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Sukhāvatī (Sanskrit: सुखावती sukhāvatī) refers to the western Pure Land of the Buddha Amitābha in Mahāyāna Buddhism. Sukhāvatī translates to "Land of Bliss."
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In traditional Mahayana Buddhist countries, there are a number of translations for Sukhāvatī. The Tibetan name for Sukhāvatī is Dewachen (བདེ་བ་ཅན་, bde ba can). In Chinese it is called Jílè (極樂, "Ultimate Bliss"), Ānlè (安樂, "Peaceful Bliss"), or Xītiān (西天, "Western Heaven"). In Japanese it is called Gokuraku (極楽, "Ultimate Bliss") or Anraku (安楽, "Peaceful Bliss").
In the final part of the Amitāyurdhyāna Sūtra, Śākyamuni Buddha discusses the 9 levels into which those born into the Pure Land are categorized. The levels are ranked from highest to lowest as follows:[1]
In Western Tibetan Buddhism, this word describes the Buddhist funeral.[2]
Sir Charles Eliot suggested that the Buddhist paradise Sukhavati may be linked to the Avestan land of Saukavastan.[3] In the Avestan Bundahishn it is said: "The land of Saukavastan is on the way from Turkistan to Chinistan, in the direction of the north."[4]
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