Warthin–Starry stain

The Warthin–Starry stain (WS) is a silver nitrate-based staining method (a silver stain) used in histology. It was first introduced in 1920 by American pathologists Aldred S. Warthin and Allen C. Starry, for the detection of spirochetes.[1][2] It has been considered the best stain for detection of spirochetes,[3] and is also used to stain Helicobacter pylori, Lawsonia intracellularis,[4] Microsporidia,[5][6] and particulates.[7]

WS stains organisms dark brown to black, and the background light golden brown/golden yellow.[5]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Warthin-Starry stain". Merriam-Webster's Medical Dictionary. http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/warthin-starry%20stain. Retrieved 2009-09-04. 
  2. ^ Warthin AS, Chronister AC (1920). "A more rapid and improved method of demonstrating spirochetes in tissues (Warthin and Starry’s cover-glass method)". American Journal of Syphilis 4: 97–103.
  3. ^ "Special Stains in Histology". The Internet Pathology Laboratory. University of Utah Spencer S. Eccles Health Sciences Library. [n.d.]. http://library.med.utah.edu/WebPath/HISTHTML/STAINS/STAINS.html. Retrieved 2009-09-04. 
  4. ^ Huerta, B; Arenas, A; Carrasco, L; Maldonado, A; Tarradas, C; Carbonero, A; Perea, A (Aug 2003). "Comparison of diagnostic techniques for porcine proliferative enteropathy (Lawsonia intracellularis infection)". Journal of comparative pathology 129 (2-3): 179–85. doi:10.1016/S0021-9975(03)00030-6. ISSN 0021-9975. PMID 12921724.  edit
  5. ^ a b Field, As; Marriott, Dj; Hing, Mc (1993). "The Warthin-Starry stain in the diagnosis of small intestinal microsporidiosis in HIV-infected patients" (Free full text). Folia parasitologica 40 (4): 261–6. ISSN 0015-5683. PMID 7516907. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/aidsandinfections.html.  edit
  6. ^ Słodkowicz-Kowalska, A (2004). "Laboratory diagnostics of human microsporidiosis" (Free full text). Wiadomosci parazytologiczne 50 (4): 679–89. ISSN 0043-5163. PMID 16862802. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/bowelmovement.html.  edit
  7. ^ Liu, H. (2008). "Warthin-starry Silver Method Showing Particulate Matter in Macrophage1". Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 21: 85–83. doi:10.1016/S0895-3988(08)60011-2.  edit

External links

Iron/Hemosiderin
Lipids
Carbohydrates
Amyloid
Bacteria
Connective tissue
Other
Tissue stainability