TMOD1

Tropomodulin 1

Identifiers

TMOD1; D9S57E; ETMOD; TMOD

External IDs

OMIM: 190930 MGI: 98775 HomoloGene: 20701 GeneCards: TMOD1 Gene

Gene Ontology
Molecular function	• actin binding • tropomyosin binding
Cellular component	• nucleus • cytoplasm • cytosol • signalosome • membrane • myofibril • cortical cytoskeleton
Biological process	• muscle filament sliding • myofibril assembly
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO

RNA expression pattern

More reference expression data

Orthologs

Species

Human

Mouse

RefSeq (mRNA)

RefSeq (protein)

Location (UCSC)

Chr 9:
100.26 – 100.36 Mb

Chr 4:
46.05 – 46.13 Mb

PubMed search

[1]

[2]

Tropomodulin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMOD1 gene.^[1]^[2]^[3]

References

^ Sung LA, Fowler VM, Lambert K, Sussman MA, Karr D, Chien S (Mar 1992). "Molecular cloning and characterization of human fetal liver tropomodulin. A tropomyosin-binding protein". J Biol Chem 267 (4): 2616–21. PMID 1370827.
^ Sung LA, Fan Y, Lin CC (Dec 1996). "Gene assignment, expression, and homology of human tropomodulin". Genomics 34 (1): 92–6. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0245. PMID 8661028.
^ "Entrez Gene: TMOD1 tropomodulin 1". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7111.

Ursitti JA, Fowler VM (1994). "Immunolocalization of tropomodulin, tropomyosin and actin in spread human erythrocyte skeletons.". J. Cell. Sci. 107 ( Pt 6): 1633–9. PMID 7962203.
Sung LA, Lin JJ (1994). "Erythrocyte tropomodulin binds to the N-terminus of hTM5, a tropomyosin isoform encoded by the gamma-tropomyosin gene.". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 201 (2): 627–34. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1994.1747. PMID 8002995.
Sussman MA, Bilak M, Kedes L et al. (1994). "Tropomodulin is highly concentrated at the postsynaptic domain of human and rat neuromuscular junctions". Exp. Cell Res. 209 (2): 388–91. doi:10.1006/excr.1993.1325. PMID 8262158.
Lench NJ, Telford EA, Andersen SE et al. (1997). "An EST and STS-based YAC contig map of human chromosome 9q22.3". Genomics 38 (2): 199–205. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0616. PMID 8954802.
Vera C, Sood A, Gao KM et al. (2000). "Tropomodulin-binding site mapped to residues 7-14 at the N-terminal heptad repeats of tropomyosin isoform 5". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 378 (1): 16–24. doi:10.1006/abbi.2000.1802. PMID 10871039.
McElhinny AS, Kolmerer B, Fowler VM et al. (2001). "The N-terminal end of nebulin interacts with tropomodulin at the pointed ends of the thin filaments". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (1): 583–92. doi:10.1074/jbc.M005693200. PMID 11016930.
Chu X, Thompson D, Yee LJ, Sung LA (2001). "Genomic organization of mouse and human erythrocyte tropomodulin genes encoding the pointed end capping protein for the actin filaments". Gene 256 (1–2): 271–81. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(00)00327-9. PMID 11054557.
Greenfield NJ, Fowler VM (2002). "Tropomyosin requires an intact N-terminal coiled coil to interact with tropomodulin". Biophys. J. 82 (5): 2580–91. doi:10.1016/S0006-3495(02)75600-2. PMC 1302047. PMID 11964245. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1302047.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=139241.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
Rho SB, Chun T, Lee SH et al. (2004). "The interaction between E-tropomodulin and thymosin beta-10 rescues tumor cells from thymosin beta-10 mediated apoptosis by restoring actin architecture". FEBS Lett. 557 (1–3): 57–63. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(03)01438-8. PMID 14741341.
Pawlak G, McGarvey TW, Nguyen TB et al. (2004). "Alterations in tropomyosin isoform expression in human transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder". Int. J. Cancer 110 (3): 368–73. doi:10.1002/ijc.20151. PMID 15095301.
Humphray SJ, Oliver K, Hunt AR et al. (2004). "DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9". Nature 429 (6990): 369–74. doi:10.1038/nature02465. PMC 2734081. PMID 15164053. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2734081.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=528928.
Vera C, Lao J, Hamelberg D, Sung LA (2006). "Mapping the tropomyosin isoform 5 binding site on human erythrocyte tropomodulin: further insights into E-Tmod/TM5 interaction". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 444 (2): 130–8. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2005.10.002. PMID 16297372.
Kong KY, Kedes L (2006). "Leucine 135 of tropomodulin-1 regulates its association with tropomyosin, its cellular localization, and the integrity of sarcomeres". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (14): 9589–99. doi:10.1074/jbc.M512064200. PMID 16434395.

Proteins of the cytoskeleton

Human

Microfilaments
(ABPs)

Myofilament

Actins	A1, A2, B, C1, G1, G2

Myosins	I (MYO1A, MYO1B, MYO1C, MYO1D, MYO1E, MYO1F, MYO1G, MYO1H) · II (MYH1, MYH2, MYH3, MYH4, MYH6, MYH7, MYH7B, MYH8, MYH9, MYH10, MYH11, MYH13, MYH14, MYH15, MYH16) · III (MYO3A, MYO3B) · V (MYO5A, MYO5B, MYO5C) · VI (MYO6) · VII (MYO7A, MYO7B) · IX (MYO9A, MYO9B) · X (MYO10) · XV (MYO15A) · XVIII (MYO18A, MYO18B) · LC (MYL1, MYL2, MYL3, MYL4, MYL5, MYL6, MYL6B, MYL7, MYL9, MYLIP, MYLK, MYLK2, MYLL1)

Other	Tropomodulin (1, 2, 3, 4) · Troponin (T 1 2 3, C 1 2, I 1 2 3) · Tropomyosin (1, 2, 3, 4) Actinin (1, 2, 3, 4) · Arp2/3 complex · actin depolymerizing factors (Cofilin (1, 2) · Destrin) · Gelsolin · Profilin (1, 2) · Titin

Other

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein · Fibrillin · Filamin (FLNA, FLNB, FLNC) · Espin · TRIOBP

IFs

Type 1/2
(Keratin,
Cytokeratin)

Epithelial keratins (soft alpha-keratins)	type I/chromosome 17 (10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20) · chromosome 12 (18) · none (21) type II/chromosome 12 (1, 2A, 3, 4, 5, 6A, 6B, 7, 8, 9)

Hair keratins (hard alpha-keratins)	type I/chromosome 17 (31, 32, 33A, 33B, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38) type II/chromosome 12 (81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86)

Ungrouped alpha	chromosome 17 (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 39, 40) chromosome 12 (71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80)

Not alpha	Beta-keratin

Type 3

Desmin, GFAP, Peripherin, Vimentin

Type 4

Internexin, Nestin, Neurofilament (NEFL, NEFM, NEFH), Synemin, Syncoilin

Type 5

Lamin A, B

Microtubules/
MAPs

Kinesins	KIF1A, KIF1B, KIF2A, KIF2C, KIF3B, KIF3C, KIF4A, KIF4B, KIF5A, KIF5B, KIF5C, KIF6, KIF7, KIF9, KIF11, KIF12, KIF13A, KIF13B, KIF14, KIF15, KIF16B, KIF17, KIF18A, KIF18B, KIF19, KIF20A, KIF20B, KIF21A, KIF21B, KIF22, KIF23, KIF24, KIF25, KIF26A, KIF26B, KIF27, KIFC1, KIFC2, KIFC3

Dyneins	axonemal: DNAH1, DNAH2, DNAH3, DNAH5, DNAH6, DNAH7, DNAH8, DNAH9, DNAH10, DNAH11, DNAH12, DNAH13, DNAH14, DNAH17, DNAI1, DNAI2, DNALI1, DNAL1, DNAL4 cytoplasmic: DYNC1H1, DYNC2H1, DYNC1I1, DYNC1I2, DYNC1LI1, DYNC1LI2, DYNC2LI1, DYNLL1, DYNLL2, DYNLRB1, DYNLRB2, DYNLT1, DYNLT3

Other	Tau protein · Dynactin (DCTN1) · Tubulins (TUBA1A, TUBA1B, TUBA1C, TUBA3C, TUBA3D, TUBA3E, TUBA4A, TUBA8) · Stathmin · Tektin (TEKT1, TEKT2, TEKT3, TEKT4, TEKT5) · Dynamin (DNM1, DNM2, DNM3)

Catenins

Alpha catenin · Beta catenin (APC) · Plakoglobin (gamma catenin) · Delta catenin · GAN

Membrane

Dystrophin (Dystroglycan) · Utrophin · Ankyrin (ANK1, ANK2, ANK3) · Spectrin (SPTA1, SPTAN1, SPTB, SPTBN1, SPTBN2, SPTBN4, SPTBN5)

Other

plakin (Desmoplakin, Plectin) · Talin (TLN1) · Vinculin · Plakophilin (PKP1, PKP2)

Nonhuman

Major sperm proteins · Prokaryotic cytoskeleton (Crescentin, FtsZ, MreB)

see also cytoskeletal defects
B strc: edmb (perx), skel (ctrs), epit, cili, mito, nucl (chro)

TMOD1

References

Further reading