Alpha catenin

catenin (cadherin-associated protein), alpha 1, 102kDa
Identifiers
Symbol CTNNA1
Entrez 1495
HUGO 2509
OMIM 116805
RefSeq NM_001903
UniProt P35221
Other data
Locus Chr. 5 q31.2
catenin (cadherin-associated protein), alpha 2
Identifiers
Symbol CTNNA2
Entrez 1496
HUGO 2510
OMIM 114025
RefSeq NM_004389
UniProt P26232
Other data
Locus Chr. 2 p12-p11.1
catenin (cadherin-associated protein), alpha 3
Identifiers
Symbol CTNNA3
Entrez 29119
HUGO 2511
OMIM 607667
RefSeq NM_013266
UniProt Q9UI47
Other data
Locus Chr. 10 q21

Alpha-catenin was suggested to function as a linking protein between cadherins and actin-containing filaments of the cytoskeleton.[1] It has been reported that the actin binding proteins vinculin[2] and alpha-actinin[3] can bind to alpha-catenin. However, a protein complex including a cadherin, actin, beta-catenin and alpha-catenin has not been isolated. It has been suggested that alpha-catenin does not bind with high affinity to both actin filaments and the E-cadherin-beta-catenin complex at the same time.[4] It has been observed that when alpha-catenin is not in a molecular complex with beta-catenin, it dimerizes and functions to regulate actin filament assembly, possibly by competing with Arp2/3 protein.[5]

The amino acid sequence of alpha-catenin has sequence similarity to that of vinculin.[6]

Contents

Types

There are three human alpha-catenin genes:

See also

External links

References

  1. ^ Cooper, Geoffrey M. (2000). "Figure 11.14: Model of attachment of actin filaments to catenin-cadherin complexes". The Cell: A Molecular Approach (2nd ed.). Sinauer Associates. ISBN 0-87893-219-4. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9908/figure/A1784/. 
  2. ^ Watabe-Uchida M, Uchida N, Imamura Y, et al. (August 1998). "alpha-Catenin-vinculin interaction functions to organize the apical junctional complex in epithelial cells". J. Cell Biol. 142 (3): 847–57. doi:10.1083/jcb.142.3.847. PMC 2148175. PMID 9700171. http://www.jcb.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=9700171. 
  3. ^ Knudsen KA, Soler AP, Johnson KR, Wheelock MJ (July 1995). "Interaction of alpha-actinin with the cadherin/catenin cell-cell adhesion complex via alpha-catenin". J. Cell Biol. 130 (1): 67–77. doi:10.1083/jcb.130.1.67. PMC 2120515. PMID 7790378. http://www.jcb.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=7790378. 
  4. ^ Yamada S, Pokutta S, Drees F, Weis WI, Nelson WJ (December 2005). "Deconstructing the cadherin-catenin-actin complex". Cell 123 (5): 889–901. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.09.020. PMID 16325582. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0092-8674(05)00974-8. 
  5. ^ Drees F, Pokutta S, Yamada S, Nelson WJ, Weis WI (December 2005). "Alpha-catenin is a molecular switch that binds E-cadherin-beta-catenin and regulates actin-filament assembly". Cell 123 (5): 903–15. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.09.021. PMID 16325583. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0092-8674(05)00975-X. 
  6. ^ Nagafuchi A, Takeichi M, Tsukita S (May 1991). "The 102 kd cadherin-associated protein: similarity to vinculin and posttranscriptional regulation of expression". Cell 65 (5): 849–57. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90392-C. PMID 1904011. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0092-8674(91)90392-C. 
Human
A1, A2, B, C1, G1, G2
I (MYO1A, MYO1B, MYO1C, MYO1D, MYO1E, MYO1F, MYO1G, MYO1H) · II (MYH1, MYH2, MYH3, MYH4, MYH6, MYH7, MYH7B, MYH8, MYH9, MYH10, MYH11, MYH13, MYH14, MYH15, MYH16) · III (MYO3A, MYO3B) · V (MYO5A, MYO5B, MYO5C) · VI (MYO6) · VII (MYO7A, MYO7B) · IX (MYO9A, MYO9B) · X (MYO10) · XV (MYO15A) · XVIII (MYO18A, MYO18B) · LC (MYL1, MYL2, MYL3, MYL4, MYL5, MYL6, MYL6B, MYL7, MYL9, MYLIP, MYLK, MYLK2, MYLL1)
Other

Tropomodulin (1, 2, 3, 4) · Troponin (T 1 2 3, C 1 2, I 1 2 3) · Tropomyosin (1, 2, 3, 4)

Actinin (1, 2, 3, 4) · Arp2/3 complex · actin depolymerizing factors (Cofilin (1, 2) · Destrin) · Gelsolin · Profilin (1, 2) · Titin
Other
Type 1/2
(Keratin,
Cytokeratin)
Epithelial keratins
(soft alpha-keratins)

type I/chromosome 17 (10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20) · chromosome 12 (18) · none (21)

type II/chromosome 12 (1, 2A, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7, 8, 9)
Hair keratins
(hard alpha-keratins)
Ungrouped alpha
Not alpha
Type 3
Type 4
Type 5
KIF1A, KIF1B, KIF2A, KIF2C, KIF3B, KIF3C, KIF4A, KIF4B, KIF5A, KIF5B, KIF5C, KIF6, KIF7, KIF9, KIF11, KIF12, KIF13A, KIF13B, KIF14, KIF15, KIF16B, KIF17, KIF18A, KIF18B, KIF19, KIF20A, KIF20B, KIF21A, KIF21B, KIF22, KIF23, KIF24, KIF25, KIF26A, KIF26B, KIF27, KIFC1, KIFC2, KIFC3

axonemal: DNAH1, DNAH2, DNAH3, DNAH5, DNAH6, DNAH7, DNAH8, DNAH9, DNAH10, DNAH11, DNAH12, DNAH13, DNAH14, DNAH17, DNAI1, DNAI2, DNALI1, DNAL1, DNAL4

cytoplasmic: DYNC1H1, DYNC2H1, DYNC1I1, DYNC1I2, DYNC1LI1, DYNC1LI2, DYNC2LI1, DYNLL1, DYNLL2, DYNLRB1, DYNLRB2, DYNLT1, DYNLT3
Other
Tau protein · Dynactin (DCTN1) · Tubulins (TUBA1A, TUBA1B, TUBA1C, TUBA3C, TUBA3D, TUBA3E, TUBA4A, TUBA8) · Stathmin · Tektin (TEKT1, TEKT2, TEKT3, TEKT4, TEKT5) · Dynamin (DNM1, DNM2, DNM3)
Other
Nonhuman
see also cytoskeletal defects
B strc: edmb (perx), skel (ctrs), epit, cili, mito, nucl (chro)