Sydney Airport

Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport Kingsford-Smith Airport
IATA: SYD – ICAO: YSSY
Summary
Airport type		Public
Operator		Sydney Airport Corporation Limited
Serves		Sydney
Location		Mascot, Sydney, Australia
Hub for		Jetstar Airways Qantas Regional Express Airlines Virgin Australia
Elevation AMSL		21 ft / 6 m
Coordinates
Website		www.sydneyairport.com
Map
SYD Location within Sydney
Runways
Direction	Length		Surface
	m	ft
07/25	2,530	8,301	Asphalt
16L/34R	2,438	7,999	Asphalt
16R/34L	3,962	12,999	Asphalt
Statistics (2010)
Passenger movements			35,992,164
Airfreight movements in tonnes			471,000(2,009)
Aircraft movements			302,907(2,009)
Source: AIP[1][2][3]

Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport^[4] (also known as Kingsford-Smith Airport and Sydney Airport) (IATA: SYD, ICAO: YSSY) (ASX: SYD) is located in the suburb of Mascot in Sydney, Australia. It is the only major airport serving Sydney, and is a primary hub for Qantas, as well as a secondary hub for Virgin Australia and Jetstar Airways. Situated next to Botany Bay, the airport has three runways, colloquially known as the "east–west", "north–south" and "third" runways.

Sydney Airport is one of the oldest continually operated airports in the world,^[5] and the busiest airport in Australia, handling 35.9 million passengers in 2010^[6] and 289,741 aircraft movements in 2009.^[7] It was the 28th busiest airport in the world in 2009. The airport is managed by Sydney Airport Corporation Limited (SACL) and the current CEO is Kerrie Mather. Flights from Sydney link with all states and territories of Australia. Currently 47 domestic destinations are served to Sydney direct.

Contents 1 History 1.1 1920–30: Early history 1.2 1930–60 1.3 1960–2000 1.4 2000–10 1.5 2010–2020 2 Terminals 2.1 Terminal 1 2.2 Terminal 2 2.3 Terminal 3 2.4 Other terminals 3 Airlines and destinations 3.1 Cargo 4 Curfew 5 Second airport proposals 6 Traffic and statistics 6.1 Domestic 6.2 International 6.3 Prospective users and routes 7 Transport 7.1 Rail 7.2 Bus 7.3 Road 7.4 Pedestrian and bicycle 8 Accidents and incidents 9 See also 10 References 11 External links

History

1920–30: Early history

The area that the airport was situated was originally a bullock paddock.^[8] Nigel Love, a former wartime pilot, was looking into the possibilities for aviation in Australia. He was interested in establishing the nation's first aircraft manufacturing company, this required him to establish a factory and an aerodrome close to the city. His search for a potential site eventually led him to a real estate office in Sydney which was aware of some land owned by the Kensington Race Club (that was kept as a hedge against losing its government-owned site at Randwick). It had been used by a local abattoir, which was closing down, to graze sheep and cattle. This land appealed to Love, the surface was perfectly flat and was covered with a pasture of buffalo grass. This grass which had been grazed so evenly by the sheep and cattle running on it that it required little to make it serviceable to land aircraft. In addition, the approaches on all four sides had no obstructions, it was bounded by a racecourse, gardens, a river and Botany Bay.

Love established Mascot as a private concern, leasing 200 acres (0.81 km²) from the Kensington Race club for three years. It initially had a small canvas structure but was later equipped with an imported Richards hangar. The first flight from Mascot was on 19 November 1919 when Love carried freelance movie photographer Billy Marshall up in an Avro. The official opening flight took place on 9 January 1920, also performed by Love.

In 1921 the federal government purchased 161 acres (0.65 km²) in Mascot for the purpose of creating a public airfield. In 1923, when Love's three-year lease expired, the Mascot land was compulsorily acquired by the federal government from the racing club.^[8] The first regular flights began in 1924.

1930–60

In 1933, the first gravel runways were built. Cooks River was diverted away from the area in 1947–52 to provide more land for the airport and other small streams were filled. When Mascot was declared an aerodrome in 1920 it was known as Sydney Airport, in 1953 it was renamed Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport in honour of Charles Kingsford Smith, a pioneering Australian aviator. Up to the early sixties the majority of Sydney-siders referred to the airport as Mascot. The first paved runway was 07–25 and the next one constructed was 16R, jutting into Botany Bay, starting in 1959, to accommodate large jets. 07-25 is used mainly by lighter aircraft, although large four engine jet aircraft still periodically land on the runway from the east, when south-westerly winds are blowing in Sydney. 16R is presently the longest operational runway in Australia, with 14,300 feet (4,400 m) paved length and 12,850 feet (3,920 m) between the zebra thresholds.

1960–2000

By the 1960s the need for a new international terminal had become apparent, and work commenced in late 1966. The new terminal was officially opened on 3 May 1970, by Queen Elizabeth II.

The first Boeing 747 "Jumbo Jet" to serve the airport, Pan American's Clipper Flying Cloud (N734PA), arrived on 4 October 1970. In the 1970s the north-south runway was expanded to become one of the longest runways in the southern hemisphere. The international terminal was expanded in 1992 and has undergone several refurbishments since then.

The limitations of having only two runways that crossed each other had become apparent and various governments grappled with Sydney's airport capacity for decades. Eventually, the controversial decision to build a third runway was made. The third runway was built parallel to the existing main "north–south" runway entirely on reclaimed land from Botany Bay). A proposed new airport on the outskirts of Sydney was shelved indefinitely.

Following completion, the "third runway" (as it is known to Sydneysiders) remained controversial because of increased aircraft movements, especially over many inner suburbs. The 1990s saw the formation of the No Aircraft Noise Party, although it failed to win a parliamentary seat in any of the elections it contested. There has been general acquiescence in the arrangements for Sydney Airport that were introduced by the Howard government shortly after its election, namely to –

1. maintain curfews (extremely limited jet movements between 2300–0600H)
2. rotate runway operation, and fan flightpaths out (instead of concentrating them, as had previously been the case)
3. use, whenever possible, flightpaths over water, especially Botany Bay
4. continue the use of noise abatement (reduced power settings, etc.) on departure.

2000–10

In 2002, the Australian Government sold Sydney Airports Corporation Limited (later renamed to Sydney Airport Corporation Limited, SACL), the management authority for the airport, to Southern Cross Airports Corporation Holdings Ltd. 82.93% of SACL is owned by MAp Airports International Limited, a subsidiary of Macquarie Bank, Sydney Airport Intervest GmbH own 12.11% and Ontario Teachers' Australia Trust own 4.96%.^[9] SACL holds a 99 year lease on the airport which remains Crown land.

Since the international terminal's original completion, it has undergone two large expansions. One such expansion is underway and will stretch over twenty years (2005–25). This will include an additional high-rise office block, the construction of a multi-level car park, the expansion of both international and domestic terminals. These expansions—and other plans and policies by Macquarie Bank for airport operations—are seen as controversial, as they are performed without the legal oversight of local councils, which usually act as the local planning authority for such developments.

As of April 2006, some of the proposed development has been scaled back.^[10]

Sydney Airport's International terminal underwent a $500 million renovation that was completed in mid 2010. The upgrade includes a new baggage system, an extra 7,300 m² (78,577 sq ft) of space for shops and passenger waiting areas and other improvements.^[11]

In March 2010, the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission released a report sharply critical of price gouging at Sydney airport, ranking it fifth out of five airports. The report noted Sydney Airport recorded the highest average prices at $13.63 per passenger, compared to the lowest of $7.96 at Melbourne Airport, while the price of short-term parking had almost doubled in the 2008–09 financial year, from $28 to $50 for four hours. The report also accused the airport of abusing its monopoly power.^[12]

2010–2020

In December 2011, Sydney Airport announced a proposal to divide the airport into two airline alliance-based precincts integrating international, domestic and regional services under the one roof by 2019." The current domestic Terminal 2 and Terminal 3 would be used by Qantas, Jetstar and members of the oneworld airline alliance while today's international Terminal 1 would be used by Virgin Australia and its international partners. Other international airlines would continue to operate from T1.^[13]

Terminals

Sydney Airport has three passenger terminals. The International Terminal is separated from the other two by a runway, therefore connecting passengers need to allow for longer transfer times. Sydney Airport requires minimum connection times:

• From domestic flight to domestic flight: 30 min
• From domestic flight to international flight: 1 h
• From international flight to domestic flight: 1 h 15 min
• From international flight to international flight: 1 h

The airport provides a shuttle service between the terminals at a cost of A$5.50.

Terminal 1

Terminal 1 was opened on 3 May 1970, replacing the old Overseas Passenger Terminal (which was located where Terminal 3 stands now) and has been greatly expanded since then. Today it is known as the International Terminal, located in the airport's north western sector. It has 30 gates (Concourse B with 8–37 and Concourse C with 50–63) served by aerobridges, as well as a number of remote bays. It can accommodate the Airbus A380, which fly routes to Singapore (Singapore Airlines), London via Singapore and Los Angeles (Qantas), Dubai and Auckland (Emirates). The terminal building is split into three levels, one each for arrivals, departures and airline offices. The departure level has 20 rows of check-in desks each with 10 single desks making a total of 200 check-in desks. The terminal also has an observation deck located on the rooftop. The terminal hosts six airline lounges: Two for Qantas, and one each for Air New Zealand, Singapore Airlines, Malaysia Airlines and Emirates. The terminal underwent a major $500 million redevelopment that was completed in 2010, by which the shopping complex was expanded, outbound customs operations were centralised and the floor space of the terminal increased to 254,000 square metres.^[14]

Terminal 2

Terminal 2, located in the airport's north-eastern section, was the former home of Ansett Australia's domestic operations. It features 15 parking bays served by aerobridges and a number of non-contact bays. Today it serves Virgin Australia, Jetstar, Tiger Airways, Regional Express Airlines, Aeropelican Air Services and Qantaslink services operated by Eastern Australia Airlines. There are lounges for Qantas, Virgin Australia and Regional Express Airlines.

Terminal 3

Terminal 3 is a domestic terminal, serving Qantas and Qantaslink flights to Canberra. Originally, it was home for Trans Australia Airlines (later named Australian Airlines). Like Terminal 2 it is located in the north-eastern section. The current terminal building is largely the result of extensions made during the late 1990s. There are 14 parking bays served by aerobridges, including two served by dual aerobridges. Terminal 3 features a large Qantas Club lounge, along with a dedicated Business Class and Chairmans lounge. Terminal 3 also has a 'Heritage Collection', dedicated to Qantas, It includes Many collections from the Airlines' 90 years of service, It also has a view of the airports apron and is used commonly by plane-spotters. It is located Adjacent Gate 13.

Other terminals

Sydney Airport had a fourth passenger terminal, east of Terminal 2. This was formerly known as Domestic Express and was used by Regional Express Airlines; and low-cost carriers Virgin Blue (now known as Virgin Australia) and the now-defunct Impulse Airlines; during the time Terminal 2 was closed following the collapse of Ansett Australia. It is now used by DHL Express and Tasman Cargo Airlines as an office building.

The dedicated Freight Terminal is located north of Terminal 1. It is used for international freight operations, except for Tasman Cargo Airlines' trans-Tasman services.

Airlines and destinations

Airlines	Destinations	Terminal
Aerolíneas Argentinas	Auckland, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza	1
Aeropelican Air Services	Cooma (Snowy Mountains), Mudgee, Narrabri, Newcastle	2
Aircalin	Nouméa-La Tontouta	1
Air Austral	Nouméa-La Tontouta, Paris-Charles de Gaulle, Saint-Denis de la Réunion [ends 25 March]	1
Air Canada	Toronto-Pearson, Vancouver	1
Air China	Beijing-Capital, Shanghai-Pudong	1
Air Mauritius	MauritiusNote 2	1
Air New Zealand	Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Norfolk Island [begins 2 March], Queenstown, Rarotonga, Rotorua, Wellington	1
Air Niugini	Port Moresby	1
Air Pacific	Nadi	1
Air Vanuatu	Port Vila	1
Asiana Airlines	Seoul-Incheon	1
Biman Bangladesh Airlines	Dhaka [begins 25 March][15]	1
Brindabella Airlines	Cobar	2
British Airways	Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi [ends 25 March 2012], London-Heathrow, Singapore	1
Cathay Pacific	Hong Kong	1
China Airlines	Taipei-Taoyuan	1
China Eastern Airlines	Shanghai-Pudong	1
China Southern Airlines	Guangzhou	1
Delta Air Lines	Los Angeles	1
El Al	Tel Aviv-Ben Gurion [is looking to start flights to Sydney][16]	1
Emirates	Auckland, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Christchurch, Dubai	1
Etihad Airways	Abu Dhabi	1
Garuda Indonesia	Denpasar/Bali, Jakarta-Soekarno-Hatta	1
Hainan Airlines	Hangzhou Seasonal: Shenzhen	1
Hawaiian Airlines	Honolulu	1
Hong Kong Airlines	Hong Kong [intends to start flights to Sydney in late 2011]	1
Japan Airlines	Tokyo-Narita	1
Jetstar	Auckland, Christchurch, Denpasar/Bali, Gold Coast, Honolulu, Melbourne, Nadi, Osaka-Kansai, Phuket, Queenstown	1
Jetstar	Adelaide, Avalon, Ballina, Brisbane, Cairns, Darwin, Gold Coast, Hamilton Island, Ho Chi Minh CityNote 1, Hobart, Launceston, ManilaNote 1, Melbourne, Perth, Sunshine Coast, Townsville	2
Kenya Airways	Nairobi [intends on starting flights to Sydney in 2013–2014 when its 787s are delivered][17][18]	1
Korean Air	Seoul-Incheon	1
LAN Airlines	Auckland, Santiago de Chile	1
Malaysia Airlines	Kuala Lumpur	1
Norfolk Air operated by Our Airline	Norfolk IslandNote 2	1
Royal Brunei	Bander Seri Begawean [plans to return to Sydney in 2011][19]	1
Philippine Airlines	ManilaNote 2	1
Qantas	Adelaide, Auckland, Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi, Buenos Aires-Ezeiza [ends 25 March 2012], Brisbane, Dallas/Fort Worth, Frankfurt, Hong Kong, Honolulu, Jakarta-Soekarno-Hatta, Johannesburg, Los Angeles, London-Heathrow, Manila, New York-JFK, Nouméa-La Tontouta, Queenstown, Santiago de Chile [begins 26 March 2012],[20] Shanghai-Pudong, Singapore, Tokyo-Narita	1
Qantas	Adelaide, Alice Springs, Ayers Rock/Uluru, Brisbane, Cairns, Canberra, Darwin, Hobart, Karratha, Melbourne, Perth Seasonal: Broome	3
Qantas operated by Jetconnect	Auckland, Wellington, Christchurch	1
Qantas operated by QantasLink	Albury, Armidale, Coffs Harbour, Dubbo, Lord Howe Island, Moree, Port Macquarie, Tamworth, Wagga Wagga Seasonal: Mount Hotham	2
Qantas operated by QantasLink	Canberra	3
Regional Express Airlines	Albury, Ballina, Bathurst, Broken Hill, Dubbo, Grafton, Griffith, Lismore, Merimbula, Moruya, Narrandera, Newcastle [21], Orange, Parkes, Taree, Wagga Wagga	2
Qatar Airways	Doha [is planning to commence flights to Sydney sometime in the near future][22]	1
Singapore Airlines	Singapore	1
SriLankan Airlines	Colombo [is planning to commence flights to Sydney in 2012]	1
Thai Airways International	Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi	1
Tiger Airways Australia	Melbourne	2
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul-Ataturk [is considering to start flights to Australia in 2011 or 2012 with Sydney as a possible destination][23]	1
United Airlines	Los Angeles, Melbourne, San Francisco	1
Vietnam Airlines	Ho Chi Minh City	1
Virgin Atlantic Airways	Hong Kong, London-Heathrow	1
Virgin Australia	Adelaide, Albury, Ayers Rock/Uluru, Ballina, Brisbane, Cairns, Canberra, Coffs Harbour, Darwin(begins 2nd April), Gold Coast, Hamilton Island, Hervey Bay, Hobart, Launceston, Mackay, Melbourne, Perth, Port Macquarie, Rockhampton, Sunshine Coast, Townsville	2
Virgin Australia	Abu Dhabi, Auckland, Christchurch, Denpasar/Bali, Los Angeles, Nadi, Nuku'alofa, Port Vila, Queenstown	1
Virgin Australia operated by Skywest Airlines	Canberra, Port Macquarie	2
Virgin Samoa operated by Virgin Australia	Apia	1

Cargo

Airlines	Destinations	Terminal
Australian air Express	Melbourne	Note 4
Cargolux	Chicago, Honolulu, Los Angeles, Luxembourg	Freight
Cathay Pacific Cargo	Hong Kong, Melbourne	Freight
DHL Express operated by Tasman Cargo Airlines	Auckland	Note 4
Emirates SkyCargo	Dubai, Hong Kong, Singapore	Freight
FedEx Express	Guangzhou, Honolulu	Freight
Korean Air Cargo	Guangzhou, Seoul-Incheon	Freight
MASkargo	Kuala Lumpur	Freight
Qantas Freight operated by Atlas Air	Hong Kong, Honolulu, Shanghai-Pudong	Freight
Qantas Freight operated by Express Freighters Australia	Auckland, Christchurch	Freight
Singapore Airlines Cargo	Singapore	Freight
Thai Airways Cargo	Bangkok	Freight
TNT Airways	Hong Kong	Freight[24]
Toll Priority operated by Airwork	Brisbane, Melbourne	Note 4
UPS Airlines	Anchorage, Nadi, Honolulu, Los Angeles	Freight

Notes

• ^1 Despite this being an international destination, the flight departs from (domestic) Terminal 2 and makes an intermediate stop enroute for processing.
• ^2 These flights may make an intermediate domestic stop en route to their listed final destination; however the airlines have no traffic rights to carry passengers solely between Sydney and the intermediate Australian stop.
• ^3 These routes have not been officially confirmed yet.
• ^4 Each of these freight companies has its own facility (each located on different parts of the airport) and does not operate from the International freight terminal

Curfew

In 1995 the Australian Government passed a law through parliament entitled "The Sydney Airport Curfew Act", which limits the operating hours of the airport. This was done in an effort to curb complaints about aircraft noise. The curfew prevents aircraft from taking off or landing between the hours of 11 pm and 6 am. A limited number of scheduled and approved take-offs and landings are permitted respectively in the "shoulder periods" of 11 pm to midnight and 5 am to 6 am, by Section 12 of the Act.

During extreme weather, flights are often delayed and it is often the case that people on late flights are unable to travel on a given day. Fines for violating curfew have been levied against four airlines, As of 2009^[update], with a maximum fine of $550 000 applicable.^[25]

Second airport proposals

The local, state and federal governments have investigated the viability of building a second major airport in Sydney since the 1940s.^[26] Between 1987 and 2000 domestic flights through Sydney more than doubled to nearly 27 million, and international passengers served increased from 8 million to 15 million. Close to half of all scheduled flights in Australia take off or land at Kingsford Smith. In 1998 the airport handled 45% of international passengers in Australia.^[27]

The Commonwealth has bought most of the required land in a proposed site at Badgerys Creek, west of Sydney. This site would be accessible by the Westlink M7 motorway. There are currently three proposals for the airport layout, featuring different arrangement of terminals in the centre of the proposed three runways. Despite acquiring almost all the land necessary for the building of the Badgerys Creek airport, and multiple studies and reports commissioned that recommend building the airport, in 1995 new airport leasing legislation was blocked in the Australian Senate, and construction was delayed until after the 2000 Sydney Olympics. All the major Australian airlines including Qantas indicated they would prefer additional development of Kingsford-Smith Airport. In 1998 most local authorities reversed their previous support of the new airport and protested against potential noise and pollution impacts. After the 2001 terrorist attacks decimated the air travel industry, the national government announced its belief that the current Sydney airport could accommodate additional air travel demands for at least another decade. Following this, the State Government released land for housing all across Badgerys Creek, effectively eliminating the site as a potential airport.

The issue of a second airport for Sydney arose again after the Rudd government was elected in 2007. Convinced that capacity at the current airport will be exhausted, it sought a new site. It is believed that various options, including a freight-only airport operation, will be considered. Camden, converting part or all of Richmond and Canberra will be investigated for feasibility, while Bankstown and Badgerys Creek, according to sources, will not.^[28]

Traffic and statistics

Domestic

Busiest Domestic Routes out of Sydney Airport (YE November 2010)[29] Rank Airport Passengers handled  % Change 1 Melbourne Airport 7,875,800 12.4 2 Brisbane Airport 4,391,200 2.6 3 Gold Coast Airport 2,381,100 10.8 4 Adelaide Airport 1,774,100 11.9 5 Perth Airport 1,606,200 10.2 6 Canberra International Airport 1,092,600 7.7 7 Cairns Airport 864,200 2.9 8 Hobart International Airport 496,600 1.5 9 Sunshine Coast Airport 449,400 1.7 10 Coffs Harbour Airport 306,100 3.4 11 Ballina Airport 265,100 1.4 12 Albury Airport 247,900 4.8

Busiest Domestic Routes out of Sydney Airport (For October 2010)[29] Rank Airport Passengers handled  % Change 1 Melbourne Airport 698,000 4.2 2 Brisbane Airport 403,000 1.0 3 Gold Coast Airport 203,100 6.7 4 Adelaide Airport 164,000 5.5 5 Perth Airport 153,000 12.6 6 Canberra International Airport 97,800 5.2 7 Cairns Airport 85,100 1.4 8 Sunshine Coast Airport 45,200 15.8 9 Hobart International Airport 43,600 0.6 10 Coffs Harbour Airport 28,800 9.5 11 Ballina Airport 26,000 1.5 12 Albury Airport 23,200 7.7

International

Busiest International Routes out of Sydney Airport (YE June 2011)[30]' Rank Airport Passengers handled  % Change 1 Auckland Airport 1,403,284 1.4 2 Singapore Changi Airport 1,115,710 2.7 3 Los Angeles International Airport 967,996 12.6 4 Hong Kong International Airport 947,680 3.0 5 Suvarnabhumi Airport 552,438 4.3 6 Christchurch International Airport 493,672 14.9 7 London Heathrow Airport 461,300 1.2 8 Nadi International Airport 451,826 16.6 9 Dubai International Airport 404,770 1.3 10 Shanghai Pudong International Airport 331,710 19.4 |- 11 Incheon International Airport 324,407 7.6 12 Tokyo Narita Airport 322,552 2.3 13 San Francisco Airport 299,011 7.3 14 Abu Dhabi International Airport 295,303 12.4 15 Wellington International Airport 281,450 7.1

Busiest International Routes out of Sydney Airport (For September 2011)[30] Rank Airport Passengers handled  % Change 1 Auckland Airport 111,978 0.1 2 Singapore Changi Airport 94,117 4.2 3 Los Angeles International Airport 81,181 5.6 4 Hong Kong International Airport 74,765 1.0 5 Suvarnabhumi Airport 44,762 5.6 6 Nadi International Airport 43,687 4.5 7 London Heathrow Airport 42,259 4.4 8 Dubai International Airport 36,451 17.4 9 Abu Dhabi International Airport 35,193 4.1 10 Christchurch International Airport 31,431 35.3 11 Kuala Lumpur International Airport 30,919 28.3 12 Shanghai Pudong International Airport 26,963 0.1

For the year ending September 2010, Sydney Airport served 11,324,439 international passengers (9.0%)[31] and 24,133,100 domestic passengers (8.0%).[32]

Prospective users and routes

• Batavia Air plans to commence services between Denpasar (Bali) and Sydney.^[33]

• Scoot, a low-cost long haul airline owned by Singapore Airlines, is planning to commence flights to Sydney from Singapore in mid-2012.^[34]

Transport

Rail

The airport is accessible via the Airport Link underground rail line. The International railway station is located below the International terminal, while the Domestic railway station is located under the car park between the domestic terminals (Terminal 2 and Terminal 3). While the stations are part of the Cityrail suburban network, they are privately owned and operated by the Airport Link consortium. As a result passengers are required to pay a station access fee or 'gate fee' of $11.80. This fee is added to the price of the distance based train ticket or paid for separately in the case of daily or weekly tickets.^{[35] [36]}

The trains that service the airport are regular suburban trains. Unlike special airport trains at other airports, these do not have special provisions for customers with luggage, do not operate express to the airport and may have all seats occupied by commuters before the trains arrive at the airport.

Bus

Sydney Buses operates Route 400 from Burwood to Bondi Junction railway stations and stops at the International and Domestic terminals. It connects the eastern suburbs, Inner West and St George areas to the airport.^[37]

Private shuttle buses also service the airport from the Sutherland Shire, Blue Mountains and Central Coast.

Road

Sydney Airport, being located within a dense urban area, has road connections in all directions. Southern Cross Drive (M1), a motorway, is the fastest link with the city centre. The only other motorway, the M5 South Western Motorway (including the M5 East Freeway) links the airport with the south-western suburbs of Sydney.

A ring road runs around the airport consisting of Airport Drive, Qantas Drive, General Holmes Drive, M5 East Freeway and Marsh Street. General Holmes Drive features a tunnel under the main north-south runway and three taxiways as well as providing access to an aircraft viewing area. Inside the airport a part-ring road — Ross Smith Avenue (named after Ross MacPherson Smith) — connects the Domestic Terminal with the control tower, the general aviation area, car-rental company storage yards, long-term car park, heliport, various retail operations and a hotel. A perimeter road runs inside the secured area for authorised vehicles only.

The Airport runs several official car parks—Domestic Short Term, Domestic Remote Long Term, and International Short/Long Term.^[38] There are also many third-party parking operators clustered around the airport providing substantial discounts on the official car park rates, who provide free shuttle buses to the airport.

Pedestrian and bicycle

The International Terminal is located beside a wide pedestrian and bicycle path. It links Mascot and Sydney City in the north-east with Tempe (via a foot bridge over Alexandra Canal) and Botany Bay to the south-west. All terminals offer bicycle racks and are also easily accessible by foot from nearby areas.

Accidents and incidents

• On 18 June 1950 a Douglas DC-3 of Ansett Airways taxiing for take-off from Sydney's now non-existent Runway 22 for a night-time passenger flight to Brisbane, hit and partially-derailed a coal train travelling on the railway line that crossed the runway. Only the co-pilot was injured.^[39]

• On 30 November 1961, Ansett-ANA Flight 325, a Vickers Viscount, crashed into Botany Bay shortly after take-off. The starboard wing failed after the aircraft flew into a thunderstorm. All 15 people on board were killed.^[40]

• On 1 December 1969, Boeing 707-321B N892PA of Pan Am Flight 812 overran the runway during take-off due to bird strikes. The accident investigation established that the aircraft struck a flock of seagulls, with a minimum of 11 individual bird strikes to the leading edges of the wings and engines 1, 2, and 3. In particular, blade 14 of number 2 engine was damaged by a single bird carcass and lost power before the decision to abandon the take-off (which occurred at or near V₁). The aircraft came to rest 560 feet (170 m) beyond the end of runway 34 (now runway 34L). During the crash, Number 2 engine hit the ground and was damaged. The nose and left main landing gears failed and the aircraft came to rest supported by engines 1 and 2, the nose, and the remainder of the main landing gear. There were no injuries or fatalities amongst the 125 passengers and 11 crew. The accident investigation concluded that the overrun was not inevitable.^[41]

• On 21 February 1980, VH-AAV, a Beechcraft Super King Air took off from Sydney Airport and suffered an engine failure. The pilot flew the aircraft back to the Airport and attempted to land but crashed into the sea wall. All 13 people on board died in the accident.

• On 24 April 1994, Douglas DC-3 VH-EDC of South Pacific Airmotive had an engine malfunction shortly after take-off on a charter flight to Norfolk Island. The engine was feathered but airspeed decayed and it was found to be impossible to maintain height. A successful ditching was carried out into Botany Bay. All four crew and 21 passengers safely evacuated the aircraft. The investigation revealed that the propeller was not fully feathered.^[42]

• On 23 March 2009, Terminal 3 was the scene of a brawl involving 10 people in the two rival bikie gangs Hells Angels and Comancheros. The brawl left 1 man dead and was witnessed by over 50 travelers, CCTV cameras and airport staff including airport security who could do little to intervene.^[43]

See also

• List of Australian airports
• Transport in Australia
• Ascot Racecourse, Sydney
• RAAF Mascot
• United States Army Air Forces in Australia (World War II)

References

External links

• Sydney Airport Homepage
• Sydney Tower
• Sydney Airport Frequency and Airway Data

Sydney landmarks Buildings / structures Convention and Exhibition Centre Finger Wharf Hyde Park Barracks Queen Victoria Building Observatory Mint Opera House Harbour Bridge Sydney Tower Eye Town Hall War Memorial The Toaster Government House Kirribilli House Parliament House World Square World Tower General Post Office (No. 1 Martin Place) Warragamba Dam Chifley Tower Citigroup Centre Deutsche Bank Place Governor Phillip Tower St Mary's Cathedral Cadmans Cottage St Andrew's Cathedral Precincts Chinatown Darling Harbour Kings Cross Martin Place The Rocks Green Square Railway Square Parks and nature Bicentennial Park Centennial Park Chinese Garden of Friendship The Domain Farm Cove Hyde Park Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney Park Moore Park Ku-ring-gai Chase Sydney Harbour National Park Blue Mountains National Park Royal National Park Cronulla sand dunes Cultural institutions Art Gallery of New South Wales Australian Museum Australian National Maritime Museum Museum of Contemporary Art Museum of Sydney Powerhouse Museum Sydney Aquarium Taronga Zoo State Library Sydney Conservatorium of Music Sport Sydney Football Stadium Sydney Cricket Ground Olympic Park ANZ Stadium Eastern Creek Raceway Royal Randwick Rosehill Gardens Racecourse Transportation Central Station Monorail Sydney Airport Underground Railway New Northern Sydney Underground Railway Circular Quay ANZAC Bridge George St Oxford St Pitt St William St Macquarie St Broadway Norton St Entertainment Entertainment Centre The Star Casino & Hotel Fox Studios Australia Entertainment Quarter State Theatre Capitol Theatre Lyric Theatre Plaza Theatre Luna Park Sydney Super Dome Beaches and islands Bondi Manly Palm Beach Avalon Newport Coogee Maroubra Cronulla Bare Island Fort Denison Cockatoo Island Garden Island Goat Island Shark Island

Airports in Australia Australian Capital Territory Canberra New South Wales Albury · Armidale · Ballina · Bathurst · Broken Hill · Cobar · Coffs Harbour · Cooma · Dubbo · Grafton · Griffith · Lismore · Lord Howe Island · Merimbula · Moree · Moruya · Mudgee · Narrabri · Narrandera · Newcastle · Orange · Parkes · Port Macquarie · Sydney · Tamworth · Taree · Wagga Wagga Northern Territory Alice Springs · Ayers Rock · Darwin · Elcho Island · Lake Evella · Groote Eylandt · Hooker Creek · Maningrida · McArthur River Mine · Milingimbi · Gove · Ramingining · Tennant Creek · Victoria River Downs Queensland Aurukun · Badu Island · Bamaga (Northern Peninsula) · Barcaldine · Bedourie · Birdsville · Blackall · Blackwater · Boigu Island · Boulia · Brisbane · Bundaberg · Burketown · Cairns · Charleville · Chinchilla · Cloncurry · Coconut Island · Coen · Cooktown · Cunnamulla  · Darnley Island · Doomadgee · Emerald · Gladstone · Gold Coast · Great Barrier Reef (Hamilton Island) · Hervey Bay · Horn Island · Hughenden · Julia Creek · Karumba · Kowanyama · Kubin (Moa Island) · Lizard Island · Lockhart River · Longreach · Mabuiag Island · Mackay · Moranbah · Mornington Island · Mount Isa · Murray Island · Normanton · Palm Island · Proserpine / Whitsunday Coast · Quilpie · Redcliffe · Richmond · Rockhampton · Roma · Saibai Island · Sunshine Coast · Thangool · Thargomindah · Townsville · Warraber Island · Weipa · Windorah · Winton · Yam Island · Yorke Island South Australia Adelaide · Ceduna · Coober Pedy · Kingscote · Mount Gambier · Olympic Dam · Port Augusta · Port Lincoln · Prominent Hill · Whyalla Tasmania Burnie · Devonport · Flinders Island · Hobart · King Island · Launceston Victoria Avalon · Essendon · Hamilton · Melbourne · Mildura · Moorabbin · Mount Hotham · Portland Western Australia Albany · Argyle · Broome · Carnarvon · Esperance · Geraldton · Kalbarri · Kalgoorlie-Boulder · Karratha · Kununurra · Laverton · Leinster · Leonora · Meekatharra · Mount Magnet · Newman · Paraburdoo · Perth · Port Hedland · Ravensthorpe · Shark Bay · Wiluna This lists airports in Australia with scheduled passenger services. Airports with scheduled international services are bolded.

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