Wiener Gruppe

Wiener Gruppe (Vienna Group) was a small and loose avant-garde constellation of Austrian poets and writers, which arose from an older and wider postwar association of artists called Art-Club ^[1]. The group was formed around 1954 under the influence of H. C. Artmann (1921-2000) in Vienna and existed for about a decade ^[2]. Besides Artmann are Friedrich Achleitner (*1930), Konrad Bayer (1932-1964), Gerhard Rühm (*1930) and Oswald Wiener (*1935) regarded as members ^[3].

This group showed interest in the Baroque literature, as well as in Expressionism, Dadaism and Surrealism ^[4]. Important impulses also came from upholders of linguistic scepticism, linguistic criticism and linguistic philosophy, such as Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Fritz Mauthner or Ludwig Wittgenstein ^[5].

The linguistic awareness of the Wiener Gruppe was also displayed in the members notion of language as optic and acoustic material ^[6]. Already in the early 1950s concrete poetry became an exciting new element of at least the works of Rühm, Achleitner and Wiener. Readings and recordings became important parts of the activity. With the charm of novelty, several members also made use of the richness of sounds and vocabulary of their own Bavarian and Vienna dialect. Furthermore, the group was trying out text montage ^[7].

As H. C. Artmann in 1958 took his own line, the suicide of Konrad Bayer in 1964 definitely put an end to Wiener Gruppe ^[8].

Footnotes

1. ^ Thomas Eder and Juliane Vogel, 2008
2. ^ Peter Weibel, 1997
3. ^ Gerhard Rühm, 1985
4. ^ F. Achleitner and W. Fetz, 1998
5. ^ Michael Backes, 2001
6. ^ Peter Weibel, 1997
7. ^ artmann, bayer and rühm: montagen 1956 (1964)
8. ^ Gerhard Rühm, 1985

Literature

• Gerhard Rühm (ed.): Die Wiener Gruppe: Achleitner, Artmann, Bayer, Rühm, Wiener (Rowohlt, Reinbek 1985) ISBN 978-3-498-07300-8.
• Peter Weibel (ed.): die wiener gruppe. a moment of modernity 1954-1960 / the visual works and actions. (Springer, Wien & New York 1997) - Exhib. cat. Biennale di Venezia
• F. Achleitner and P. Weibel (ed.): Wiener Gruppe (1997)
• F. Achleitner and W. Fetz (ed.): Wiener Gruppe. (Exhib. cat., Kunsthalle Wien, 1998)
• Michael Backes: Experimentelle Semiotik in Literaturavantgarden. Über die Wiener Gruppe mit Bezug auf die Konkrete Poesie (Wilhelm Fink Verlag, München 2001) ISBN 3-7705-3450-6.
• Thomas Eder, Juliane Vogel: „verschiedene sätze treten auf“. Die Wiener Gruppe in Aktion Profile. Magazin des Österreichischen Literaturarchivs der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek, Bd. 15.(Wien 2008) ISBN 978-3-552-05444-8