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The Diocese of Thrace (Latin: Dioecesis Thraciae, Greek: Διοίκησις Θράκης) was a diocese of the later Roman Empire, incorporating the provinces of the eastern Balkan Peninsula (comprising territories in modern south-eastern Romania, central and eastern Bulgaria, and Greek and Turkish Thrace). The diocese was established after the reforms of Diocletian, and was subordinate to the Praetorian prefecture of the East. It lasted until the Balkan peninsula was largely overrun by the Avars and Slavs in the 640s. Soon after, the old provincial system was replaced by the Thematic system.
The diocese included the provinces of Europa, Thracia, Haemimontus, Rhodope, Moesia II and Scythia.