1170s in England

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1170s in England:
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1150s \| 1160s \| 1170s \| 1180s \| 1190s

Events from the 1170s in England.

Incumbents

Monarch - King Henry II

Events

1170
- April - Henry holds an inquiry into the financial dealings of his sheriffs.^[1]
- 14 June - Coronation of Henry the Young King, son of Henry II of England, by Roger, Archbishop of York.^[2]
- 22 July - There is a reconciliation between Henry II and Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in Fréteval in Western France.^[2]
- 21 September - Richard de Clare, 2nd Earl of Pembroke captures Dublin.^[1]
- 29 December - Murder of Thomas Becket by four of Henry II's knights Reginald Fitzurse, Hugh de Morville, William de Tracy, and Richard le Breton inside Canterbury Cathedral.^[2]
1171
- 16 October - Henry II lands in Ireland and declares himself Lord of Ireland.^[2]
1172
- 17 April - Henry leaves Ireland, having received the support of the Church for his claim.^[1]
- 21 May - In Avranches Cathedral, Henry II performs a ceremony of penance for the death of Becket, in return for a papal agreement to clear him of the murder.^[3]
1173
- 21 February - Canonisation of Thomas Becket; his tomb at Canterbury becomes a shrine and popular pilgrimage destination.^[1]
- March - Henry the Young King withdraws to the French court, marking the beginning of the Revolt of 1173–1174, a dispute between Henry II, Eleanor of Aquitaine and three of their sons over the territories they control. William I of Scotland invades the North of England in support of the rebellion.^[4]
1174
- 7 April - Richard of Dover enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
- 12 July - Henry II does penance at Canterbury for the murder of Becket.^[2]
- 13 July - Battle of Alnwick: William I of Scotland is captured by Ranulf de Glanvill after attacking England in support of the revolt.^[1]
- 5 September - The choir of Canterbury Cathedral is destroyed by fire.^[2]
- 30 September - Treaty of Montlouis: the rebellion of Henry II's sons ends peacefully.^[2]
- 8 December - Treaty of Falaise signed between Henry II and William I of Scotland permits William's release in return for homage.^[1]
- Horse racing at Newmarket is first recorded, making it the earliest known racing venue of the post-classical era.
1175
- Henry's son, Richard, begins to subjugate remaining rebels against English rule in Aquitaine.^[1]
- October - Treaty of Windsor: Henry II recognises Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair as High King of Ireland in return for payment of tribute.^[1]
1176
- January - The Assize of Northampton passed, making criminal penalties more severe.^[2]
- Construction of the first stone-built London Bridge.^[5]
1177
- May - Council of Oxford: Henry II grants Cork and Limerick to English barons, provides for the administration of Leinster and makes his son, John of England, Lord of Ireland.^[1] He also grants lordships in Shropshire to his brother-in-law, Prince Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd.
- 21 September - Pact of Ivry: Non-aggression treaty between England and France, which also lays the foundations for the Third Crusade.^[1]
1178
- Foundation of the first Carthusian abbey in England, at Witham in Somerset.^[1]
1179
- April - Establishment of the Grand Assize, using a jury to decide legal claims over property ownership, instead of trial by combat.^[1]
- Richard completes the subjugation of Aquitaine.^[1]
- Preston, Lancashire, is granted a Guild Merchant charter by Henry II.
- William the Englishman takes over the rebuilding of the choir and Trinity Chapel of Canterbury Cathedral after the previous architect, William of Sens, is injured in a fall,^[1] introducing the Early English Gothic style of architecture.^[6]
- Westminster School is founded by the monks of Westminster Abbey.

Births

1172
- Aubrey de Vere, 2nd Earl of Oxford (died 1214)
- Ranulph de Blondeville, 4th Earl of Chester (died 1232)
1175
- Robert Grosseteste, statesman, theologian and bishop (approximate date; died 1253)
1176
- Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (died 1220)
- William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury (approximate date; died 1226)
1177
- Robert de Ros, baron (died 1226)

Deaths

1170
- 29 December — Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1118)
1171
- 8 August — Henry of Blois, bishop of Winchester since 1129 (born 1111)
1173
- Roger de Clare, 3rd Earl of Hertford (born 1116)
1176
- 25 October — William d'Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel, politician (born c. 1109)
- Rosamund Clifford, mistress of Henry II of England (born 1150)
1177
- Before March — Hugh Bigod, 1st Earl of Norfolk (born 1095)

References

↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 69–72. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 126–127. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
↑ "Becket, the Church and Henry II". Retrieved 2007-12-14.
↑ Morgan, Kenneth O. (1998). The Oxford Popular History of Britain. Parragon. ISBN 0-7525-2572-7.
↑ Weinreb, Ben; Hibbert, Christopher (1995). The London Encyclopaedia. London: Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-57688-8.
↑ Sutton, Ian (1999). Architecture, from Ancient Greece to the Present. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-20316-3.

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