Foothills are geographically defined as gradual increases in elevation at the base of a mountain range. They are a transition zone between plains and low relief hills to the adjacent topographically high mountains.
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Areas where foothills exist, or areas commonly referred to as the foothills, include:
Another word for a foothill region is "piedmont". The Italian Piedmont region lies in the foothills of the Alps, and several other foothills in other parts of the world go by similar names.