| 玉錦 三右衛門 Tamanishiki San'emon |
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| Personal information | |
| Born | Yasuki Nishinouchi December 15, 1903 Kōchi, Japan |
| Died | December 4, 1938 (aged 34) |
| Height | 1.74 m (5 ft 8 1⁄2 in) |
| Weight | 140 kg (310 lb) |
| Career | |
| Heya | Nishonoseki |
| Record | 308-92-17-3draws (Makuuchi) |
| Debut | January 1919 |
| Highest rank | Yokozuna (November 1932) |
| Retired | December, 1938 |
| Yūshō | 9 (Makuuchi) |
| Kinboshi | 1 (Miyagiyama) |
| * Career information is correct as of September 2007. | |
Tamanishiki San'emon (玉錦 三右衛門, December 15, 1903 – December 4, 1938) was a sumo wrestler from Kōchi, Japan. He was the sport's 32nd Yokozuna. He won a total of nine top division yusho or tournament championships from 1929 to 1936, and was the dominant wrestler in sumo until the emergence of Futabayama. He died whilst still an active wrestler.
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He joined Nishonoseki stable but the stable was very small at that time. Therefore, he often visited Dewanoumi stable and was trained by yokozuna Tochigiyama Moriya. He later became head coach of Nishonoseki stable whilst still active in the ring, and under his leadership the stable enjoyed one of its most successful periods in its history.
Tamanishiki won three consecutive championships from October 1930 to March 1931, but he wasn't promoted to yokozuna. In January 1932, the "Shunjuen-Incident" (春秋園事件, Shunjuen-Jiken) broke out.[1] The incident was the biggest walkout in sumo history. He was one of eleven top division wrestlers who remained in Ozumo[2] and became the first head of Rikishikai (力士会), or the association of active sumo wrestlers. He won his fifth top division championship in May 1932 and was finally awarded a yokozuna licence in November 1932. He was the first yokozuna in sumo since the retirement of Miyagiyama a year and a half earlier. His promotion was seen as a reward for staying with the Sumo Association and helping them through the Shunjuen incident.[3]
Tamanishiki often went to Tatsunami stable and trained wrestlers, such as later yokozuna Futabayama Sadaji. Tatsunami stable was small at that time, but the stable became stronger in the sumo world later. Tamanishiki defeated Futabayama the first six times they met in competition, but he was never able to beat him again after Futabayama began his record winning run in 1936.
Tamanishiki was the first yokozuna to raise one leg high while performing Yokozuna Dohyo-iri (the yokozuna ring entering ceremony). His style was said to be beautiful and Futabayama succeeded to his style. His style is very popular now in yokozuna ceremonies.
In 1938, Tamanishiki died while an active sumo wrestler, following a delayed appendectomy.[4]
| January | March | May | October | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1926 | West Maegashira #13 (8-3) | no tournament held | East Maegashira #6 (5-6) | no tournament held |
| 1927 | West Maegashira #3 (6-5) | West Maegashira #3 (6-4-1)☆ | West Maegashira #1 (6-4-1) | East Maegashira #1 (6-4-1draw) |
| 1928 | East Komusubi (8-3) | West Komusubi (6-4-1draw) | West Sekiwake (9-2) | West Sekiwake (6-5) |
| 1929 | East Sekiwake (10-1) | East Sekiwake (9-2) | East Sekiwake (9-2) | East Sekiwake (7-4)* |
| 1930 | East Sekiwake (9-2) | East Sekiwake (8-3) | West Ōzeki (9-2) | West Ōzeki(9-2) |
| 1931 | East Ōzeki (9-2) | East Ōzeki (10-1) | West Ōzeki (8-3) | West Ōzeki (9-2) |
| 1932 | East Ōzeki (7-1)** | East Ozeki (8-2) | East Ōzeki (10-1) | East Ōzeki (7-4) |
| 1933 | East Yokozuna (9-1-1draw) | no tournament held | East Yokozuna (10-1) | no tournament held |
| 1934 | Sat out due to injury | no tournament held | East Yokozuna (9-2) | no tournament held |
| 1935 | East Yokozuna (10-1) | no tournament held | East Yokozuna (10-1) | no tournament held |
| 1936 | East Yokozuna (11-0) | no tournament held | East Yokozuna (10-1) | no tournament held |
| 1937 | East Yokozuna (6-1-4) | no tournament held | East Yokozuna (9-4) | no tournament held |
| 1938 | West Yokozuna (10-3) | no tournament held | West Yokozuna (10-3) | no tournament held |
*tournament actually held one month earlier
**tournament actually held one month later
| Green Box=Tournament Championship | ☆= Number of Kinboshi. |
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| Yokozuna is not a successive rank, and more than one wrestler can share the title | ||