (born c. 1175)
- 1268 - Henry de Bracton, English lawyer (born c. 1210)
- 1273: December 17 - Rumi, Persian poet (born 1207)
- 1274
- March 7 - Thomas Aquinas, Italian philosopher and theologian (born 1255)
- July 12 - Bonaventure, philosopher and theologian
- 1285 - Rutebeuf, French trouvère (born c. 1245)
- 1294 - Roger Bacon, English scholar (born c. 1214)
References
- ↑ Bradford, Ernle. The Great Betrayal: The Great Siege of Constantinople.
- ↑ Verkholantsev, Julia (2008). Ruthenica Bohemica. Vienna: Lit Verlag GmbH. p. 70. ISBN 978-3-7000-0851-4.
- ↑ Crouch, David (2004). "Marshal, William (I), fourth earl of Pembroke (c.1146–1219)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/18126. Retrieved 2013-11-05. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
- ↑ Shell-Gellasch, Amy (2005). From Calculus to Computers: Using the Last 200 Years of Mathematics History in the Classroom. Mathematical Association of America. p. 110. ISBN 0-88385-178-4.
- ↑ "Library & Archives - History". Oxford: Merton College. Retrieved 2012-05-08.
- ↑ Stam, David H. (January 2001). International Dictionary of Library Histories. Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers. pp. 880–. ISBN 978-1-57958-244-9.
- ↑ The Nibelungenlied: The Lay of the Nibelungs. Oxford University Press. 2010. p. xi. ISBN 978-0-19-923854-5.
- ↑ Wada, Yoko (2010). A Companion to Ancrene Wisse. Cambridge, UK: D.S. Brewer. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-84384-243-9.
- ↑ Beeman, William O. (1986). Language, Status, and Power in Iran. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. p. 43. ISBN 0-253-33139-0.
- ↑ Black, Fiona C. (2006). The Recycled Bible: Autobiography, Culture, and the Space Between. Society of Biblical Literature location=Atlanta, GA. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-58983-146-9.
- ↑ Brand, Peter; Pertile, Lino, eds. (1999). "2 - Poetry. Francis of Assisi". The Cambridge History of Italian Literature. Cambridge University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-52166622-0. Retrieved 2013-09-29.
- ↑ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 79–81. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
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