| Type | Aktiengesellschaft |
|---|---|
| Traded as | SIX: SYST |
| Industry | Health care |
| Founded | 1999 |
| Headquarters | Solothurn, Switzerland (corporate), West Chester, PA, United States (operational) |
| Key people | Hansjörg Wyss (Chairman), Michel Orsinger (President and CEO) |
| Products | Physical trauma, spine, craniofacial, mandible and chest implants, medical power tools, biomaterials |
| Revenue | US $3.687 billion (2010)[1] |
| Operating income | US $1.283 billion (2010)[1] |
| Profit | US $907.7 million (2010)[1] |
| Total assets | US $7.924 billion (end 2010)[1] |
| Total equity | US $6.739 billion (end 2010)[1] |
| Employees | 11,430 (end 2010)[1] |
| Website | www.synthes.com |
Synthes Holding AG (formerly Synthes-Stratec) is a multinational medical device manufacturer based in Solothurn, Switzerland and West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States. It is the world's largest maker of implants to mend bone fractures,[2] and also produces surgical power tools and advanced biomaterials. Synthes is controlled by chairman, former CEO and largest shareholder Hansjörg Wyss, who is ranked 121st on the 2010 Forbes list of richest people in the world.[3] The company's shares are listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange and the firm is a constituent of the SMI index.
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Synthes was originally established in 1960 as a trademark of the non-profit institute Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (English: Association for the Study of Internal Fixation, AO/ASIF), which was applied to internal fixation implants produced under licence by its industrial partners, Straumann Group and Mathys Medizinaltechnik.[4] In 1975 Synthes USA, a firm founded by Harvard graduate Hansjörg Wyss, became the third company to form an alliance with AO/ASIF, while Straumann and Mathys expanded their coverage around the rest of the world throughout the decade.[5]
In 1990 Straumann spun off its implant business into a separate privately owned company, Stratec Medical.[6] Stratec partially listed its shares on the SWX Swiss Exchange through an initial public offering six years later, while Synthes USA and Mathys remained in private hands.[7] Three years later, however, Stratec and Synthes USA merged to form a new publicly-traded company named Synthes-Stratec. After the merger Hansjörg Wyss became, and remains today, the majority shareholder of the enlarged company.[8] The third of the original AO/ASIF partner companies, Mathys, sold its osteosynthesis department to Synthes-Stratec in 2004,[9] although the firm's German division was divested to satisfy competition authorities.[10] The company subsequently dropped the "-Stratec" suffix to become simply Synthes. The company's shares were added to the benchmark Swiss Market Index for the first time in September 2004.[11]
In 2006 the company acquired the rights to the Synthes brand name and most of the related intellectual property, including patents, from the AO/ASIF foundation for around CHF1 billion.[12] AO also acquired a stake in Synthes. The two organisations continue to collaborate on relevant issues.
In October 2010, Synthes and its subsidiary Norian both pled guilty to crimes relating to illegally implanting bone cement without FDA approval. Norian will admit to a felony charge of conspiracy to impede FDA functions and pay a $23 million dollar fine. Synthes will then divest Norian.[13]
In November 2010, Synthes acquired USA based privately owned surgical tools maker The Anspach Effort, Inc, purchase price was not disclosed.[14]
On April 27, 2011 Synthes and Johnson and Johnson agreed to a merger deal. The merger will create the world's largest orthopedic corporation.[15]
The company's product offering spans six divisions, of which four produce implants and related instruments for the treatment of physical trauma, spinal injuries and CMF (craniomaxillofacial) trauma, as well as for osteotomy in animals such as horses and dogs. Synthes' other business segments are the production of surgical power tools and biomaterials used to fill bone defects.
In 2009 Synthes announced a settlement with the state of New Jersey, over concerns that clinical investigators did not disclose their financial interests. In November 2009 Synthes pleaded guilty to allegations of shipping “adulterated and misbranded” products as part of unlawful clinical trials.[16]
The indictment charges Synthes Inc. with a total of 52 felony counts: conspiracy to impair and impede the lawful functions of the FDA and to commit crimes against the US; 7 counts of making false statements in connection with an FDA inspection; and 44 counts of shipping adulterated and misbranded Norian XR in interstate commerce with intent to defraud.
The parent company, Synthes, is charged with 44 misdemeanor counts of shipping adulterated and misbranded Norian XR in interstate commerce, and the four executives, Michael D. Huggins, Thomas B. Higgins, Richard E. Bohner and John J. Walsh, are each charged with one misdemeanor count of shipping adulterated and misbranded Norian XR in interstate commerce. Synthes Inc. acquired N Spine Inc. in 2007.
According to a copy of the indictment, obtained by MM&M, from May 2002 until fall 2004 Norian conspired with others, including Synthes and the four named executives, to conduct unauthorized clinical trials of Synthes's medical devices, Norian XR and Norian SRS, in surgeries to treat vertebral compression fractures of the spine (VCFs), a painful condition commonly suffered by elderly individuals.
These surgeries were allegedly performed despite a warning on the FDA-cleared label for Norian XR against this use, and in the face of serious medical concerns about the safety of the devices when used in the spine.
According to the indictment, before the marketing program began, pilot studies showed the company that the bone cement reacted chemically with human blood in a test tube to cause blood clots. The research also showed, in a pig, that such Norian-caused clots became lodged in the lungs. Notwithstanding this knowledge, the company allegedly proceeded to market the product for VCFs without putting it through FDA-required testing. The company, it is alleged, did not stop marketing the product until after a third patient had died on the operating table.[17]
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