WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 3
WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WISP3 gene.[1][2]
This gene encodes a member of the WNT1 inducible signaling pathway (WISP) protein subfamily, which belongs to the connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) family. WNT1 is a member of a family of cysteine-rich, glycosylated signaling proteins that mediate diverse developmental processes. The CTGF family members are characterized by four conserved cysteine-rich domains: insulin-like growth factor-binding domain, von Willebrand factor type C module, thrombospondin domain and C-terminal cystine knot-like domain. This gene is overexpressed in colon tumors. It may be downstream in the WNT1 signaling pathway that is relevant to malignant transformation. Mutations of this gene are associated with progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia, an autosomal recessive skeletal disorder, indicating that the gene is essential for normal postnatal skeletal growth and cartilage homeostasis. Alternative splicing generates at least three transcript variants.[2]
References
- ^ Pennica D, Swanson TA, Welsh JW, Roy MA, Lawrence DA, Lee J, Brush J, Taneyhill LA, Deuel B, Lew M, Watanabe C, Cohen RL, Melhem MF, Finley GG, Quirke P, Goddard AD, Hillan KJ, Gurney AL, Botstein D, Levine AJ (Jan 1999). "WISP genes are members of the connective tissue growth factor family that are up-regulated in wnt-1-transformed cells and aberrantly expressed in human colon tumors". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95 (25): 14717–22. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.25.14717. PMC 24515. PMID 9843955. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=24515.
- ^ a b "Entrez Gene: WISP3 WNT1 inducible signaling pathway protein 3". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8838.
Further reading
- Bork P (1993). "The modular architecture of a new family of growth regulators related to connective tissue growth factor.". FEBS Lett. 327 (2): 125–30. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(93)80155-N. PMID 7687569.
- Hurvitz JR, Suwairi WM, Van Hul W, et al. (1999). "Mutations in the CCN gene family member WISP3 cause progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia.". Nat. Genet. 23 (1): 94–8. doi:10.1038/12699. PMID 10471507.
- Kleer CG, Zhang Y, Pan Q, et al. (2002). "WISP3 is a novel tumor suppressor gene of inflammatory breast cancer.". Oncogene 21 (20): 3172–80. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1205462. PMID 12082632.
- Tanaka S, Sugimachi K, Shimada M, et al. (2002). "Variant WISPs as targets for gastrointestinal carcinomas.". Gastroenterology 123 (1): 392–3. doi:10.1053/gast.2002.34589. PMID 12105881.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
- Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMC 403697. PMID 12975309. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=403697.
- Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6.". Nature 425 (6960): 805–11. doi:10.1038/nature02055. PMID 14574404.
- Liao EY, Peng YQ, Zhou HD, et al. (2004). "Gene symbol: WISP3. Disease: spondyloepihyseal dysplasia tarda with progressive arthropathy.". Hum. Genet. 115 (2): 174. PMID 15300987.
- Cheon H, Boyle DL, Firestein GS (2005). "Wnt1 inducible signaling pathway protein-3 regulation and microsatellite structure in arthritis.". J. Rheumatol. 31 (11): 2106–14. PMID 15517620.
- Kutz WE, Gong Y, Warman ML (2005). "WISP3, the gene responsible for the human skeletal disease progressive pseudorheumatoid dysplasia, is not essential for skeletal function in mice.". Mol. Cell. Biol. 25 (1): 414–21. doi:10.1128/MCB.25.1.414-421.2005. PMC 538768. PMID 15601861. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=538768.
- Cervello M, Giannitrapani L, Labbozzetta M, et al. (2005). "Expression of WISPs and of their novel alternative variants in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.". Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 1028: 432–9. doi:10.1196/annals.1322.051. PMID 15650268.
- Zhang Y, Pan Q, Zhong H, et al. (2006). "Inhibition of CCN6 (WISP3) expression promotes neoplastic progression and enhances the effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 on breast epithelial cells.". Breast Cancer Res. 7 (6): R1080–9. doi:10.1186/bcr1351. PMC 1410771. PMID 16457688. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1410771.
- Davis L, Chen Y, Sen M (2006). "WISP-3 functions as a ligand and promotes superoxide dismutase activity.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 342 (1): 259–65. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.01.132. PMID 16480948.
- Miller DS, Sen M (2007). "Potential role of WISP3 (CCN6) in regulating the accumulation of reactive oxygen species.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 355 (1): 156–61. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.01.114. PMID 17286957.
- Yang Y, Liao E (2007). "Mutant WISP3 triggers the phenotype shift of articular chondrocytes by promoting sensitivity to IGF-1 hypothesis of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda with progressive arthropathy (SEDT-PA).". Med. Hypotheses 68 (6): 1406–10. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2006.06.046. PMID 17363178.
- Davies SR, Watkins G, Mansel RE, Jiang WG (2007). "Differential expression and prognostic implications of the CCN family members WISP-1, WISP-2, and WISP-3 in human breast cancer.". Ann. Surg. Oncol. 14 (6): 1909–18. doi:10.1245/s10434-007-9376-x. PMID 17406949.