In Occitan lyric poetry, a tornada (Occitan: [turˈnaðɔ], Catalan: [turˈnaðə] or [toɾˈnaða]; "turned, twisted") refers to a final, shorter stanza (cobla) which is addressed to a patron, lady, or friend. They often contain useful information about the piece's composition (place and date) and the troubadour's circle.