Thrixspermum
Thrixspermum is a genus of orchids, comprising around 100 species distributed from India to Southeast Asia and New Guinea. The genus is also present in several Pacific Islands and two species have been found in Australia. The type species is Thrixspermum centipedia. These orchids live in lowland tropical rainforests up to an altitude of 1,200 m.
Thrixspermum are small or medium-sized monopodial epiphyte orchids. They have a typical flattened raceme that bears flowers in either two distinct ranks or any direction. Flowers are fragrant and last 2 to 3 days.
The scientific name refers to the hair-like seeds.
Species
Thrixspermum belongs to the same clade as Acampe, Arachnis, Brachypeza, Dyakia, Pelatantheria, Phalaenopsis, Pomatocalpa, Trichoglottis, and Vanda
- Thrixspermum aberrans Schltr. 1913
- Thrixspermum acuminatissimum (Rchb. f.) Rchb.f. 1868 (synonym Sarcochilus acuminatissimus)
- Thrixspermum acutilobum J.J.Sm. 1921
- Thrixspermum adenotrichum Schltr. 1913
- Thrixspermum affine Schltr. 1906
- Thrixspermum agamense J.J.Sm. 1927
- Thrixspermum agusanense Ames 1915
- Thrixspermum album Rupp 1940
- Thrixspermum amesianum L.O.Williams 1938
- Thrixspermum amplexicaule (Bl.) Rchb. f. 1867 : Flower-stem-surrounded-by-leaves Thrixspermum (synonym Sarcochilus amplexicaulis
- Thrixspermum angustatum L.O.Williams 1938)
- Thrixspermum annamense ( Guillaum. ) Garay 1972 (synonym Ascochilus annamensis)
- Thrixspermum arachnites Rchb. f. (synonym Sarcochilus arachnites)
- Thrixspermum arachnitiforme Schltr. 1921
- Thrixspermum aurantiacum J.J.Sm. 1920
- Thrixspermum austrosinense T.Tang & F.T.Wang 1974
- Thrixspermum barbellatum (Schltr.) M.A.Clem., B.J.Wallace & D.L.Jones 1989
- Thrixspermum batuense J.J.Sm. 1909
- Thrixspermum beccarii Rchb.f. 1886
- Thrixspermum bicristatum Ames 1915
- Thrixspermum bigibbum Schltr. 1911
- Thrixspermum brevibracteatum J.J.Sm. 1928
- Thrixspermum brevicapsularis Holttum 1947
- Thrixspermum brevicaule Carr 1929
- Thrixspermum brevipes Schltr. 1913
- Thrixspermum calceolus Rchb.f. : Small Shoe-carrying Thrixspermum (synonym Sarcochilus calceolus)
- Thrixspermum canaliculatum J.J.Sm. 1914
- Thrixspermum ceciliae (F.Muell.) Rchb.f. 1871
- Thrixspermum celebicum Schltr. 1911
- Thrixspermum centipedia Lour 1790 : Centipede Thrixspermum (type species)
- Thrixspermum ciliatum Schltr. 1906
- Thrixspermum clavilobum J.J.Sm. 1928
- Thrixspermum collinum Schltr. 1913
- Thrixspermum comans J.J.Sm. 1907
- Thrixspermum congestum (Bailey) Dockrill 1967 (synonym Cleisostoma congestum
- Thrixspermum conigerum J.J.Sm. 1921)
- Thrixspermum cordulatum J.J.Sm. 1927
- Thrixspermum corneri Holttum 1947
- Thrixspermum crassifolium Ridl.
- Thrixspermum crassilabre (King & Pantl.) Ormerod 2004
- Thrixspermum crescentiforme Ames & C.Schweinf. 1920
- Thrixspermum cymboglossum Schltr. 1911
- Thrixspermum denticulatum Schltr. 1906 : Toothed Thrixspermum
- Thrixspermum devolium T.P.Lin & C.C.Hsu 1977
- Thrixspermum dilatatum Rchb.f. 1865
- Thrixspermum divitiflorum (Benth.) Rchb.f. 1877
- Thrixspermum doctersii J.J.Sm. 1914
- Thrixspermum duplocallosum Holttum 1947
- Thrixspermum elmeri L.O.Williams 1938
- Thrixspermum elongatum Ames 1915 : Elongate Thrixspermum
- Thrixspermum eximium L.O.Williams 1938
- Thrixspermum falcilobum Schltr. 1906
- Thrixspermum fantasticum L.O.Williams 1938
- Thrixspermum filifolium Schltr. 1911
- Thrixspermum fimbriatum (Ridl.) J.J.Wood 1994
- Thrixspermum flaccidum J.J.Sm. 1920
- Thrixspermum formosanum : White Moth Orchid (synonym Sarcochilus formosanus)
- Thrixspermum fragrans Ridl. 1921
- Thrixspermum godeffroyanum Rchb.f.
- Thrixspermum gombakense J.J.Sm. 1928
- Thrixspermum gracilicaule Schltr. 1907
- Thrixspermum graeffei Rchb.f.
- Thrixspermum hillii (F.Muell.) Rchb.f. 1871
- Thrixspermum incurvicalcar J.J.Sm. 1926
- Thrixspermum indragiriense Schltr. 1907
- Thrixspermum indusiatum Rchb.f. 1886
- Thrixspermum infractum Schltr. 1906
- Thrixspermum inquinatum J.J.Sm. 1907
- Thrixspermum integrum L.O.Williams 1938
- Thrixspermum iodochilus Ridl. 1922
- Thrixspermum japonicum (Miq.) Rchb. f. 1878 : Japan Thrixspermum (synonym Sarcochilus japonicus)
- Thrixspermum javanicum J.J.Sm. 1921
- Thrixspermum kjellbergii J.J.Sm. 1933
- Thrixspermum lampongense J.J.Sm. 1917
- Thrixspermum latifolium J.J.Sm. 1917
- Thrixspermum latisaccatum J.J.Sm. 1920
- Thrixspermum leopardinum Par. & Rchb.f. 1874
- Thrixspermum leucorachne Ridl.
- Thrixspermum ligulatum L.O.Williams 1938
- Thrixspermum linearifolium Ames 1915
- Thrixspermum lombokense J.J.Sm. 1925
- Thrixspermum longicauda Ridl.
- Thrixspermum longilobum J.J.Sm. 1920
- Thrixspermum longipilosum J.J.Sm. 1922
- Thrixspermum loogemanianum'' Schltr. 1911
- Thrixspermum lucidum Schltr. 1911
- Thrixspermum luniferum Rchb.f. 1868
- Thrixspermum maculatum Schltr. 1906
- Thrixspermum malayanum J.J.Sm. 1921
- Thrixspermum mcgregorii Ames 1907
- Thrixspermum merguense (Hook.f .) Kze. 1996 (synonym Sarcochilus merguensis)
- Thrixspermum montanum Ridl. 1913
- Thrixspermum musciflorum A.S.Rao & Joseph 1971
- Thrixspermum neglectum Fukuyama 1952
- Thrixspermum neo-hibernicum Schltr.
- Thrixspermum oeonioides Schltr. 1919
- Thrixspermum olivaceum (Lindl.) Rchb.f. 1865
- Thrixspermum oreadum Schltr. 1913
- Thrixspermum papillosum Carr 1929
- Thrixspermum parviflorum (Lindl.) Rchb.f. 1865
- Thrixspermum patens J.J.Sm. 1921
- Thrixspermum pensile Schltr. 1911
- Thrixspermum philippinense Ames 1914
- Thrixspermum phyllorhizum (F.Muell.) Rchb.f. 1871
- Thrixspermum platyphyllum Rchb.f. 1868
- Thrixspermum platystachys (F.M. Bailey) Schltr. 1911 : Broad-inflorescence Thrixspermum
- Thrixspermum ponapense Tuyama 1940
- Thrixspermum pulchrum Carr 1932
- Thrixspermum purpurascens Rchb. f.
- Thrixspermum quinquelobum Ames 1915
- Thrixspermum raciborskii J.J.Sm
- Thrixspermum remotiflorum J.J.Sm. 1906
- Thrixspermum robinsonii Ames 1915
- Thrixspermum roseum J.J.Sm. 1918
- Thrixspermum rostratum Ames 1915
- Thrixspermum rubricentrum (Fitzg.) Rchb.f. 1887
- Thrixspermum rubrocallosum Carr 1929
- Thrixspermum sagoense J.J.Sm. 1928
- Thrixspermum samarindae Schltr. 1906
- Thrixspermum saruwatarii (Hayata) Schltr. 1919
- Thrixspermum sasaoi Masam. 1934
- Thrixspermum simondii Gagnep. 1951
- Thrixspermum simum J.J.Sm. 1927
- Thrixspermum squarrosum J.J.Sm. 1921
- Thrixspermum subteres J.J.Sm.
- Thrixspermum sumatranum J.J.Sm. 1920
- Thrixspermum tahanense Carr 1930
- Thrixspermum tenuicalcar Carr 1932
- Thrixspermum torajaense P.O'Byrne 1998
- Thrixspermum tortum J.J.Sm. 1914
- Thrixspermum triangulare Ames & C.Schweinf. 1920
- Thrixspermum tridentatum (Lindl.) Rchb.f. 1865 (synonym of Plectorrhiza tridentata (Lindl.) Dockrill, 1967)
- Thrixspermum trichoglottis (Hook.f.)Kuntze 1896
- Thrixspermum tsii W.H.Chen & Y.M.Shui 2005
- Thrixspermum tylophorum Schltr. 1911
- Thrixspermum validum J.J.Sm. 1908
- Thrixspermum vanoverberghii Ames 1914
- Thrixspermum walkeri Seidenf. & P.Ormerod 1995
- Thrixspermum warianum Schltr. 1913 : Warian Mountain Thrixspermum
- Thrixspermum weberi Ames 1922
- Thrixspermum wenzelii Ames 1915
- Thrixspermum xanthanthum Tuyama 1940
- Thrixspermum xantholeucum Schltr.
References
- MATHEW, S. P. & S. ABRAHAM. 1996. Thrixspermum merguense (Hook.f .) Kze. (Orchidaceae). A new record for the Andaman Islands and Indian flora. Mal. Nat. J. 50: 89 - 91, illus.
- O'Byrne, P. 2001. An A to Z of South East Asian orchids. Orchid Rev. 109(1237): 55-59.
- O'Byrne, P. 2001. An A to Z of South East Asian orchids: part 2. Orchid Rev. 109(1238): 81-85.