| Marine Fighting Squadron 413 | |
|---|---|
VMB-413’s old insignia |
|
| Active |
|
| Country | United States |
| Allegiance | United States of America |
| Branch | United States Marine Corps |
| Type | Fighter squadron |
| Role | Air interdiction Close air support |
| Part of | Inactive |
| Nickname | ”Flying Nightmares” “Night Hecklers” ”Shamrocks” |
| Engagements | World War II |
| Aircraft flown | |
| Bomber | PBJ-1D |
| Fighter | F-8 Crusader |
Marine Fighting Squadron 413 (VMF-413) was a fighter squadron of the Marine Forces Reserve during the Cold War. It descended from bombing squadron VMB-413, which was the Marine Corps' first medium bomber squadron and had fought during World War II. Best known as “Night Hecklers” and the Shamrocks”, the squadron fought in many areas of the Pacific War.
Following the surrender of Japan, the squadron was deactivated on November 30, 1945 . VMF-413 reactivated in the Marine Forces Reserve and was based out of Naval Air Station Dallas, Texas [1] until its deactivation in January 1963.
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The squadron was activated on March 1, 1943 as Marine Bombing Squadron 413 (VMB-413) at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point, North Carolina.[2] On December 1, 1943, the squadron completed their training at MCAS Cherry Point [3] and from there moved to the West Coast until finally leaving from Naval Air Station North Island on January 3, 1944.[4] They arrived at Espiritu Santo on January 27, 1944 and remained there until March 7, 1944 when they were sent to Stirling Island in the Treasury Islands. While stationed here the squadron flew a few night-time heckling missions against the Japanese garrisons at Kahili, Bougainville and Rabaul until July 1944 when they moved back to Espiritu Santo.[4] During that time the squadron lost five aircraft along with 32 crewman.[5]
In July 1944, VMB-413 began operating from Munda from where they began to raid both Kahili and Choiseul on a regular basis until October 18, 1944 when they were removed to Emirau. From here they ran missions against Japanese forces in New Ireland and New Britain until the surrender of Japan in August 1945.[4]
Following the end of the war, the squadron was reactivated in the reserves at Naval Air Station Dallas. During this time, they shared aircraft with VMF-111 and VMF-112 until they were deactivated in January 1963.[6]
A unit citation or commendation is an award bestowed upon an organization for the action cited. Members of the unit who participated in said actions are allowed to wear on their uniforms the awarded unit citation. VMB-413 was presented with the following awards:
| Ribbon | Unit Award |
| Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal | |
| World War II Victory Medal | |
| National Defense Service Medal with one Bronze Star |