Île-à-la-Crosse

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Île-à-la-Crosse
Sakitawak (Cree name)
village
Forts of Île-à-la-Crosse by George Back in 1820
Île-à-la-Crosse
Coordinates: 55°27′N 107°53′W / 55.450°N 107.883°W / 55.450; -107.883Coordinates: 55°27′N 107°53′W / 55.450°N 107.883°W / 55.450; -107.883
Country Canada
Province Saskatchewan
Trading Post 1776
Mission founded 1846
School founded 1860
Government
 • Type municipal
 • Mayor Duane Favel
 • Administrator Diane McCallum
 • MLA Athabasca Buckley Belanger
 • MP Desnethé—Missinippi—Churchill River Rob Clarke
Area
 • Total 23.84 km2 (9.20 sq mi)
Population (2011)
 • Total 1,365[1]
  Metis settlement
Time zone CST
 • Summer (DST) CST (UTC)
Postal code S0M 1C0
Area code(s) 306
Highways Churchill River, Hwy 155, Hwy 908
Website http://www.sakitawak.ca/

[2][3][4][5][6]

Official name: Île-à-la-Crosse National Historic Site of Canada
Designated: 1954

The village of Île-à-la-Crosse is located in the boreal forest of north west Saskatchewan. Situated on a peninsula on the western shore of Lac Île-à-la-Crosse it is accessed by Highway 908 off of Highway 155. It is classified as a "northern village" within the Northern Saskatchewan Administration District.[7]

The Cree name for Île-à-la-Crosse is Sakittawak which means "the place where the river flows out".

History

John Franklin's Coppermine Expedition map of 1819–1822 showing the fur trade route from Île-à-la-Crosse to Methye Portage

Île-à-la-Crosse is the second oldest community in Saskatchewan, Canada,[8] The village has a rich history being connected to the Churchill River, Beaver River and Canoe River systems.

It became the administrative centre of the English River District of the Hudson's Bay Company and an important supply depot on the fur trade route during the latter part of the 18th century and most of the 19th century. The English River District headed by the Chief Factor of Île-à-la-Crosse included other posts on Beaver Lake in Alberta and on Green Lake, Lac La Loche and Lac la Ronge in Saskatchewan.[9][10]

In 1846 a Roman Catholic mission was established by Father Alexandre-Antonin Taché and Father Louis-François Richer Laflèche of the Oblate Order.[11] and in 1860 three Grey Nuns arrived founding a school and a hospital.[12][13]

On April 27, 1885, during the North-West Rebellion most of the personnel and dependants of the Hudson's Bay Company Post and the Roman Catholic Mission of Île-à-la-Crosse alarmed at the looting of the Green Lake Post the previous day left the village and set up a camp on a small wooded island north of Patuanak. On May 24 they erected a large cross on their island of refuge (now known as Cross Island (55°59′46.1″N 107°40′26.9″W / 55.996139°N 107.674139°W / 55.996139; -107.674139) and returned to the village on May 29.[14]

Sara Riel the sister of Louis Riel is buried in Île-à-la-Crosse.[15] Sara became a Grey Nun in 1868 and took the name of Sister Marguerite-Marie in 1872. She served at the mission from 1871 to 1883. Her headstone in French reads: Ici Repose Rév. Sœur Marguerite Marie (Riel) Decédée 27 Decembre 1883, Agée 34 ans, R.I.P. [16] Louis Riel Sr. the father of Sara and Louis was born in Île-à-la-Crosse in 1817.

Île-à-la-Crosse celebrated its bi-centennial in 1976.[17]

For geography and fur trade history see Lac Île-à-la-Crosse.

The site was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1954.[18]

Demographics

The population of this northern village was 1,365 in 2011. Most are Métis people descendants of French, Scottish, Scandinavian and Cree settlers.[19]

In the 2006 census 1,240 or 93% of the residents identified themselves as Aboriginal.

Canada census – Île-à-la-Crosse community profile
 20112006

Population:
Land area:
Population density:
Median age:
Total private dwellings:
Median household income:

1,365 (+1.8% from 2006)
23.84 km2 (9.20 sq mi)
57.2 /km2 (148 /sq mi)
27.4 (M: 26.9, F: 27.9)
443

1,341 (+5.8% from 2001)
23.84 km2 (9.20 sq mi)
56.2 /km2 (146 /sq mi)
24.7 (M: 22.7, F: 27.2)
485






References: 2011[20] 2006[21]
Dog team and sled, Ile-à-la-Crosse, SK, about 1910

Education

Île-à-la-Crosse has two schools Rossignol Elementary Community School (Pre-K to Grade 6) designed by architect Douglas Cardinal and Rossignol High School (Grade 7-12) located in the Île-à-la-Crosse Integrated Services Centre a large complex which also includes a hospital, a daycare, senior's care and offices. The schools are within the Île-à-la-Crosse School Division No. 112.[22]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Canada Census 2011 (community profiles)". Retrieved 2012-10-16. 
  2. ↑ "GeoNames Query -Île-à-la-Crosse : Query Record Details". Government of Canada. Retrieved 2008-07-07. 
  3. ↑ National Archives, Archivia Net, Post Offices and Postmasters 
  4. ↑ Government of Saskatchewan, MRD Home, Municipal Directory System, retrieved 2012-10-16 
  5. ↑ Canadian Textiles Institute. (2005), CTI Determine your provincial constituency 
  6. ↑ Commissioner of Canada Elections, Chief Electoral Officer of Canada (2005), Elections Canada On-line 
  7. ↑ "Types of Municipalities". Saskatchewan Ministry of Municipal Affairs. Retrieved December 19, 2013. 
  8. ↑ "Île-à-la-Crosse". Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. 2006. Retrieved 2013-02-13. 
  9. ↑ George Bryce. (1910), The remarkable history of the Hudson's Bay Company (page 491), London: Sampson Low, Marston 
  10. ↑ Richard Somerset Mackie (1997), Trading Beyond the Mountains; The British Fur Trade on the Pacific, 1793-1843 (Map 1, p. xvi), Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press 
  11. ↑ "Religious History of St. John Baptiste Parish". Retrieved 13 August 2013. 
  12. ↑ "Religious History of St. John Baptiste Parish". Retrieved 13 August 2013. 
  13. ↑ Adamson, Julia (16 February 2013). "Saskatchewan Roman Catholic Churches ~ Online Parish Registers ~ History". Saskatchewan Gen Web. Ancestry.com. Retrieved 16 February 2013. 
  14. ↑ "Batoche: les missionnaires du nord-ouest pendant les troubles de 1885". Le Chevallier, Jules Jean Marie Joseph. Montreal: L'Oeuvre de presse dominicaine. 1941. Retrieved 2013-09-09. 
  15. ↑ "Riel, Sara (1848–83)". Encyclopedia of Saskatchewan. Canadian Plains Research Center, University of Regina. 2006. Retrieved 2013-02-13. 
  16. ↑ "Grave of Sister Marguerite Marie (Sara) Riel". THE VIRTUAL MUSEUM OF MÉTIS HISTORY AND CULTURE. Gabriel Dumont Institute. 2006. Retrieved 2013-02-13. 
  17. ↑ "Sakitawak Bi-Centennial (Île-à-la-Crosse 1776 - 1976)". Île-à-la-Crosse Bi-Centennial Committee. January 1977. Retrieved 2013-05-16. 
  18. ↑ Île-à-la-Crosse. Directory of Federal Heritage Designations. Parks Canada. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  19. ↑ "Sakitawak - Community, History and People". Sakitawak Development Corporation. Retrieved 2008-07-07. 
  20. ↑ "2011 Community Profiles". Canada 2011 Census. Statistics Canada. July 5, 2013. Retrieved 2013-05-15. 
  21. ↑ "2006 Community Profiles". Canada 2006 Census. Statistics Canada. March 30, 2011. Retrieved 2013-05-15. 
  22. ↑ "Île-à-la-Crosse School Division website". Retrieved 2013-05-18. 

External links

Official website

Dillon

Michel Village, St. George's Hill

 Buffalo Narrows , La Loche

Turnor Lake
La Ronge
   Île-à-la-Crosse  
Beauval,

Meadow Lake
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