| Talamanca | ||
| Canton | ||
|
||
| Country | Costa Rica | |
|---|---|---|
| Province | Limón | |
| Capital | Bribrí | |
| - elevation | 43 m (141 ft) | |
| - coordinates | ||
| Lowest point | Sea level | |
| - location | Caribbean Sea | |
| - elevation | 0 m (0 ft) | |
| Area | 576.5 km2 (223 sq mi) | |
| Population | 37,549 (2003) | |
| Density | 65.1 / km2 (169 / sq mi) | |
| Timezone | Central Time (UTC-6) | |
| ISO 3166-2 | CR-L | |
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Location of Talamanca in Limón Province
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| Google Earth[1] | ||
Talamanca is one of six cantons (or counties) that make up the province of Limón in Costa Rica. It is the largest of Costa Rica's 81 cantons, covering an area of 2,809.93 km2 (1,084.92 sq mi),[2] and has a population of 32,555.[3] The county is composed of four districts (see graphic below), with its capital city, Bribrí, located in the Bratsi district. Talamanca houses the largest indigenous population in the country (at 11,062, or 34% of the county's population), which is composed principally of the Bribri and Cabécar groups[4] (who in turn represent two of Costa Rica's eight distinct indigenous groups).[5]
Eight-eight percent of Talamanca's territory is protected.[6] Fifty-five percent of this land falls under the Chiripó, Amistad, and Cahuita National Parks; 31% covers Talamanca's four indigenous reserves (Kekoldi, Talamanca Bribrí, Talamanca Cabécar, and Telire); and 2% belongs to the Refugio de Vida Silvestre Gandoca Manzanillo national "reserve" (a major tortoise breeding ground).[7]
The Costa Rican government is highly aggressive (albeit a bit slow to act)[says who?] in its protection of these lands. On July 27, 2011, for example, the Ministerio de Ambiente, Energía y Telecomunicaciones (Minaet) carried out the demolition of two hotels (Las Palmas and Suerre), due to their occupation of 4 hectares of land within the Refugio de Vida Silvestre Gandoca Manzanillo.[8] This demolition was the culmination of events starting in 1993, when Minaet revoked these hotels' permission of occupation.[9]
The county suffers from pervasive poverty. As of 2009, its human-development index is the lowest-ranked of all Costa Rican cantons.[10] While its most recent infant mortality rate is 12.89% (2009), it was as high as 22.5% (2003), and stayed above 15% between 2003 and 2007.[11] As of 2010, 52.3% of Talamanca inhabitants have access to sanitation (either piped or septic tank), and 75.2% are connected to electricity.[12]
Talamanca contains one of Costa Rica's three official border-crossing points (Sixaola-Guabito). The county is noted for its beautiful beaches, especially in Cahuita and Puerto Viejo (Old Harbor), which are popular tourist locations.
The canton of Talamanca is subdivided into four districts (distritos):[13]
| District | Postal code | Alt. (m) | Area (km2) | Pop. (2008) | Coordinates | Capital |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bratsi | 70401 | 32 | 179.25 | 5,620 | Bribri | |
| Barrios (neighborhoods): Fields, Sand Box | ||||||
| Poblados (villages): Altamira, Akberie (Piedra Grande), Bambú, Chase, Cuabre, Gavilán Canta, Mleyuk 1, Mleyuk 2, Monte Sión, Olivia, Hu-Berie (Rancho Grande), Shiroles, Sibujú, Suretka, Uatsi | ||||||
| Sixaola | 70402 | 10 | 171.78 | 12,437 | ||
| Poblados (villages): Ania, Boca Sixaola, Catarina, Celia, Daytonia, Gandoca, Margarita, Mata de Limón, Noventa y Seis, Palma, Paraíso, Parque, San Miguel, San Miguelito, San Rafael, Virginia, Zavala | ||||||
| Cahuita | 70403 | 4 | 235.64 | 6,546 | ||
| Poblados (villages): Buenavista (Katuir), Bordón, Carbón, Carbón 1, Carbón 2, Catarata, Cocles, Comadre, Dindirí, Gibraltar, Hone Creek, Hotel Creek, Kekoldi, Limonal, Manzanillo, Mile Creek, Patiño, Playa Chiquita, Puerto Viejo, Punta Caliente, Punta Cocles, Punta Mona, Punta Uva, Tuba Creek (part) | ||||||
| Telire | 70404 | 70 | 2223.26 | 7,555 | Amubri | |
| Poblados (villages): Alto Cuen (Kjacka Bata), Alto Lari (Duriñak), Alto Urén, Arenal, Bajo Blei, Bajo Cuen, Boca Urén, Bris, Cachabli, Coroma, Croriña, China Kichá, Dururpe, Guachalaba, Katsi, Kichuguecha, Kivut, Mojoncito, Namuwakir, Orochico, Ourut, Purisquí, Purita, Rangalle, San José Cabecar, Sepeque, Shewab, Sipurio, Soky, Sorókicha, Sukut, Surayo, Suiri, Telire, Turubokicha, Urén | ||||||
The canton was established by law on May 20, 1969.