Banana beer is an alcoholic beverage made from fermentation of mashed bananas. The leavening agent is sorghum, millet or maize flour.[1]
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In Kenya, banana beer is known as urwaga, in Uganda as lubisi, in Rwanda and Burundi as urwagwa.[2]
Banana beer is sometimes consumed during rituals and ceremonies.[3] A similar product called mwenge is made in Uganda with only bananas and sorghum.[4] It can also be found under the names kasiksi, nokrars, rwabitoke, urwedensiya, urwarimu and milinda kaki.
Banana beer is made from ripe (but not over-ripe) East African Highland bananas.[5] To accelerate the ripening of bananas, a hole is dug in the ground, lined with dried banana leaves which are then set on fire. Fresh banana leaves are laid on top of them, and then the unripe bananas. These are then covered by more fresh banana leaves and trunks. After four to six days, the bananas are ripe enough.[1] This method only works in the dry season. During the rainy season, bananas are ripened by putting them on a hurdle near a cooking fire.[6]
There are two types of banana that are used for banana beer: the harsh tasting igikashi and the milder tasting igisahira.[7] The banana beer mixture consists of one third igikashi and two thirds igisahira. Once ripened, the bananas are peeled. If they cannot be peeled by hand, they are not ripe enough. After peeling, the bananas are kneaded until soft. The juice is then filtered to get clear banana juice, which is then diluted with water. Sorghum is ground and lightly roasted and then added to the juice. This mixture is left to ferment for 24 hours and then filtered.[5]
After filtering, the beer is packaged in glass or plastic bottles. In commercial production, the beer may first be pasteurized before packaging to stop fermentation and extend shelf life.[5]
Commercial brands include:
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