Turko-Mongol (or Turkic-Mongol) is a modern designation for various nomads who were subjects of the Mongol Empire. Being progressively Turkicized in terms of language and identity following the Mongol conquests, they derived their ethnic and cultural origins from steppes of Central Asia. Among the most important Turco-Mongol kingdoms were the Ilkhanate, the Chagatai Khanate and the Golden Horde. The term is sometimes also used to describe successor Khanates and principalities, such as the Khanate of Kazan, the Nogai Khanate, the Crimean Khanate and the Empire of Timur.