| 杨澄甫 Yang Chengfu |
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Yang Chengfu, 1918 |
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| Born | 1883 |
| Died | 1936 |
| Style | Yang-style t'ai chi ch'uan |
| T'ai chi ch'uan (Taijiquan) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | 楊澄甫 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 杨澄甫 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Part of the series on Chinese martial arts |
| List of Chinese martial arts |
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| Historical people |
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| Famous modern actors |
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| Legendary figures |
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Yang Chengfu or Yang Ch'eng-fu (simplified Chinese: 杨澄甫; traditional Chinese: 楊澄甫; pinyin: Yáng Chéngfǔ) (1883–1936) is historically considered the best known teacher of the soft style martial art of Yang-style t'ai chi ch'uan (Yang-style Taijiquan).
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He was born into the famous Yang Taijiquan family, the son of Yang Chien-hou and grandson of Yang Lu-chan. With his older brother Yang Shao-hou (楊少侯) and colleagues Wu Jianquan (吳鑑泉) and Sun Lutang (孫錄堂), he was among the first teachers to offer T'ai chi ch'uan instruction to the general public at the Beijing Physical Culture Research Institute from 1914 until 1928. He moved to Shanghai in 1928.
Yang Chengfu is known for having "smoothed" out the somewhat more vigorous training routine he learned from his family as well as emphasising a "large frame" or "Da Jia 大架" with expansive movements in stepping and using large circular motions with the arms. His smooth, evenly-paced large frame form and its hundreds of offshoots has been the standard for Yang-style t'ai chi ch'uan (and overwhelmingly in the public imagination for T'ai chi ch'uan in general) ever since.
Yang Chengfu is the official author of two books on the style, Application methods of Taijiquan, published in 1931, and Essence and Applications of Taijiquan (Taijiquan Tiyong Quanshu), published in 1934.[1][2] His second book was translated into English in 2005.[3]
His direct descendants, the many students he taught, and their students, have spread the art around the world. Among Yang Chengfu's students were famous masters such as Tung Ying-chieh (Dong Yingjie, 董英杰, 1898–1961), Chen Weiming, Fu Zhongwen (Fu Chung-wen, 1903–1994), Li Yaxuan (李雅轩, 1894–1976) and Cheng Man-ch'ing. Each of them taught extensively, founding groups teaching T'ai chi to this day. Cheng Man-ch'ing, perhaps the most famous outside of China, significantly shortened and simplified the traditional forms Yang taught him after his teacher's passing, reportedly to make them more accessible to larger numbers of students. Although Cheng's modifications are considered controversial by most other schools and are not recognized by the Yang family, Cheng Man-ch'ing is known as the first to teach T'ai chi ch'uan (Taijiquan) in the West.
His sons have continued to teach their father's Taijiquan, including his first son, the late Yang Zhenming (1910–1985) (a.k.a. Yang Shaozhong, Yang Shao-Chung, Yeung Shao-Chung; 楊守中), who brought Yang-style t'ai chi ch'uan to Hong Kong, his second son Yang Zhenji (born 1921, current head of the family), his third son, Yang Zhen Duo (楊振鐸, born 1926), living in Shanxi Province, who is widely considered the most prominent of the Yang family T'ai chi ch'uan instructors living today, and his fourth son, Yang Zhen Guo, born in 1928, and living in Hebei Province, Handan City.
This lineage tree is not comprehensive.
| Zhang Sanfeng* c. 12th century NEIJIA |
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| Wang Zongyue* T'AI CHI CH'UAN |
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Note: These are legendary or semi-legendary figures in the lineage, which means their involvement in the lineage, while accepted by most of the major schools, isn't independently verifiable from known historical records.
| Chen Wangting 1580–1660 9th generation Chen CHEN STYLE |
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| Chen Changxing 1771–1853 14th generation Chen Chen Old Frame |
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Chen Youben c. 1800s 14th generation Chen Chen New Frame |
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| Yang Lu-ch'an 1799–1872 YANG STYLE |
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Chen Qingping 1795–1868 Chen Small Frame, Zhaobao Frame |
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| Yang Pan-hou 1837–1892 Yang Small Frame |
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Yang Chien-hou 1839–1917 |
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Wu Yu-hsiang 1812–1880 WU/HAO STYLE |
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| Wu Ch'uan-yu 1834–1902 |
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Yang Shao-hou 1862–1930 Yang Small Frame |
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Yang Chengfu 1883–1936 Yang Big Frame |
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Li I-yu 1832–1892 |
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| Wu Chien-ch'uan 1870–1942 WU STYLE 108 Form |
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Yang Shou-chung 1910–1985 |
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Hao Wei-chen 1849–1920 |
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| Wu Kung-i 1900–1970 |
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Sun Lu-t'ang 1861–1932 SUN STYLE |
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| Wu Ta-k'uei 1923–1972 |
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Sun Xingyi 1891–1929 |
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