Rocuronium bromide

Rocuronium bromide
Systematic (IUPAC) name
1-((2S,3S,5S,8R,9S,10S,13S,14S,16S,17R)-17-acetoxy-3-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2-morpholinohexadecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-16-yl)-1-allylpyrrolidinium bromide
Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com monograph
Pregnancy cat.  ?
Legal status POM (UK)
Routes Intravenous
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability NA
Protein binding ~30%
Metabolism some de-acetylation
Half-life 66–80 minutes
Excretion Unchanged, in bile and urine
Identifiers
CAS number 119302-91-9 Y
ATC code M03AC09
PubChem CID 441290
DrugBank APRD01221
UNII I65MW4OFHZ N
ChEMBL CHEMBL1201244 N
Synonyms [3-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-2-morpholin-4-yl-16-(1-prop-2-enyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydropyrrol-1-yl)-2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-tetradecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl] acetate
Chemical data
Formula C32H53N2O4+
Mol. mass 529.774 g/mol
 N(what is this?)  (verify)

Rocuronium (Zemuron, Esmeron) is an aminosteroid non-depolarizing (that is, it does not cause initial stimulation of muscles before weakening them) neuromuscular blocker or muscle relaxant used in modern anaesthesia, to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation.

Introduced in 1994, rocuronium has rapid onset, and intermediate duration of action.[1] It is marketed under the trade name of Zemuron in the United States and Esmeron in most other countries.

There is considered to be a risk of allergic reaction to the drug in some patients (particularly those with asthma), but a similar incidence of allergic reactions has been observed by using other members of the same drug class (non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking drugs).[2]

The γ-cyclodextrin derivative sugammadex (trade name Bridion) has been recently introduced as a novel agent to reverse the action of rocuronium.[3]

References

  1. ^ Hunter JM (April 1996). "Rocuronium: the newest aminosteroid neuromuscular blocking drug". British Journal of Anaesthesia 76 (4): 481–3. PMID 8652315. http://bja.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8652315. 
  2. ^ Burburan SM, Xisto DG, Rocco PR (June 2007). "Anaesthetic management in asthma". Minerva Anestesiologica 73 (6): 357–65. PMID 17115010. 
  3. ^ Naguib M (March 2007). "Sugammadex: another milestone in clinical neuromuscular pharmacology". Anesthesia and Analgesia 104 (3): 575–81. doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000244594.63318.fc. PMID 17312211. http://www.anesthesia-analgesia.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17312211. 
Peripherally acting
(primarily antinicotinic,
NMJ block)

ultra-short duration: Gantacurium

short duration: Mivacurium  • Chandonium

intermediate duration: Atracurium  • Cisatracurium  • Fazadinium  • Rocuronium  • Vecuronium

long duration: Doxacurium • Dimethyltubocurarine • Pancuronium • Pipecuronium  • Laudexium  • Gallamine

unsorted: Hexafluronium (Hexafluorenium)

Choline derivatives: Suxamethonium (Succinylcholine)

Polyalkylene derivatives: Hexamethonium
Centrally acting
Other
Directly acting

M: MUS, DF+DRCT

anat (h/n, u, t/d, a/p, l)/phys/devp/hist

noco(m, s, c)/cong(d)/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug (M1A/3)