WNT5A
Protein Wnt-5a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WNT5A gene.[1][2]
The WNT gene family consists of structurally related genes that encode secreted signaling proteins. These proteins have been implicated in oncogenesis and in several developmental processes, including regulation of cell fate and patterning during embryogenesis. This gene is a member of the WNT gene family. The WNT5A is highly expressed in the dermal papilla of depilated skin.It encodes a protein showing 98%, 98%, and 87% amino acid identity to the mouse, rat and the xenopus Wnt5A protein, respectively. The experiments performed in Xenopus laevis embryos identified that human frizzled-5 (hFz5) is the receptor for the Wnt5A ligand and the Wnt5A/hFz5 signaling mediates axis induction.[2]
References
Further reading
- Smolich BD, McMahon JA, McMahon AP, Papkoff J (1994). "Wnt family proteins are secreted and associated with the cell surface.". Mol. Biol. Cell 4 (12): 1267–75. Bibcode 1994JPhy3...4.1267H. doi:10.1051/jp3:1994201. PMC 275763. PMID 8167409. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=275763.
- Danielson KG, Pillarisetti J, Cohen IR, et al. (1996). "Characterization of the complete genomic structure of the human WNT-5A gene, functional analysis of its promoter, chromosomal mapping, and expression in early human embryogenesis.". J. Biol. Chem. 270 (52): 31225–34. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.52.31225. PMID 8537388.
- Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (1997). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery.". Genome Res. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
- He X, Saint-Jeannet JP, Wang Y, et al. (1997). "A member of the Frizzled protein family mediating axis induction by Wnt-5A.". Science 275 (5306): 1652–4. doi:10.1126/science.275.5306.1652. PMID 9054360.
- Wright M, Aikawa M, Szeto W, Papkoff J (1999). "Identification of a Wnt-responsive signal transduction pathway in primary endothelial cells.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 263 (2): 384–8. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1999.1344. PMID 10491302.
- Gazit A, Yaniv A, Bafico A, et al. (1999). "Human frizzled 1 interacts with transforming Wnts to transduce a TCF dependent transcriptional response.". Oncogene 18 (44): 5959–66. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1202985. PMID 10557084.
- Saitoh T, Mine T, Katoh M (2002). "Frequent up-regulation of WNT5A mRNA in primary gastric cancer.". Int. J. Mol. Med. 9 (5): 515–9. PMID 11956659.
- Weeraratna AT, Jiang Y, Hostetter G, et al. (2002). "Wnt5a signaling directly affects cell motility and invasion of metastatic melanoma.". Cancer Cell 1 (3): 279–88. doi:10.1016/S1535-6108(02)00045-4. PMID 12086864.
- Saitoh T, Katoh M (2003). "Expression and regulation of WNT5A and WNT5B in human cancer: up-regulation of WNT5A by TNFalpha in MKN45 cells and up-regulation of WNT5B by beta-estradiol in MCF-7 cells.". Int. J. Mol. Med. 10 (3): 345–9. PMID 12165812.
- Murphy LL, Hughes CC (2002). "Endothelial cells stimulate T cell NFAT nuclear translocation in the presence of cyclosporin A: involvement of the wnt/glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta pathway.". J. Immunol. 169 (7): 3717–25. PMID 12244165.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
- Ishitani T, Kishida S, Hyodo-Miura J, et al. (2003). "The TAK1-NLK mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade functions in the Wnt-5a/Ca(2+) pathway to antagonize Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 23 (1): 131–9. doi:10.1128/MCB.23.1.131-139.2003. PMC 140665. PMID 12482967. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=140665.
- Hocevar BA, Mou F, Rennolds JL, et al. (2003). "Regulation of the Wnt signaling pathway by disabled-2 (Dab2).". EMBO J. 22 (12): 3084–94. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg286. PMC 162138. PMID 12805222. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=162138.
- Taki M, Kamata N, Yokoyama K, et al. (2004). "Down-regulation of Wnt-4 and up-regulation of Wnt-5a expression by epithelial-mesenchymal transition in human squamous carcinoma cells.". Cancer Sci. 94 (7): 593–7. doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2003.tb01488.x. PMID 12841867.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs.". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- Glinsky GV, Glinskii AB, Stephenson AJ, et al. (2004). "Gene expression profiling predicts clinical outcome of prostate cancer.". J. Clin. Invest. 113 (6): 913–23. doi:10.1172/JCI20032. PMC 362118. PMID 15067324. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=362118.
- Nishioka K, Dennis JE, Gao J, et al. (2005). "Sustained Wnt protein expression in chondral constructs from mesenchymal stem cells.". J. Cell. Physiol. 203 (1): 6–14. doi:10.1002/jcp.20196. PMID 15389636.
- Blanc E, Roux GL, Bénard J, Raguénez G (2005). "Low expression of Wnt-5a gene is associated with high-risk neuroblastoma.". Oncogene 24 (7): 1277–83. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208255. PMID 15592517.
- Kremenevskaja N, von Wasielewski R, Rao AS, et al. (2005). "Wnt-5a has tumor suppressor activity in thyroid carcinoma.". Oncogene 24 (13): 2144–54. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1208370. PMID 15735754.
- Wang Q, Symes AJ, Kane CA, Freeman A, Nariculam J, et al. (2010). Hotchin, Neil A.. ed. "A Novel Role for Wnt/Ca2+ Signaling in Actin Cytoskeleton Remodeling and Cell Motility in Prostate Cancer". PLoS ONE 5 (5): e10456. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0010456. PMC 2864254. PMID 20454608. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2864254.