miR-208
miR-208 is a family of microRNA precursors found in animals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precusor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer.[1] This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.[2]
In humans, the gene for miR-208 is located in an intron of MYH7.[3]
Function
miR-208 has been deemed a "myomiR"[3] as it is specifically expressed, or found at much higher levels, in cardiac tissue. Other myomiRs include miR-1 and miR-133.[3] miR-208 is though to be dysregulated in various cardiovascular diseases.[4][5]
miR-208 functions in cardiomyocytes regulating the production of the myosin heavy chain during development.[3] It also responds to stress and forms part of a hormonal signalling cascade in cardiac cells.[6]
Applications
A preliminary study has shown a potential use in the prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy.[7] Another application has been suggested as using plasma concentration of miR-208 as a biomarker of damaged cardiac muscle cells.[8]
References
- ^ Ambros, V (2001 Dec 28). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential.". Cell 107 (7): 823–6. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458.
- ^ Gregory, RI; Chendrimada, TP, Cooch, N, Shiekhattar, R (2005 Nov 18). "Human RISC couples microRNA biogenesis and posttranscriptional gene silencing.". Cell 123 (4): 631–40. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.022. PMID 16271387.
- ^ a b c d Malizia, AP; Wang, DZ (2011 Mar-Apr). "MicroRNAs in cardiomyocyte development.". Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Systems biology and medicine 3 (2): 183–90. doi:10.1002/wsbm.111. PMC 3058499. PMID 21305703. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3058499.
- ^ Cai, B; Pan, Z, Lu, Y (2010). "The roles of microRNAs in heart diseases: a novel important regulator.". Current medicinal chemistry 17 (5): 407–11. doi:10.2174/092986710790226129. PMID 20015039. (subscription required)
- ^ Han, M; Toli, J, Abdellatif, M (2011 May). "MicroRNAs in the cardiovascular system.". Current opinion in cardiology 26 (3): 181–9. doi:10.1097/HCO.0b013e328345983d. PMID 21464712.
- ^ van Rooij, E; Sutherland, LB, Qi, X, Richardson, JA, Hill, J, Olson, EN (2007 Apr 27). "Control of stress-dependent cardiac growth and gene expression by a microRNA.". Science 316 (5824): 575–9. doi:10.1126/science.1139089. PMID 17379774.
- ^ Satoh, M; Minami, Y, Takahashi, Y, Tabuchi, T, Nakamura, M (2010 May). "Expression of microRNA-208 is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in human dilated cardiomyopathy.". Journal of cardiac failure 16 (5): 404–10. doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2010.01.002. PMID 20447577.
- ^ Ji, X; Takahashi, R, Hiura, Y, Hirokawa, G, Fukushima, Y, Iwai, N (2009 Nov). "Plasma miR-208 as a biomarker of myocardial injury.". Clinical chemistry 55 (11): 1944–9. doi:10.1373/clinchem.2009.125310. PMID 19696117.
Further reading