Yondó

Yondó is a town and municipality in Antioquia Department, Colombia. The first settlers arrived around 10000 BC, archaeological site. The town was founded in 1941 for lodge the, at that time, discovered Casabe oilfield's workers. The town became into a municipality in 1979. It is a Magdalena river port, across river from Barrancabermeja, where Colombia's oldest and largest oil refinery is located.

• 07° 00' 28" latitude North; 73° 54' 51" longitude West; 75 m a. s. l. altitude
• Surface area 1,903 km²^[1]:
  • 30.2%natural forests, mostly secondary;
  • 55.1% pastures;
  • 10.6% secondary growth
• Annual rainfall 2,799 mm, no month below 100 mm; mean temperature year around 27.2 °C
• Total population 12,562; ca. 50% urban in the town seat, 50% rural

History

Yondó was an oilfield's worker camp built by the Royal Dutch Shell oil company in 1945 in order to house some 2,000 workers and employees. It was built in the usual manner for camps in remote locations: with large comfortable cabins, plenty of potable water, electricity, sewage system, schools, small hospital, radio and telephone communications, etc. These were (and would be today) considered luxuries and attracted -as many enclave developments in remote areas do- a large number of settlers in the periphery of the oil production facilities. The oil company had acquired rights for a 40 year exploitation of the oil fields, until 1985 but resigned in 1981 under pressure from FARC guerilla and settlers. The production facilities and camp installations were turned in to the government. This latter were destined to house bona fide and opportunist settlers and thus the new town was founded.^[2]

Sister city

Yondó has sister city relations with:

• Berkeley, California

Notes

1. ^ The area is given as 1,881 km² by the Antioquia Department Planning Agency while the Colombian National Geographic Institute states it as 1,903 km². There are also minor differences in altitude, urban area, etc.
2. ^ Amparo Murillo Posada, Maria Teresa Arcila Estrada, Manuel Alberto Espinal, Giovani Restrepo Orrego, Gloria Estella Bonilla. 1994. Un mundo que se mueve como el río. Historia regional del Magdalena Medio. Instituto Colombiano de Antropología (ICANH), Bogotá.