| Thorez Торез |
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|---|---|---|---|
| — Town — | |||
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| Coordinates: | |||
| Country | Ukraine | ||
| Oblast | Donetsk | ||
| Founded | 1778 | ||
| Area | |||
| • Total | 105.8 km2 (40.8 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2001) | |||
| • Total | 82,900 | ||
| Website | http://www.torez.info/ | ||
Thorez (Torez, Ukrainian: Торез; before 1964: Chistyakovo, Russian: Чистяково, Chystyakove, Ukrainian: Чистякове) is a city of oblast subordinance in Donetsk Oblast of Ukraine. Population - 72,346 (2001). Most residents living here are working in the mine industry, although now declining. In 1978 there were 97,000 residents in the city.
The city was named after French Communist Party leader Maurice Thorez.
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Town was founded in 1778 as a small settlement at the confluence of the rivers Sevostyanivka and Orlova (Pool Mius) runaway serfs from different provinces. By 1800 in Sloboda Alekseevka founded by Lieutenant-General S. Leonov lived 225.
Since the 1860s - the centre of mining coal. Since the second half of the 19th century the settlement was called by the name of the owner Chistyakova estates - Taganrog merchant Chistyakove. In 1875, founded Chistyakovskoe Mining Company, in the north of the current Thorez then worked mines «Slant» and «Gallery», as well as Oleksiivs'ky Mining Company (since 1907 renamed the «Nadiya»). In 1909, in the mountainous area Chistyakovskom produced 4 700 thousand poods coal in 1916 - 76 800 thousand poods coal.
In 1924, in Chistyakovskom mountainous area, there were 142 settlements, there were 44 679 people. In 1932 the village became a town. In 1933, established a trust «Chistyakovugol», combining the 10 coal mines, stone career.
In the 1940s, established the District 3 city council Chistyakove (now removed):
Today Thorez - big city, one of the centres of the coal industry in Ukraine. The population is close to the mark in 70,000, and the average density of population - 822 persons per square kilometer.
In Thorez existing well-developed transportation system of internal and external communications. There are 31 public transport route, submitted by taxis and buses. Strong transport links with the cities of snow and Shakhtarsk. Through the centre of the city lies avtomogistral Lugansk - Donetsk (length of 9 km in the city). From the bus station (St. Popovic) go buses in Donetsk, Kharkiv and other major cities of the eastern regions of Ukraine.
Rail submitted three stations:
And yet the two stations, through which pass electric commuter routes:
Production coal and (GHK «Thorezantratsit»), dressing plants - coal production in 2003 at - 703 tons. The difficult situation in the coal mining town. A number of mines that are going to close, then again they are developing programmes. Surface complexes of closed businesses destroyed. Life in the villages with them freezes. The best prospects for coal production from mines «Progres», «Yablonevska», named Lutugin and Kiselev.
Factories: Electrical Engineering (production of equipment for downhole control eletroprivodami machines), naplavochnyh hard alloys ( «Thoreztverdosplav»), reinforced concrete shaft roof, repair-mechanical, milk, bread, meat processing. Factory: furniture, «EVMinform», food. About half of the total number of employees in the national economy of work in the industry.
Industrial production - 175 million hryvnia (by 1 people - 1 919 UAH). The index of industrial production - 23.2% in the 2003 from the 1990 from. Emissions of harmful substances in the 2003 from air pollution sources from the city - 5,8 thousand tons.
«Central Village» (Ukrainian: Cелище центральне Conversation - «TSePe») - the historic part of Thorez located in its southeast. One of the first centralized entities in the Chistyakova. By 1932 (when Thorez received city status) central role of infrastructure carried out village center Chistyakova and surrounding mining towns.
Today the central village completely connected with the city centre and other areas Thorez. In the central village shodni acting school, two kindergartens.
«Shanghai» - a small residential area in the south east of Thorez built in 1946 of prisoners in World War II Hungarians. Array consisted of seven-story apartment buildings like Stalin, but to date the buildings remaining five. Shanghai restricted streets Kirova, Mins'ka, Fadeeva and Shyroka. From the centre of Thorez and connected streets Lenina and Robocha.
In recent years «Shanghai» also called neighborhood housing estate - the areas of private buildings by the streets Shyroka, Smolensk, Novocherkassk, Minsk, Kirov.
Media related to [//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Torez Torez] at Wikimedia Commons
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