| Zakarid Armenia Զաքարյան Հայաստան |
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| Fief of Georgia, then of the Mongols | ||||
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| Zakarid territories in the early 13th century. | ||||
| Capital | Ani | |||
| Language(s) | Armenian | |||
| Religion | Armenian Apostolic Church | |||
| Government | Monarchy | |||
| Historical era | Middle Ages | |||
| - Control was taken over Ani | 1201 | |||
| - Conquered by Kara Koyunlu | 1330s | |||
The Zakarids or Zakarid Armenia (Armenian: Զաքարյան Հայաստան Zakarhan Hahastan), is used to describe territories of Armenia given to the Zakarid-Mxargrzeli princes as a fief by Tamar, the queen of the Kingdom of Georgia.
Following the collapse of the Bagratuni Dynasty of Armenia, Armenia was successively occupied by Byzantines, Seljuqs and other Muslim states[1].
During the 12th century the Bagratids of Georgia enjoyed a resurgence in power, and managed to expand into Moslem occupied Armenia.[2] Despite some complications in the reign of Giorgi III, the successes continued in the reign of the Queen Tamar.[2] This was chiefly due to the Zakarid generals Zakarē and Ivanē.[2] Around the year 1199, they took the city of Ani, and in 1201, the grateful Tamar gave Ani to them as a fief.[2] Eventually, their territories came to resemble those of Bagratid Armenia.[1]
When the Khwarezms invaded region, Dvin was ruled by the aging Ivanē, who had given Ani to his nephew Shanshe(Shahanshah), son of Zakarē. Dvin was lost, but Kars and Ani did not surrender.[2]
| History of Armenia | |
|---|---|
This article is part of a series |
|
| Prehistory 2400 BC - 590 BC |
|
| Name of Armenia | |
| Hayk | |
| Hayasa-Azzi | |
| Nairi · Urartu | |
| Antiquity 591 BC - 428 AD |
|
| Orontid Armenia | |
| Kingdom of Armenia | |
| Kingdom of Sophene | |
| Kingdom of Commagene | |
| Lesser Armenia | |
| Roman Armenia | |
| Dynasties: | |
| Orontid · Artaxiad · Arsacid | |
| Middle Ages 429 - 1375 |
|
| Marzpanate Period | |
| Byzantine Armenia | |
| Sassanid Armenia | |
| Arab conquest of Armenia | |
| Emirate of Armenia | |
| Bagratid Armenia | |
| Kingdom of Vaspurakan | |
| Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia | |
| Zakarid Armenia | |
| Dynasties: | |
| Bagratid · Rubenid · Artsruni | |
| Foreign Rule 1376 - 1918 |
|
| Persian · Ottoman · Russian | |
| Principality of Khachen | |
| Armenian Oblast | |
| Armenian national movement | |
| Hamidian massacres | |
| Armenian Genocide | |
| Contemporary 1918 - present |
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| Democratic Republic of Armenia | |
| Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic | |
| Nagorno-Karabakh War | |
| Republic of Armenia | |
|
Armenia Portal |
However, when Mongols took Ani in 1236, they had a friendly attitude towards the Zakarids.[2] They confirmed Shanshe in his fief, and even added to it the fief of Avag, son of Ivanē. Further, in 1243, they gave Akhlat to the princess T’amt’a, daughter of Ivanē.[2]
After the Mongols captured Ani in 1236, the Zakarids ruled not as vassals of the Georgians, but rather the Mongols.[1] Their descendants continued to hold Ani until the 1330s, when they lost it to a succession of Turkish dynasties, including the Kara Koyunlu, who made Ani their capital.[1]