10 nanometres

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Comparison of sizes of semiconductor manufacturing process nodes with some microscopic objects and visible light wavelengths. At this scale, the width of a human hair is about 10 times that of the image.[1]

To help compare different orders of magnitude this page lists lengths between 10−8 and 10−7 metres (10 nanometres and 100 nanometres).

Distances shorter than 10 nanometres

  • 10 nm = 10 nanometres = 10−8 metres
  • 10 nm — lower size of tobacco smoke[2]
  • 10 nm Shortest Extreme Ultraviolet wavelength or longest X-ray wavelength[3]
  • 11 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell speculated to be manufactured in 2015.
  • 16 nm — technology is projected to be reached by semiconductor companies in the 2013 timeframe
  • 18 nm — diameter of tobacco mosaic virus[4] (Generally, viruses range in size from 20 nm to 450 nm.)[citation needed]
  • 20 nm — width of bacterial flagellum[5]
  • 20 nm to 80 nm — thickness of cell wall in Gram-positive bacteria[6]
  • 22 nm — Smallest feature size of production microprocessors in September 2009[7]
  • 22 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell expected to be manufactured at around the 2011–2011 time frame.
  • 30 nm — lower size of cooking oil smoke[2]
  • 32 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell manufactured at around the 2009–2010 time frame.
  • 45 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell manufactured at around the 2007–2008 time frame.
  • 50 nm — upper size for airborne virus particles[2]
  • 50 nm — flying height of the head of a hard disk[8]
  • 65 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell manufactured at around the 2005–2006 time frame.
  • 90 nm — the average half-pitch of a memory cell manufactured at around the 2002–2003 time frame.
  • 100 nm — larger than 90% of the particles of wood smoke[citation needed] (ranges from 7 to 3000 nanometres)[2]

Distances longer than 100 nanometres

Notes

  1. Graham T. Smith (2002). Industrial metrology. Springer. p. 253. ISBN 978-1-85233-507-6. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Annis, Patty J. October 1991. Kansas State University. Fine Particle POLLUTION. Figure 1. (tobacco smoke: 10 to 1000 nm; virus particles: 3 to 50 nm; bacteria: 30 to 30000 nm; cooking oil smoke: 30 to 30000 nm; wood smoke: 7 to 3000 nm)
  3. Introduction to the Electromagnetic Spectrum and Spectroscopy
  4. Stryer, Lubert (1988). Biochemistry. San Francisco: W.H. Freeman. ISBN 0-7167-1843-X. 
  5. Kojima S, Blair D (2004). "The bacterial flagellar motor: structure and function of a complex molecular machine". Int Rev Cytol. International Review of Cytology 233: 93–134. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(04)33003-2. ISBN 978-0-12-364637-8. PMID 15037363. 
  6. Microbiology Text.com
  7. http://www.physorg.com/news172852816.html accessed 2009.09.21
  8. help with PCs web site
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