Upper Macedonia (Greek: Ἄνω Μακεδονία, Ánō Makedonía) is a geographical and tribal term to describe the upper/western of the two parts in which, together with Lower Macedonia, the kingdom of Macedon was roughly divided.[1][2][3] Upper Macedonia became part of the kingdom of Macedon in the early 4th century BC. From that date, its inhabitants were politically equal to Lower Macedonians. Upper Macedonia was divided in the regions of Elimeia, Eordaea, Orestis, Lynkestis, Pelagonia and Deuriopus.
Hecataeus and Strabo identified these mountain Macedonia kingdoms as of Epirote stock. Two of the most important Hellenistic dynasties originated from Upper Macedonia: Lagids from Eordaea and Seleucids from Orestis.
Some names of Upper Macedonians look not apparently Greek (Arrhabaios, Arrhidaios, Derdas, Sabattaras), and some scholars such as Eugene N. Borza argue that the inhabitants of Upper Macedonia retained many of the supposedly non-Greek names later lost among Lower Macedonians. Others argue these names may be Greek although many do not yet have clear Greek etymologies, while others argue that the names were borrowed from Thracians and/or Illyrians.