TLR 5

Toll-like receptor 5
Identifiers
Symbols TLR5; FLJ10052; MGC126430; MGC126431; SLEB1; TIL3
External IDs OMIM: 603031 MGI: 1858171 HomoloGene: 20698 GeneCards: TLR5 Gene
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species Human Mouse
Entrez 7100 53791
Ensembl ENSG00000187554 ENSMUSG00000079164
UniProt O60602 Q9JLF7
RefSeq (mRNA) NM_003268.5 NM_016928.2
RefSeq (protein) NP_003259.2 NP_058624.2
Location (UCSC) Chr 1:
223.28 – 223.32 Mb		 Chr 1:
184.88 – 184.91 Mb
PubMed search [1] [2]

Toll-like receptor 5, also known as TLR5, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the TLR5 gene.[1]

Contents

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene product is expressed in myelomonocytic cells, and recognizes bacterial flagellin, a principal component of bacterial flagella and a virulence factor. The activation of this receptor mobilizes the nuclear factor NF-κB and stimulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha production.[2]

TLR5 recognizes flagellin.[3] Flagellin is the protein monomer that makes up the filament of bacterial flagella, found on nearly all motile bacteria. There are highly conserved regions in the flagellin protein among all bacteria, facilitating the recognition of flagellin by a germ-line encoded receptor such as TLR5.[4]

References

  1. ^ Rock FL, Hardiman G, Timans JC, Kastelein RA, Bazan JF (January 1998). "A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95 (2): 588–93. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.2.588. PMC 18464. PMID 9435236. http://www.pnas.org/content/95/2/588.abstract. 
  2. ^ "Entrez Gene: TLR5 toll-like receptor 5". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7100. 
  3. ^ Hayashi F, Smith KD, Ozinsky A, Hawn TR, Yi EC, Goodlett DR, Eng JK, Akira S, Underhill DM, Aderem A (April 2001). "The innate immune response to bacterial flagellin is mediated by Toll-like receptor 5". Nature 410 (6832): 1099–103. doi:10.1038/35074106. PMID 11323673. 
  4. ^ Smith KD, Andersen-Nissen E, Hayashi F, Strobe K, Bergman MA, Barrett SL, Cookson BT, Aderem A (December 2003). "Toll-like receptor 5 recognizes a conserved site on flagellin required for protofilament formation and bacterial motility". Nature Immunology 4 (12): 1247–53. doi:10.1038/ni1011. PMID 14625549. 

Further reading

External links

Signaling pathway: TLR signaling pathway
Receptor

TLR 4

TLR 1 · TLR 2 · TLR 6

TLR 5 · TLR 10
Other external
CD14 · MD2 · LBP
Internal

adaptor: Myd88 · TRIF · TIRAP · TRAF6 · TOLLIP

IRAK1 · IRAK4

IRF3

TLR 3 · TLR 7 · TLR 8 · TLR 9
B trdu: iter (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), csrc (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd; path (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)